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Ebrahimnezhad M, Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Tabnak P, Yousefi B. Unveiling the potential of FOXO3 in lung cancer: From molecular insights to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116833. [PMID: 38843589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses a significant challenge regarding molecular heterogeneity, as it encompasses a wide range of molecular alterations and cancer-related pathways. Recent discoveries made it feasible to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer, giving rise to the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies relying on molecularly targeted drugs. In this context, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a member of forkhead transcription factors, has emerged as a crucial protein commonly dysregulated in cancer cells. The regulation of the FOXO3 in reacting to external stimuli plays a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis as a component of the molecular machinery that determines whether cells will survive or dies. Indeed, various extrinsic cues regulate FOXO3, affecting its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. These regulations are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and protein interactions that eventually drive post-transcriptional modification of FOXO3. Nevertheless, while it is no doubt that FOXO3 is implicated in numerous aspects of lung cancer, it is unclear whether they act as tumor suppressors, promotors, or both based on the situation. However, FOXO3 serves as an intriguing possible target in lung cancer therapeutics while widely used anti-cancer chemo drugs can regulate it. In this review, we describe a summary of recent findings on molecular mechanisms of FOXO3 to clarify that targeting its activity might hold promise in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Valizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hillebrand L, Liang XJ, Serafim RAM, Gehringer M. Emerging and Re-emerging Warheads for Targeted Covalent Inhibitors: An Update. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7668-7758. [PMID: 38711345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Covalent inhibitors and other types of covalent modalities have seen a revival in the past two decades, with a variety of new targeted covalent drugs having been approved in recent years. A key feature of such molecules is an intrinsically reactive group, typically a weak electrophile, which enables the irreversible or reversible formation of a covalent bond with a specific amino acid of the target protein. This reactive group, often called the "warhead", is a critical determinant of the ligand's activity, selectivity, and general biological properties. In 2019, we summarized emerging and re-emerging warhead chemistries to target cysteine and other amino acids (Gehringer, M.; Laufer, S. A. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62, 5673-5724; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01153). Since then, the field has rapidly evolved. Here we discuss the progress on covalent warheads made since our last Perspective and their application in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hillebrand
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xiaojun Julia Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A M Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehringer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Chen Y, Liu J, Zhang Q, Chai L, Chen H, Li D, Wang Y, Qiu Y, Shen N, Zhang J, Wang Q, Wang J, Xie X, Li S, Li M. Activation of CaMKII/HDAC4 by SDF1 contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension via stabilization Runx2. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176483. [PMID: 38479721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Stromal derived factor 1 (SDF1) has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To address this, we utilized primary cultured rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat models to investigate the mechanisms of SDF1 driving PASMCs proliferation and pulmonary arterial remodeling. SDF1 increased runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) acetylation by Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent HDAC4 cytoplasmic translocation, elevation of Runx2 acetylation conferred its resistance to proteasome-mediated degradation. The accumulation of Runx2 further upregulated osteopontin (OPN) expression, finally leading to PASMCs proliferation. Blocking SDF1, suppression of CaMKII, inhibition the nuclear export of HDAC4 or silencing Runx2 attenuated pulmonary arterial remodeling and prevented PAH development in MCT-induced PAH rat models. Our study provides novel sights for SDF1 induction of PASMCs proliferation and suggests that targeting SDF1/CaMKII/HDAC4/Runx2 axis has potential value in the management of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yuanjie Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Nirui Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Chen C, Miao X, Guo X, Xu J, Liang J, Zheng Y, Chi L, Chen X, Wei L, Zhang H, Ye X, He J. Safety of selinexor as the only exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitor so far: a post-marketing study based on the world Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (Vigibase). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:247-255. [PMID: 37608630 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2248888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitors are being developed as a new agent for anti-cancer therapies. This study aimed to broadly portray the adverse event (AE) profile of selinexor, an XPO1 inhibitor, in actual clinical practice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Disproportionality analyses were conducted by calculating the information component and reporting odds ratio in VigiBase over different reporting periods. All selinexor-related AEs were classified by system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities. RESULTS A total of 116,443 AEs were identified in 2,608 patients that received selinexor. Patients with cardiac disorders had a higher propensity for death. Thirteen SOCs and 125 PTs were identified as having a potential connection with selinexor. Notably, 29 suspected signals detected in our study were defined as significant AEs by the European Medicines Agency, including febrile neutropenia, pancytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Attention should be paid to these AEs, despite most toxicities being manageable and reversible. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights a number of AEs associated with selinexor. Most toxicities are reversible but require careful management. The benefit of selinexor still outweighs the potential risks, indicating XPO1 inhibitors as promising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfang Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jizhou Liang
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Chi
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianhui Wei
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Ye
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Tan Y, Chen G, He RQ, Huang ZG, Dang YW, Luo JY, Huang WY, Huang SN, Liu R, Feng ZB. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of XPO1 in solid tumors: meta-analysis and TCGA analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:607-618. [PMID: 37335774 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2224505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exportin 1 (XPO1) is overexpressed in several solid tumors, and is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the implication of XPO1 expression in solid tumors through a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for articles published until February 2023. Statistical data of the patients, odds ratios and hazard ratios (HRs), together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to assess clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Besides, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to explore the prognostic significance of XPO1 in solid tumors. RESULTS A total of 22 works, comprising 2595 patients were included in this study. The results suggested that increased XPO1 expression was associated with a higher tumor grade, more lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, and progressively worse total clinical stage. Additionally, high XPO1 expression was associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.12-1.81, P = 0.004) and shorter progression-free survival (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.07-1.84, P = 0.01). An analysis using the TCGA dataset showed that high XPO1 expression was associated with poor OS and disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS XPO1 is a promising prognostic biomarker and may constitute a therapeutic target for solid tumors.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023399159.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Su-Ning Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Run Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Arroyo-Berdugo Y, Sendino M, Greaves D, Nojszewska N, Idilli O, So CW, Di Silvio L, Quartey-Papafio R, Farzaneh F, Rodriguez JA, Calle Y. High Throughput Fluorescence-Based In Vitro Experimental Platform for the Identification of Effective Therapies to Overcome Tumour Microenvironment-Mediated Drug Resistance in AML. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1988. [PMID: 37046649 PMCID: PMC10093176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) leukemic stem cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment play a critical role during AML progression and resistance to drug treatments. Therefore, the identification of novel therapies requires drug-screening methods using in vitro co-culture models that closely recreate the cytoprotective BM setting. We have developed a new fluorescence-based in vitro co-culture system scalable to high throughput for measuring the concomitant effect of drugs on AML cells and the cytoprotective BM microenvironment. eGFP-expressing AML cells are co-cultured in direct contact with mCherry-expressing BM stromal cells for the accurate assessment of proliferation, viability, and signaling in both cell types. This model identified several efficacious compounds that overcome BM stroma-mediated drug resistance against daunorubicin, including the chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1/XPO1) inhibitor KPT-330. In silico analysis of genes co-expressed with CRM1, combined with in vitro experiments using our new methodology, also indicates that the combination of KPT-330 with the AURKA pharmacological inhibitor alisertib circumvents the cytoprotection of AML cells mediated by the BM stroma. This new experimental model and analysis provide a more precise screening method for developing improved therapeutics targeting AML cells within the cytoprotective BM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Arroyo-Berdugo
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Maria Sendino
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - David Greaves
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Natalia Nojszewska
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Orest Idilli
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Chi Wai So
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | - Farzin Farzaneh
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jose Antonio Rodriguez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Yolanda Calle
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
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Zhao C, Ma B, Yang ZY, Li O, Liu SL, Pan LJ, Gong W, Dong P, Shu YJ. Inhibition of XPO1 impairs cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation by triggering p53 intranuclear accumulation. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5751-5763. [PMID: 36200270 PMCID: PMC10028126 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND XPO1 mediates the nuclear export of several proteins, mainly tumor suppressors. KPT-330 (Selinexor) is a selective inhibitor of XPO1 that has demonstrated good therapeutic effects in hematologic cancers. METHODS We used TCGA and GTEx pan-cancer database to evaluate XPO1 mRNA expression in various tumors. Cell proliferation assay and colony formation assay were used to analyze the in vitro antitumor effects of XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330. Western blot was performed to explore the specific mechanisms. RESULTS We found that XPO1 was highly expressed across a range of cancers and associated with poor prognosis in hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors. We revealed that the XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 triggered the nuclear accumulation of the p53 protein and significantly disrupted the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Mechanistically, the XPO1 inhibitor, KPT-330, reduced BIRC6 expression by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway to decrease p53 degradation and improve its stability. CONCLUSION Therefore, XPO1 may be a potential therapeutic target in cholangiocarcinoma, mediated by its effects on KPT-330.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yi Yang
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ou Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Jia Pan
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Dong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jun Shu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
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Huang W, Wang JX, Shen X, Lei Y, Chen X, Jia D, Zhang X, Sun Q. Searching for Novel Noncovalent Nuclear Export Inhibitors through a Drug Repurposing Approach. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1574-1582. [PMID: 36622814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal region maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) is a validated anticancer drug target, and its covalent inhibitor KPT-330 has been approved for marketing. However, the development of CRM1 inhibitors, especially the noncovalent ones, is still very limited. Drug repurposing is an effective strategy to develop drug leads for new targets. In this work, we virtually screened a library of marketed drugs and identified zafirlukast as a new CRM1 inhibitor. Biochemical and structural analysis revealed that zafirlukast was a noncovalent CRM1 inhibitor that bound to four subpockets in the nuclear-export-signal (NES) groove. Methylation of the sulfonamide group rendered zafirlukast completely inactive against CRM1. Zafirlukast inhibited the growth of a variety of cancer cells and worked synergistically with the drug doxorubicin. Taken together, these works laid a solid foundation for reshaping zafirlukast as a valuable lead compound for further design of noncovalent, specific, and potent CRM1 inhibitors toward the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Xi Wang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yuqin Lei
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Hsa_circ_0005050 interacts with ILF3 and affects cell apoptosis and proliferation by disrupting the balance between p53 and p65. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Zhao C, Yang ZY, Zhang J, Li O, Liu SL, Cai C, Shu YJ, Pan LJ, Gong W, Dong P. Inhibition of XPO1 with KPT-330 induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis in gallbladder cancer by activating the p53/mTOR pathway. Lab Invest 2022; 20:434. [PMID: 36180918 PMCID: PMC9524043 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly aggressive malignant cancer in the biliary system with poor prognosis. XPO1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 or CRM1) mediates the nuclear export of several proteins, mainly tumor suppressors. Thus, XPO1 functions as a pro-oncogenic factor. KPT-330 (Selinexor) is a United States Food and Drug Administration approved selective inhibitor of XPO1 that demonstrates good therapeutic effects in hematologic cancers. However, the function of XPO1 and the effect of KPT-330 have not been reported in GBC. METHODS We analyzed the correlation between XPO1 expression levels by q-PCR and clinical features of GBC patients. Cell proliferation assays were used to analyze the in vitro antitumor effects of XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330. mRNA sequencing was used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Western blot was performed to explore the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy. The in vivo antitumor effect of KPT-330 was investigated in a nude mouse model of gallbladder cancer. RESULTS We found that high expression of XPO1 was related to poor prognosis of GBC patients. We observed that XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 inhibited the proliferation of GBC cells in vitro. Furthermore, XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 induced apoptosis by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and triggering autophagy in NOZ and GBC-SD cells. Indeed, XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 led to nuclear accumulation of p53 and activated the p53/mTOR pathway to regulate autophagy-dependent apoptosis. Importantly, KPT-330 suppressed tumor growth with no obvious toxic effects in vivo. CONCLUSION XPO1 may be a promising prognostic indicator for GBC, and KPT-330 appears to be a potential drug for treating GBC effectively and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zi-Yi Yang
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ou Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi-Jun Shu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Jia Pan
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ping Dong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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11
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Ishikawa C, Mori N. Exportin-1 is critical for cell proliferation and survival in adult T cell leukemia. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:718-727. [PMID: 35477814 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Since treatment options for adult T cell leukemia (ATL) associated with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) fail to obtain long-term response, novel therapies targeting ATL-dysregulated pathways are necessary. Dysregulated nuclear import and export machinery is common in malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the potential of exportin-1 (XPO1), which mediates nuclear export of cargos, as a target in ATL. RT-PCR and western blotting were performed to determine XPO1 expression. We evaluated XPO1's effects on cell proliferation and viability through WST-8 assays, cell cycle and apoptosis via Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry, and intracellular signaling cascades using western blotting. XPO1 expression was upregulated in HTLV-1-infected T cells. XPO1 knockdown reduced cell proliferation. XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 also reduced proliferation, increased DNA damage, and induced G1 cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. KPT-330 downregulated cell cycle regulators (CDK2/4/6, cyclin D2, c-Myc and phosphorylated pRb) and anti-apoptotic proteins (XIAP, c-IAP1/2, survivin and Mcl-1), and upregulated p53, p21 and Bak. KPT-330 suppressed XPO1 and increased the nuclear localization of cargos (NF-κB RelA and its negative regulator IκBα, protein phosphatase 2A and its inhibitor SET, p53 and its negative regulator MDM2, p21, p27, FOXO1 and pRb). KPT-330 treatment resulted in the abrogation of aberrant pathways (NF-κB, Akt and STAT3/5) simultaneously through the activation of tumor suppressor proteins and inhibition of oncogenes and proliferative/survival factors. These findings encourage investigating the use of KPT-330 in clinical trials targeting ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
- Division of Health Sciences, Transdisciplinary Research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan.
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