1
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Shan M, Zhao X, Sun P, Qu X, Cheng G, Qin LP. Revisiting Structure-activity Relationships: Unleashing the potential of selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107506. [PMID: 38833989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs), a kind of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, the function has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, immune, inflammatory response and malignancies. Among them, JAK1 represents an essential target for modulating cytokines involved in inflammation and immune function. Rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis and psoriatic arthritis are areas where approved JAK1 drugs have been applied for the treatment. In the review, we provided a brief introduction to JAK1 inhibitors in market and clinical trials. The structures of high active JAK1 compounds (IC50 ≤ 0.1 nM) were highlighted, with primary focus on structure-activity relationship and selectivity. Moreover, the druggability processes of approved drugs and high active compounds were analyzed. In addition, the issues involved in JAK1 compounds clinical application as well as strategies to surmount these challenges, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhao Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Chen L, Tang Y, Lang JJ, Lin Y, Yu Z, Li X, Zheng X, Mi P, Lv Y, Lin YW. Design, synthesis and evaluation of C-5 substituted pyrrolopyridine derivatives as potent Janus Kinase 1 inhibitors with excellent selectivity. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116210. [PMID: 38359535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of highly selective Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitors is crucial for improving efficacy and minimizing adverse effects in the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases. In a prior study, we designed a series of C-5 4-pyrazol substituted pyrrolopyridine derivatives that demonstrated significant potency against JAK1, with a 10 ∼ 20-fold selectivity over Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2). Building on this foundation, we adopted orthogonal strategy by modifying the C-5 position with 3-pyrazol/4-pyrazol/3-pyrrol groups and tail with substituted benzyl groups on the pyrrolopyridine head to enhance both potency and selectivity. In this endeavor, we have identified several compounds that exhibit excellent potency and selectivity for JAK1. Notably, compounds 12b and 12e, which combined 4-pyrazol group at C-5 site and meta-substituted benzyl tails, displayed IC50 value with 2.4/2.2 nM and high 352-/253-fold selectivity for JAK1 over JAK2 in enzyme assays. Additionally, both compounds showed good JAK1-selective in Ba/F3-TEL-JAK1/2 cell-based assays. These findings mark a substantial improvement, as these compounds are 10-fold more potent and over 10-fold more selective than the best compound identified in our previous study. The noteworthy potency and selectivity properties of compounds 12b and 12e suggest their potential utility in furthering the development of drugs for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yahua Tang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jia-Jia Lang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhixin Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xinhao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - You Lv
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710026, China.
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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3
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Lang JJ, Lv Y, Kobe B, Chen H, Tan Y, Chen L, Wang X, Mi P, Zheng X, Lin YW. Discovery of C-5 Pyrazole-Substituted Pyrrolopyridine Derivatives as Potent and Selective Inhibitors for Janus Kinase 1. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6725-6742. [PMID: 37163463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing selective inhibitors for Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) is a significant focus for improving the efficacy and alleviating the adverse effects in treating immune-inflammatory diseases. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of C-5 pyrazole-modified pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as JAK1-selective inhibitors. The potential hydrogen bond between the pyrazole group and E966 in JAK1 is the key point that enhances JAK1 selectivity. These compounds exhibit 10- to 20-fold JAK1 selectivity over JAK2 in enzyme assays. Compound 12b also exhibits excellent JAK1 selectivity in Ba/F3-TEL-JAK cellular assays. Metabolism studies and the results of the hair growth model in mice indicate that compound 12b may be a viable lead compound for the development of highly JAK1-selective inhibitors for immune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Lang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hengyang Medical College, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - You Lv
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xuechuan Wang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- Hengyang Medical College, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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4
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Sanachai K, Mahalapbutr P, Hengphasatporn K, Shigeta Y, Seetaha S, Tabtimmai L, Langer T, Wolschann P, Kittikool T, Yotphan S, Choowongkomon K, Rungrotmongkol T. Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Experimental Validation of Pyrazolone-Derived Inhibitors toward Janus Kinases. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33548-33559. [PMID: 36157769 PMCID: PMC9494641 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) are nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases that play a role in a broad range of cell signaling. JAK2 and JAK3 have been involved in the pathogenesis of common lymphoid-derived diseases and leukemia cancer. Thus, inhibition of both JAK2 and JAK3 can be a potent strategy to reduce the risk of these diseases. In the present study, the pharmacophore models built based on the commercial drug tofacitinib and the JAK2/3 proteins derived from molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories were employed to search for a dual potent JAK2/3 inhibitor by a pharmacophore-based virtual screening of 54 synthesized pyrazolone derivatives from an in-house data set. Twelve selected compounds from the virtual screening procedure were then tested for their inhibitory potency against both JAKs in the kinase assay. The in vitro kinase inhibition experiment indicated that compounds 3h, TK4g, and TK4b can inhibit both JAKs in the low nanomolar range. Among them, the compound TK4g showed the highest protein kinase inhibition with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 12.61 nM for JAK2 and 15.80 nM for JAK3. From the MD simulations study, it could be found that the sulfonamide group of TK4g can form hydrogen bonds in the hinge region at residues E930 and L932 of JAK2 and E903 and L905 of JAK3, while van der Waals interaction also plays a dominant role in ligand binding. Altogether, TK4g, found by virtual screening and biological tests, could serve as a novel therapeutical lead candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonpan Sanachai
- Center
of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon
Kaen University, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Kowit Hengphasatporn
- Center
for Computational Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center
for Computational Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Supaphorn Seetaha
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok10900, Thailand
| | - Lueacha Tabtimmai
- Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok10800, Thailand
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, ViennaA-1090, Austria
| | - Peter Wolschann
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, University of
Vienna, Vienna1090, Austria
| | - Tanakorn Kittikool
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok10400, Thailand
| | - Sirilata Yotphan
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok10400, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok10900, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center
of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
- Program
in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
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5
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Itaconate and itaconate derivatives target JAK1 to suppress alternative activation of macrophages. Cell Metab 2022; 34:487-501.e8. [PMID: 35235776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate and its derivatives suppress the inflammatory response in pro-inflammatory "M1" macrophages. However, alternatively activated "M2" macrophages can take up itaconate. We therefore examined the effect of itaconate and 4-octyl itaconate (OI) on M2 macrophage activation. We demonstrate that itaconate and OI inhibit M2 polarization and metabolic remodeling. Examination of IL-4 signaling revealed inhibition of JAK1 and STAT6 phosphorylation by both itaconate and OI. JAK1 activation was also inhibited by OI in response to IL-13, interferon-β, and interferon-γ in macrophages and in T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Importantly, JAK1 was directly modified by itaconate derivatives at multiple residues, including cysteines 715, 816, 943, and 1130. Itaconate and OI also inhibited JAK1 kinase activity. Finally, OI treatment suppressed M2 macrophage polarization and JAK1 phosphorylation in vivo. We therefore identify itaconate and OI as JAK1 inhibitors, suggesting a new strategy to inhibit JAK1 in M2 macrophage-driven diseases.
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6
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Sarukhanyan E, Shityakov S, Dandekar T. Rational Drug Design of Axl Tyrosine Kinase Type I Inhibitors as Promising Candidates Against Cancer. Front Chem 2020; 7:920. [PMID: 32117858 PMCID: PMC7010640 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The high level of Axl tyrosine kinase expression in various cancer cell lines makes it an attractive target for the development of anti-cancer drugs. In this study, we carried out several sets of in silico screening for the ATP-competitive Axl kinase inhibitors based on different molecular docking protocols. The best drug-like candidates were identified, after parental structure modifications, by their highest affinity to the target protein. We found that our newly designed compound R5, a derivative of the R428 patented analog, is the most promising inhibitor of the Axl kinase according to the three molecular docking algorithms applied in the study. The molecular docking results are in agreement with the molecular dynamics simulations using the MM-PBSA/GBSA implicit solvation models, which confirm the high affinity of R5 toward the protein receptor. Additionally, the selectivity test against other kinases also reveals a high affinity of R5 toward ABL1 and Tyro3 kinases, emphasizing its promising potential for the treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edita Sarukhanyan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Yang M, Tao B, Chen C, Jia W, Sun S, Zhang T, Wang X. Machine Learning Models Based on Molecular Fingerprints and an Extreme Gradient Boosting Method Lead to the Discovery of JAK2 Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:5002-5012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Bingzhong Tao
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shaolei Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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8
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Cavalluzzi MM, Imbrici P, Gualdani R, Stefanachi A, Mangiatordi GF, Lentini G, Nicolotti O. Human ether-à-go-go-related potassium channel: exploring SAR to improve drug design. Drug Discov Today 2019; 25:344-366. [PMID: 31756511 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
hERG is best known as a primary anti-target, the inhibition of which is responsible for serious side effects. A renewed interest in hERG as a desired target, especially in oncology, was sparked because of its role in cellular proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we survey the most recent advances regarding hERG by focusing on SAR in the attempt to elucidate, at a molecular level, off-target and on-target actions of potential hERG binders, which are highly promiscuous and largely varying in structure. Understanding the rationale behind hERG interactions and the molecular determinants of hERG activity is a real challenge and comprehension of this is of the utmost importance to prioritize compounds in early stages of drug discovery and to minimize cardiotoxicity attrition in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Gualdani
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Lentini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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9
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Hsiao RH, Tseng CC, Xie JJ, Tsai SE, Uramaru N, Lin CY, Chern CY, Wong FF. Selective synthesis of functionalized pyrazoles from 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes with sodium nitrite: 5-Amino-4-nitrosopyrazoles and pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Hu M, Xu C, Yang C, Zuo H, Chen C, Zhang D, Shi G, Wang W, Shi J, Zhang T. Discovery and evaluation of ZT55, a novel highly-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of JAK2 V617F against myeloproliferative neoplasms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:49. [PMID: 30717771 PMCID: PMC6360668 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The JAK2-STAT signaling pathway plays a critical role in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). An activating mutation in JAK2 (V617F) is present in ~ 95% of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis cases. This study aims to explore the selective JAK2V617F inhibitor, evaluate the efficacy and possible mechanism of ZT55 on MPN. METHODS HTRF assays were conducted to evaluate the selective inhibition of ZT55 for JAKs. Cell apoptosis, proliferation, and cycle arrest assays were performed to examine the effect of ZT55 on HEL cell line with JAK2V617F mutation in vitro. Western analysis was used to monitor the expression and activity of proteins on JAK2/STAT pathway. A mice xenograft model was established to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of ZT55 in vivo. Peripheral blood samples from patients with the JAK2V617F mutation were collected to estimate the effect of ZT55 on erythroid colony formation by colony-forming assay. RESULTS We found that ZT55 showed a selective inhibition of a 0.031 μM IC50 value against JAK2. It exhibited potent effects on the cellular JAK-STAT pathway, inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation in JAK2V617F and downstream STAT3/5 transcription factors. ZT55 inhibited the proliferation of the JAK2V617F-expressing HEL cell line, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Notably, ZT55 also significantly suppressed the growth of HEL xenograft tumors in vivo. Further evaluation indicated that ZT55 blocked erythroid colony formation of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors from patients carrying the JAK2V617F mutation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that ZT55 is a highly-selective JAK2 inhibitor that can induce apoptosis of human erythroleukemia cells by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chengbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Hongli Zuo
- Department of Hematology, 307 Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Gaona Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiangong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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11
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Development of selective inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: (R)-3-(3-(Methyl(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile as a JAK1-selective inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1495-1510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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12
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Practical application of ligand efficiency metrics in lead optimisation. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3006-3015. [PMID: 29655612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of composite metrics that normalise biological potency values in relation to markers of physicochemical properties, such as size or lipophilicity, has gained a significant amount of traction with many medicinal chemists in recent years. However, there is no consensus on best practice in the area and their application has attracted some criticism. Here we present our approach to their application in lead optimisation projects, provide an objective discussion of the principles we consider important and illustrate how our use of lipophilic ligand efficiency enabled the progression of a number of our successful drug discovery projects. We derive, from this and some recent literature highlights, a set of heuristic guidelines for lipophilicity based optimisation that we believe are generally applicable across chemical series and protein targets.
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13
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Young RJ, Leeson PD. Mapping the Efficiency and Physicochemical Trajectories of Successful Optimizations. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6421-6467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Young
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul D. Leeson
- Paul Leeson Consulting Ltd., The Malt House, Main Street, Congerstone, Nuneaton, Warwickshire CV13 6LZ, U.K
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