1
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Xue F, Yang CJ, Tang T, He Z. Sequential annulation and isomerisation reaction of 3-acylmethylidene oxindoles with Huisgen zwitterions and synthesis of 5-(3-oxindolyl)oxazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8176-8181. [PMID: 37786314 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01199b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a facile synthesis of 5-(3-oxindolyl)oxazole derivatives via a sequential annulation and isomerisation reaction of 3-acylmethylidene oxindoles with in situ generated Huisgen zwitterions (HZs) from PPh3 and azodicarboxylates. This reaction exhibits good functional group tolerance with 30 examples of structurally diverse products prepared with moderate to good efficiencies (up to 88% yield), thus providing a generally applicable route to the biologically important 5-(3-indolyl)oxazole structural motifs. Key to the success of this sequential one-pot strategy is the utilization of DBU as a base to promote the isomerisation process of the corresponding intermediate annulation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixue Xue
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chang-Jiang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan 523000, China
- The Dongguan Key Laboratory for Data Science and Intelligent Medicine, Dongguan 523000, China.
| | - Tong Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Zhengjie He
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China.
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2
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Islam F, Dehbia Z, Zehravi M, Das R, Sivakumar M, Krishnan K, Billah AAM, Bose B, Ghosh A, Paul S, Nainu F, Ahmad I, Emran TB. Indole alkaloids from marine resources: Understandings from therapeutic point of view to treat cancers. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110682. [PMID: 37648047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality all over the world. Scientific investigation has demonstrated that disruptions in the process of autophagy are frequently interrelated with the emergence of cancer. Hence, scientists are seeking permanent solutions to counter the deadly disease. Indole alkaloids have been extensively studied and are acknowledged to exhibit several bioactivities. The current state of disease necessitates novel pharmacophores development. In recent decades, indole alkaloids have become increasingly significant in cancer treatment and are also used as adjuvants. A substantial amount of pharmacologically active molecules come from indole alkaloids, which are widely distributed in nature. Indole alkaloids derived from marine organisms show immense potential for therapeutic applications and seem highly effective in cancer treatment. A couple of experiments have been conducted preclinically to investigate the possibility of indole alkaloids in cancer treatment. Marine-derived indole alkaloids possess the ability to exhibit anticancer properties through diverse antiproliferative mechanisms. Certain indole alkaloids, including vincristine and vinblastine, were verified in clinical trials or are presently undergoing clinical assessments for preventing and treating cancer. Indole alkaloids from marine resources hold a significant functionality in identifying new antitumor agents. The current literature highlights recent advancements in indole alkaloids that appear to be anticancer agents and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Zerrouki Dehbia
- Laboratory of Agro - Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Sivakumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital BIHER (DU), Chromepet, Chennai, 600044, India
| | - Karthickeyan Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - Abdul Ajeed Mohathasim Billah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER (DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharadhan Bose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Avoy Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shyamjit Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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3
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Savelson E, Tepe JJ. One-Pot Friedel-Crafts/Robinson-Gabriel Synthesis of the Indole-Oxazole Scaffold and Its Application to the Synthesis of Breitfussins C, G, and H. J Org Chem 2023; 88:755-761. [PMID: 35235750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The indole-oxazole scaffold is found in a range of biologically active natural products, including the breitfussin family. Divergent methods that provide access to the indole-oxazole template are relatively scarce, which impedes the wider exploration of these natural products and their exciting biological activity. Herein, we describe a highly divergent synthesis of the indole-oxazole scaffold via a one-pot Friedel-Crafts/Robinson-Gabriel synthesis and the application of this methodology to the synthesis of breitfussins C, G, and H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Savelson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Jetze J Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
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4
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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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5
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Salimova EV, Parfenova LV. Fischer Reaction in the Synthesis of New Triterpene Indoles of the Fusidane Series. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Chen J, Lv S, Liu J, Yu Y, Wang H, Zhang H. An Overview of Bioactive 1,3-Oxazole-Containing Alkaloids from Marine Organisms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121274. [PMID: 34959674 PMCID: PMC8706051 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1,3-Oxazole chemicals are a unique class of five-membered monocyclic heteroarenes, containing a nitrogen atom and an oxygen. These alkaloids have attracted extensive attention from medicinal chemists and pharmacologists owing to their diverse arrays of chemical structures and biological activities, and a series of 1,3-oxazole derivatives has been developed into therapeutic agents (e.g., almoxatone, befloxatone, cabotegravir, delpazolid, fenpipalone, haloxazolam, inavolisib). A growing amount of evidence indicates that marine organisms are one of important sources of 1,3-oxazole-containing alkaloids. To improve our knowledge regarding these marine-derived substances, as many as 285 compounds are summarized in this review, which, for the first time, highlights their sources, structural features and biological properties, as well as their biosynthesis and chemical synthesis. Perspective for the future discovery of new 1,3-oxazole compounds from marine organisms is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (J.C.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Sunyan Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (J.C.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (J.C.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pharmaceutics of Delta Yangzi Region, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (J.C.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (J.C.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Hu Y, Chen S, Yang F, Dong S. Marine Indole Alkaloids-Isolation, Structure and Bioactivities. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:658. [PMID: 34940657 PMCID: PMC8708922 DOI: 10.3390/md19120658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole alkaloids are heterocyclic natural products with extensive pharmacological activities. As an important source of lead compounds, many clinical drugs have been derived from natural indole compounds. Marine indole alkaloids, from unique marine environments with high pressure, high salt and low temperature, exhibit structural diversity with various bioactivities, which attracts the attention of drug researchers. This article is a continuation of the previous two comprehensive reviews and covers the literature on marine indole alkaloids published from 2015 to 2021, with 472 new or structure-revised compounds categorized by sources into marine microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant-derived. The structures and bioactivities demonstrated in this article will benefit the synthesis and pharmacological activity study for marine indole alkaloids on their way to clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.H.); (S.C.); (F.Y.)
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8
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Seipp K, Geske L, Opatz T. Marine Pyrrole Alkaloids. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:514. [PMID: 34564176 PMCID: PMC8471394 DOI: 10.3390/md19090514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen heterocycles are essential parts of the chemical machinery of life and often reveal intriguing structures. They are not only widespread in terrestrial habitats but can also frequently be found as natural products in the marine environment. This review highlights the important class of marine pyrrole alkaloids, well-known for their diverse biological activities. A broad overview of the marine pyrrole alkaloids with a focus on their isolation, biological activities, chemical synthesis, and derivatization covering the decade from 2010 to 2020 is provided. With relevant structural subclasses categorized, this review shall provide a clear and timely synopsis of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (K.S.); (L.G.)
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9
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Base-promoted relay reaction of heterocyclic ketene aminals with o-difluorobenzene derivatives for the highly site-selective synthesis of functionalized indoles. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Carroll AR, Copp BR, Davis RA, Keyzers RA, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:362-413. [PMID: 33570537 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2019 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 719 citations (701 for the period January to December 2019) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 440 papers for 2019), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Methods used to study marine fungi and their chemical diversity have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. and Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia and School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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11
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Guttormsen Y, Fairhurst ME, Pandey SK, Isaksson J, Haug BE, Bayer A. Total Synthesis of Phorbazole B. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204848. [PMID: 33096668 PMCID: PMC7588006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phorbazoles are polychlorinated heterocyclic secondary metabolites isolated from a marine sponge and several of these natural products have shown inhibitory activity against cancer cells. In this work, a synthesis of the trichlorinated phorbazole B using late stage electrophilic chlorination was developed. The synthesis relied on the use of an oxazole precursor, which was protected with an iodine in the reactive 4-position, followed by complete chlorination of all pyrrole positions. Attempts to prepare phorbazole A and C, which contain a 3,4-dichlorinated pyrrole, were unsuccessful as the desired chlorination pattern on the pyrrole could not be obtained. The identities of the dichlorinated intermediates and products were determined using NMR techniques including NOESY/ROESY, 1,1-ADEQUATE and high-resolution CLIP-HSQMBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yngve Guttormsen
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
| | - Magnus E. Fairhurst
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Sunil K. Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
| | - Bengt Erik Haug
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.H.); (A.B.); Tel.: +47-55-58-34-68 (B.E.H.); +47-77-64-40-69 (A.B.)
| | - Annette Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.H.); (A.B.); Tel.: +47-55-58-34-68 (B.E.H.); +47-77-64-40-69 (A.B.)
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12
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Ndukwe IE, Lam YH, Pandey SK, Haug BE, Bayer A, Sherer EC, Blinov KA, Williamson RT, Isaksson J, Reibarkh M, Liu Y, Martin GE. Unequivocal structure confirmation of a breitfussin analog by anisotropic NMR measurements. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12081-12088. [PMID: 34094423 PMCID: PMC8162999 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03664a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural features of proton-deficient heteroaromatic natural products, such as the breitfussins, can severely complicate their characterization by NMR spectroscopy. For the breitfussins in particular, the constitution of the five-membered oxazole central ring cannot be unequivocally established via conventional NMR methods when the 4′-position is halogenated. The level of difficulty is exacerbated by 4′-iodination, as the accuracy with which theoretical NMR parameters are determined relies extensively on computational treatment of the relativistic effects of the iodine atom. It is demonstrated in the present study, that the structure of a 4′-iodo breitfussin analog can be unequivocally established by anisotropic NMR methods, by adopting a reduced singular value decomposition (SVD) protocol that leverages the planar structures exhibited by its conformers. Structural features of proton-deficient heteroaromatic natural products, such as the breitfussins, can severely complicate their characterization by NMR spectroscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikenna E Ndukwe
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
| | - Yu-Hong Lam
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA
| | - Sunil K Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 NO-5020 Bergen Norway
| | - Bengt E Haug
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 NO-5020 Bergen Norway
| | - Annette Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, UiT the Arctic University of Tromsø NO-9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Edward C Sherer
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
| | - Kirill A Blinov
- MestReLab Research S. L. Santiago de Compostela A Coruna 15706 Spain
| | - R Thomas Williamson
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT the Arctic University of Tromsø NO-9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
| | - Yizhou Liu
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
| | - Gary E Martin
- Analytical Research & Development, (Rahway), Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA
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13
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Xu D, Xu Z. Indole Alkaloids with Potential Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1938-1949. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200622150325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids, which are abundant in nature, are a significant source of pharmacologically
active compounds. Indole alkaloids have the potential to exert anticancer activity via various antiproliferative
mechanisms, and some of them, such as Vinblastine and Vincristinem, have already used in clinics
or under clinical evaluations for the treatment of cancers. Therefore, indole alkaloids occupy an important
position in the discovery of novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the recent development
of indole alkaloids as potential anticancer agents, their structure-activity relationship, and
mechanisms of action covering the articles published from 2015 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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14
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Hansen IKØ, Lövdahl T, Simonovic D, Hansen KØ, Andersen AJC, Devold H, Richard CSM, Andersen JH, Strøm MB, Haug T. Antimicrobial Activity of Small Synthetic Peptides Based on the Marine Peptide Turgencin A: Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptide Sequences in a Natural Peptide and Strategy for Optimization of Potency. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155460. [PMID: 32751755 PMCID: PMC7432809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Turgencin A, a potent antimicrobial peptide isolated from the Arctic sea squirt Synoicum turgens, consists of 36 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges, making it challenging to synthesize. The aim of the present study was to develop a truncated peptide with an antimicrobial drug lead potential based on turgencin A. The experiments consisted of: (1) sequence analysis and prediction of antimicrobial potential of truncated 10-mer sequences; (2) synthesis and antimicrobial screening of a lead peptide devoid of the cysteine residues; (3) optimization of in vitro antimicrobial activity of the lead peptide using an amino acid replacement strategy; and (4) screening the synthesized peptides for cytotoxic activities. In silico analysis of turgencin A using various prediction software indicated an internal, cationic 10-mer sequence to be putatively antimicrobial. The synthesized truncated lead peptide displayed weak antimicrobial activity. However, by following a systematic amino acid replacement strategy, a modified peptide was developed that retained the potency of the original peptide. The optimized peptide StAMP-9 displayed bactericidal activity, with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 7.8 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 3.9 µg/mL against Escherichia coli, and no cytotoxic effects against mammalian cells. Preliminary experiments indicate the bacterial membranes as immediate and primary targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida K. Ø. Hansen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (A.J.C.A.); (H.D.); (C.S.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.Ø.H.); (T.H.)
| | - Tomas Lövdahl
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (T.L.); (D.S.); (M.B.S.)
| | - Danijela Simonovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (T.L.); (D.S.); (M.B.S.)
| | - Kine Ø. Hansen
- Marbio, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (K.Ø.H.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Aaron J. C. Andersen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (A.J.C.A.); (H.D.); (C.S.M.R.)
| | - Hege Devold
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (A.J.C.A.); (H.D.); (C.S.M.R.)
| | - Céline S. M. Richard
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (A.J.C.A.); (H.D.); (C.S.M.R.)
| | - Jeanette H. Andersen
- Marbio, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (K.Ø.H.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Morten B. Strøm
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (T.L.); (D.S.); (M.B.S.)
| | - Tor Haug
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (A.J.C.A.); (H.D.); (C.S.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.Ø.H.); (T.H.)
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15
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Jia Y, Wen X, Gong Y, Wang X. Current scenario of indole derivatives with potential anti-drug-resistant cancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112359. [PMID: 32531682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is frequently hampered by drug resistance, so the resistance to anticancer agents represents one of the major obstacles for the effective cancer treatment. Indole derivatives have the potential to act on diverse targets in cancer cells and exhibit promising activity against drug-resistant cancers. Moreover, some indole-containing compounds such as Semaxanib, Sunitinib, Vinorelbine, and Vinblastine have already been applied in clinics for various kinds of cancer even drug-resistant cancer therapy. Thus, indole derivatives are one of significant resources for the development of novel anti-drug-resistant cancer agents. This review focuses on the recent development of indole derivatives with potential therapeutic application for drug-resistant cancers, and the mechanisms of action, the critical aspects of design as well as structure-activity relationships, covering articles published from 2010 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshu Jia
- Chongqing Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, 400056, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wen
- The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Yufeng Gong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province, 311800, China.
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