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Sharma V, Sharma A, Wadje BN, Bharate SB. Benzopyrone, a privileged scaffold in drug discovery: An overview of FDA-approved drugs and clinical candidates. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38532246 DOI: 10.1002/med.22032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have always served as an important source of drugs for treating various diseases. Among various privileged natural product scaffolds, the benzopyrone class of compounds has a substantial presence among biologically active compounds. One of the pioneering anticoagulant drugs, warfarin approved in 1954 bears a benzo-α-pyrone (coumarin) nucleus. The widely investigated psoriasis drugs, methoxsalen, and trioxsalen, also contain a benzo-α-pyrone nucleus. Benzo-γ-pyrone (chromone) containing drugs, cromoglic acid, and pranlukast were approved as treatments for asthma in 1982 and 2007, respectively. Numerous other small molecules with a benzopyrone core are under clinical investigation. The present review discusses the discovery, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion properties, and synthetic approaches for the Food and Drug Administration-approved and clinical-stage benzopyrone class of compounds. The role of the pyrone core in biological activity has also been discussed. The present review unravels the potential of benzopyrone core in medicinal chemistry and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venu Sharma
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ankita Sharma
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhagyashri N Wadje
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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2
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Dos Santos Silva E, Matos MJ, Maistro EL. Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-hydroxycoumarin. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1488-1498. [PMID: 37118884 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of natural and synthetic coumarins present therapeutic potential. Therefore, the assessment of their safety for humans is essential. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-8-hydroxycoumarin is a coumarin derivative with antioxidant properties, among other biological activities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of this molecule on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2/C3A). The results obtained for the cytotoxicity assays, evaluated by the trypan blue staining assay, using concentrations between 0.1 and 20 μg/mL, showed that there is no decrease in cell viability for both cell lines. The MTT assay showed a significant decrease in the viability of HepG2/C3A cells at the highest concentrations tested, after 48 h, for all the tested concentrations, after 72 h of exposure. Regarding the genotoxic assays, the data obtained by the comet assay and the micronucleus test, up to the tested concentration of 10 μg/mL, do not show significant DNA damage and/or chromosomal mutations, for both cell lines. However, at the highest tested concentration of 20 μg/mL, a small but significant genotoxic effect was observed in PBMC. In view of the observed results, it can be concluded that the 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-hydroxycoumarin, up to a concentration of 10 μg/mL, does not present genotoxic effects in human cells with and without liver enzymes metabolism. Additional studies with higher concentrations of this molecule need to be performed to address its complete biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria João Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, FAMEMA, Marília, Brazil
- Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Marília, Brazil
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3
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Castanha APM, Almeida-Terassi LM, Guardado-Yordi E, Matos MJ, Maistro EL. Cytogenotoxicity assessment of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxycoumarin on HepG2/C3A cells and leukocytes. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:323-334. [PMID: 36000810 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxycoumarin is a newly synthesized coumarin derivative with a potent antioxidant effect. The aim of the present study is to investigate the safety of this compound, determining the in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in HepG2/C3A cells. Cell viability has been investigated by the trypan blue staining test and MTT assay and the genotoxicity by the comet assay and micronucleus test, using concentrations between 0.01 and 10 μg/ml. The compound proved to be noncytotoxic in both cell lines, at all tested concentrations, protecting the cells from the DNA damage. In addition, this molecule does not show clastogenic/aneugenic effects when performing the micronucleus test with cytokinesis blockade. Based on the obtained data, and the conditions of the experiments, we can conclude that the 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxycoumarin is a safe molecule up to a concentration of 10 μg/ml, which encourages further studies aiming to explore its potential as a drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria João Matos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Marilia Medical School, FAMEMA, Marilia, Brazil.,Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Marília, Brazil
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4
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Zhang Q, Miao YH, Liu T, Yun YL, Sun XY, Yang T, Sun J. Natural source, bioactivity and synthesis of 3-Arylcoumarin derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1023-1042. [PMID: 35438580 PMCID: PMC9037183 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2058499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
3-arylcoumarins with different pharmacological properties widely exist in a variety of natural plants. The extensive research on 3-arylcoumarins was attributed to its therapeutic and relatively easy isolation. Therefore, 3-arylcoumarins can be recognised as useful structures for the design of novel compounds with potential pharmacological interest, particularly in the fields of anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme inhibition, etc. The current review highlights the biological activities, design, and chemical synthetic methods of 3-arylcoumarins derivatives as well as their important natural product sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Hang Miao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yin-Ling Yun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Sun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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5
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Hasanpour Galehban M, Zeynizadeh B, Mousavi H. Diverse and efficient catalytic applications of new cockscomb flower-like Fe 3O 4@SiO 2@KCC-1@MPTMS@Cu II mesoporous nanocomposite in the environmentally benign reduction and reductive acetylation of nitroarenes and one-pot synthesis of some coumarin compounds. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11164-11189. [PMID: 35479105 PMCID: PMC9020196 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08763k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, Fe3O4@SiO2@KCC-1@MPTMS@CuII as a new cockscomb flower-like mesoporous nanocomposite was prepared and characterized by various techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEM-based energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) analyses. The as-prepared Fe3O4@SiO2@KCC-1@MPTMS@CuII mesoporous nanocomposite exhibited satisfactory catalytic activity in the reduction and reductive acetylation of nitroarenes in a water medium and solvent-free one-pot synthesis of some coumarin compounds including 3,3'-(arylmethylene)bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-ones) (namely, bis-coumarins) (3a-n) and 2-amino-4-aryl-7,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles (6a-n) along with acceptable turnover numbers (TONs) and turnover frequencies (TOFs). Furthermore, the mentioned CuII-containing mesoporous nanocatalyst was conveniently recovered by a magnet from reaction environments and reused for at least seven cycles without any significant loss in activity, which confirms its good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behzad Zeynizadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | - Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University Urmia Iran
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6
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Kowalczyk J, Nakos-Bimpos M, Polissidis A, Dalla C, Kokras N, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Budzyńska B. Imperatorin Influences Depressive-like Behaviors: A Preclinical Study on Behavioral and Neurochemical Sex Differences. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041179. [PMID: 35208969 PMCID: PMC8875245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Imperatorin, a naturally derived furanocoumarin, exerts promising neuropharmacological properties. Therefore, it might be applicable in the treatment of brain diseases such as depression. In the present project, we aimed to investigate the sex-dependent effects of imperatorin (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) on behavior and neurochemistry associated with antidepressant effects. The depressive-like behaviors of male and female Swiss mice were investigated in a forced swim test (FST). Subsequently, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the level of serotonin, its metabolite, 5-HIAA, and noradrenaline, in mouse brains. The study revealed that only males responded to imperatorin (1 and 5 mg/kg) treatment and caused an antidepressant effect, such as with respect to depressive-like behaviors, lowering immobility time and increasing immobility latency. The HPLC analysis demonstrated that serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex of females decreased with the middle dose of imperatorin (5 mg/kg), while in the male prefrontal cortex, the lower dose (1 mg/kg) boosted serotonin levels. There were no evident changes observed with respect to noradrenaline and serotonin metabolite levels in the male hippocampus. To conclude, we propose that imperatorin has antidepressant potential, seemingly only in males, influencing brain serotonin level, but the direct mechanism of action requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kowalczyk
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Modestos Nakos-Bimpos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexia Polissidis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Christina Dalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Kokras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.K.)
- First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (B.B.)
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7
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Matos MJ, Uriarte E, Santana L. 3-Phenylcoumarins as a Privileged Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry: The Landmarks of the Past Decade. Molecules 2021; 26:6755. [PMID: 34771164 PMCID: PMC8587835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Phenylcoumarins are a family of heterocyclic molecules that are widely used in both organic and medicinal chemistry. In this overview, research on this scaffold, since 2010, is included and discussed, focusing on aspects related to its natural origin, synthetic procedures and pharmacological applications. This review paper is based on the most relevant literature related to the role of 3-phenylcoumarins in the design of new drug candidates. The references presented in this review have been collected from multiple electronic databases, including SciFinder, Pubmed and Mendeley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Matos
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto (CIQUP), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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8
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Saini A, Patel R, Gaba S, Singh G, Gupta GD, Monga V. Adenosine receptor antagonists: Recent advances and therapeutic perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113907. [PMID: 34695776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous purine-based nucleoside expressed nearly in all body tissues. It regulates various body functions by activating four G-protein coupled receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. These receptors are widely acknowledged as drug targets for treating different neurological, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Although numerous adenosine receptor inhibitors have been developed worldwide, achieving target selectivity is still a big hurdle in drug development. However, the identification of specific radioligands-based affinity assay, fluorescent ligands, and MS-based ligand assay have contributed to the development of selective and potent adenosine ligands. In recent years various small heterocyclic-based molecules have shown some promising results. Istradefylline has been approved for treating Parkinson's in Japan, while preladenant, tozadenant, CVT-6883, MRS-1523, and many more are under different phases of clinical development. The present review is focused on the quest to develop potent and selective adenosine inhibitors from 2013 to early 2021 by various research groups. The review also highlights their biological activity, selectivity, structure-activity relationship, molecular docking, and mechanistic studies. A special emphsesis on drug designing strategies has been also given the manuscript. The comprehensive compilation of research work carried out in the field will provide inevitable scope for designing and developing novel adenosine inhibitors with improved selectivity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rajiv Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sobhi Gaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
| | - G D Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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9
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Matthee C, Terre'Blanche G, Legoabe LJ, Janse van Rensburg HD. Exploration of chalcones and related heterocycle compounds as ligands of adenosine receptors: therapeutics development. Mol Divers 2021; 26:1779-1821. [PMID: 34176057 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are ubiquitously distributed throughout the mammalian body where they are involved in an extensive list of physiological and pathological processes that scientists have only begun to decipher. Resultantly, AR agonists and antagonists have been the focus of multiple drug design and development programmes within the past few decades. Considered to be a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry, the chalcone framework has attracted a substantial amount of interest in this regard. Due to the potential liabilities associated with its structure, however, it has become necessary to explore other potentially promising compounds, such as heterocycles, which have successfully been obtained from chalcone precursors in the past. This review aims to summarise the emerging therapeutic importance of adenosine receptors and their ligands, especially in the central nervous system (CNS), while highlighting chalcone and heterocyclic derivatives as promising AR ligand lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrisna Matthee
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, North West, South Africa
| | - Gisella Terre'Blanche
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, North West, South Africa.,Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, North West, South Africa
| | - Lesetja J Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, North West, South Africa
| | - Helena D Janse van Rensburg
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, North West, South Africa.
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10
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Jacobson KA, IJzerman AP, Müller CE. Medicinal chemistry of P2 and adenosine receptors: Common scaffolds adapted for multiple targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 187:114311. [PMID: 33130128 PMCID: PMC8081756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prof. Geoffrey Burnstock originated the concept of purinergic signaling. He demonstrated the interactions and biological roles of ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors. This review paper traces the historical origins of many currently used antagonists and agonists for P2 receptors, as well as adenosine receptors, in early attempts to identify ligands for these receptors - prior to the use of chemical libraries for screening. Rather than presenting a general review of current purinergic ligands, we focus on common chemical scaffolds (privileged scaffolds) that can be adapted for multiple receptor targets. By carefully analyzing the structure activity relationships, one can direct the selectivity of these scaffolds toward different receptor subtypes. For example, the weak and non-selective P2 antagonist reactive blue 2 (RB-2) was derivatized using combinatorial synthetic approaches, leading to the identification of selective P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y12 or P2X2 receptor antagonists. A P2X4 antagonist NC-2600 is in a clinical trial, and A3 adenosine agonists show promise, for chronic pain. P2X7 antagonists have been in clinical trials for depression (JNJ-54175446), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory pain and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). P2X3 antagonists are in clinical trials for chronic cough, and an antagonist named after Burnstock, gefapixant, is expected to be the first P2X3 antagonist filed for approval. We are seeing that the vision of Prof. Burnstock to use purinergic signaling modulators, most recently at P2XRs, for treating disease is coming to fruition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, LACDR, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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11
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Carneiro A, Matos MJ, Uriarte E, Santana L. Trending Topics on Coumarin and Its Derivatives in 2020. Molecules 2021; 26:501. [PMID: 33477785 PMCID: PMC7832358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins are naturally occurring molecules with a versatile range of activities. Their structural and physicochemical characteristics make them a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. Many research articles and reviews compile information on this important family of compounds. In this overview, the most recent research papers and reviews from 2020 are organized and analyzed, and a discussion on these data is included. Multiple electronic databases were scanned, including SciFinder, Mendeley, and PubMed, the latter being the main source of information. Particular attention was paid to the potential of coumarins as an important scaffold in drug design, as well as fluorescent probes for decaging of prodrugs, metal detection, and diagnostic purposes. Herein we do an analysis of the trending topics related to coumarin and its derivatives in the broad field of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Carneiro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Maria João Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (E.U.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (E.U.)
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (E.U.)
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12
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Vazquez-Rodriguez S, Vilar S, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Uriarte E, Borges F, Matos MJ. Adenosine Receptor Ligands: Coumarin-Chalcone Hybrids as Modulating Agents on the Activity of hARs. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184306. [PMID: 32961824 PMCID: PMC7571217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) play an important role in neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy and schizophrenia. The different subtypes of ARs and the knowledge on their densities and status are important for understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diseases and for developing new therapeutics. Looking for new scaffolds for selective AR ligands, coumarin–chalcone hybrids were synthesized (compounds 1–8) and screened in radioligand binding (hA1, hA2A and hA3) and adenylyl cyclase (hA2B) assays in order to evaluate their affinity for the four human AR subtypes (hARs). Coumarin–chalcone hybrid has been established as a new scaffold suitable for the development of potent and selective ligands for hA1 or hA3 subtypes. In general, hydroxy-substituted hybrids showed some affinity for the hA1, while the methoxy counterparts were selective for the hA3. The most potent hA1 ligand was compound 7 (Ki = 17.7 µM), whereas compound 4 was the most potent ligand for hA3 (Ki = 2.49 µM). In addition, docking studies with hA1 and hA3 homology models were established to analyze the structure–function relationships. Results showed that the different residues located on the protein binding pocket could play an important role in ligand selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleta Vazquez-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.V.); (E.U.)
- Correspondence: (S.V.-R.); or (M.J.M.)
| | - Santiago Vilar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.V.); (E.U.)
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, 97078, Würzburg, Germany; (S.K.); (K.-N.K.)
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, 97078, Würzburg, Germany; (S.K.); (K.-N.K.)
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.V.); (E.U.)
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Maria João Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.V.); (E.U.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (S.V.-R.); or (M.J.M.)
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Breidenbach J, Bartz U, Gütschow M. Coumarin as a structural component of substrates and probes for serine and cysteine proteases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140445. [PMID: 32405284 PMCID: PMC7219385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins represent well-established structures to introduce fluorescence into tool compounds for biochemical investigations. They are valued for their small size, chemical stability and accessibility as well as their tunable photochemical properties. As components of fluorophore/quencher pairs or FRET donor/acceptor pairs, coumarins have frequently been applied in substrate mapping approaches for serine and cysteine proteases. This review also focuses on the incorporation of coumarins into the side chain of amino acids and the exploitation of the resulting fluorescent amino acids for the positional profiling of protease substrates. The protease-inhibiting properties of certain coumarin derivatives and the utilization of coumarin moieties to assemble activity-based probes for serine and cysteine proteases are discussed as well. Coumarins represent well-established structures to introduce fluorescence into tool compounds for biochemical investigations. They are valued for their small size, chemical stability and accessibility as well as their tunable photochemical properties. Coumarins are components of fluorophore/quencher pairs or FRET donor/acceptor pairs in substrate mapping of proteases. Coumarins have been incorporated into amino acids side chains to be used for the positional profiling of protease substrates. Coumarins have protease-inhibiting properties and are used for activity-based probes for serine and cysteine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Breidenbach
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bartz
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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