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Zhang ZY, Li Y, Yu JH, Zhao JX, Yue JM. Lauinoids A-X: Labdane-type diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activity from Croton laui. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 223:114138. [PMID: 38762154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Croton laui (Euphorbiaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant used by the Li ethnic group in China to treat headaches, stomachaches, and diphtheria. To understand the pharmacological basis of its medicinal use, an extensive investigation of the ethanolic extract of the bark of C. laui was performed. After repeated chromatography, twenty-four undescribed labdane-type diterpenoids, lauinoids A-X (1-24), and five known analogs (25-29) were isolated. Their structures and absolute configurations were established using a combination of spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Among them, compounds 1-3 exhibited an 11(12 → 13)-abeo-16-nor-labdane skeleton, which originated putatively from 9 through a plausible pathway that involves a semipinacol rearrangement process. Compounds 11 and 12 belong to the rare class of 14,15-dinor-labdane diterpenoids. Compounds 18 and 28 exhibited substantial inhibitory effects by suppressing lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 3.37 ± 0.23 and 5.82 ± 0.28 μM, respectively. This study has greatly expanded the chemical diversity of labdane diterpenoids from C. laui and will guide future research on this ethnomedicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hai Yu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, People's Republic of China.
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Tahmasebi A, Jamali B, Atabaki V, Sarker SD, Nahar L, Min HJ, Lee CW. A comprehensive review of the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of two Iranian Rydingia species (Lamiaceae). Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106026. [PMID: 38768794 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Rydingia michauxii and R. persica, respectively, known as Kase Gol and Goldar in Persian, belong to the family Lamiaceae and they are well known herbal medicine in Iran for the treatment of various diseases, particularly diabetes. This review aims to appraise the phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and pharmacological activities of Rydingia species growing in Iran and assess their potential in clinical applications. Besides, it critically evaluates existing literature and looks into the perspective for further research and utilization. All available scientific literature was consulted using the database searches involving Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science applying the keyword Rydingia and its Syn; Otostegia. Only the search results that are associated with the Iranian species R. michauxii and R. persica are included in this review. α-pinene, carvacrol, caryophyllene oxide, diisooctyl phthalate, dillapiole, eugenol, hexadecanoic acid, and pentacosane are the major constituents of the essential oils of the Rydingia species. Additionally, these species produce bioactive flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and terpenoids. Extracts and active compounds from Rydingia species have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and lipid-lowering properties. Based on the information available to date on the Iranian Rydingia species, it will be worth subjecting these species to further developmental work involving preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminallah Tahmasebi
- Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Plant Protection Research Group, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Babak Jamali
- Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Vahideh Atabaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Hye Jung Min
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Gwangju Women's University, Gwangju 62396, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Wang N, Zhang L, Yu J, Chang K, Fan M, Liu Z, Ma L, Cao J, Huang G. Identification of an Alepterolic Acid Derivative as a Potent Anti-Breast-Cancer Agent via Inhibition of the Akt/p70 S6K Signaling Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301248. [PMID: 37739929 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Alepterolic acid is a diterpene occurring in the fern Aleuritopteris argentea with potential biological activity that warrants further structural modification. In the present work, sixteen alepterolic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities. Among them, N-[m-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] alepterolamide displayed comparable activity (IC50=4.20±0.21 μM) in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, mechanistic investigations indicated this compound was significantly capable of diminishing cell proliferation and viability of MCF-7 cells. After treatment with N-[m-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] alepterolamide, a significant increase in cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Bax/Bcl2 ratio were observed in MCF-7 cells, leading to caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways. Further studies showed this compound promoted cellular apoptosis and inhibited migration in MCF-7 cells via modulation of the Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway. All these results revealed the potential of N-[m-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] alepterolamide as an appealing therapeutic drug candidate for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 201418, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 201418, P.R. China
| | - Kaili Chang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Minghui Fan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 201418, P.R. China
| | - Guozheng Huang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 201418, P.R. China
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Criollo-Mendoza MS, Contreras-Angulo LA, Leyva-López N, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP, Jiménez-Ortega LA, Heredia JB. Wound Healing Properties of Natural Products: Mechanisms of Action. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020598. [PMID: 36677659 PMCID: PMC9867334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A wound is the loss of the normal integrity, structure, and functions of the skin due to a physical, chemical, or mechanical agent. Wound repair consists of an orderly and complex process divided into four phases: coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The potential of natural products in the treatment of wounds has been reported in numerous studies, emphasizing those with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, e.g., alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, essential oils, and polyphenols from different plant sources, since these compounds can interact in the various stages of the wound healing process. This review addresses the most current in vitro and in vivo studies on the wound healing potential of natural products, as well as the main mechanisms involved in this activity. We observed sufficient evidence of the activity of these compounds in the treatment of wounds; however, we also found that there is no consensus on the effective concentrations in which the natural products exert this activity. For this reason, it is important to work on establishing optimal treatment doses, as well as an appropriate route of administration. In addition, more research should be carried out to discover the possible side effects and the behavior of natural products in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn S. Criollo-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Laura A. Contreras-Angulo
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Nayely Leyva-López
- Post-Doc. CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Luis Alfonso Jiménez-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Alginate-pectin microparticles loaded with nanoemulsions as nanocomposites for wound healing. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 13:1343-1357. [PMID: 36512287 PMCID: PMC10102150 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis work combines natural polymers with nanoemulsions (NEs) to formulate nanocomposites as an innovative wound dressing. Spray-drying has been used to produce alginate-pectin in situ gelling powders as carriers for NEs loaded with curcumin (CCM), a model antimicrobial drug. The influence of NEs encapsulation in polymer-based microparticles was studied in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, and stability after spray-drying. NEs loading did not affect the size of microparticles which was around 3.5 µm, while the shape and surface morphology analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) changed from irregular to spherical. Nanocomposites as dried powders were able to form a gel in less than 5 min when in contact with simulated wound fluid (SWF), while the value of moisture transmission of the in situ formed hydrogels allowed to promote good wound transpiration. Moreover, rheologic analyses showed that in situ formed gels loaded with NEs appeared more elastic than blank formulations. The in situ formed gel allowed the prolonged release of CCM-loaded NEs in the wound bed, reaching 100% in 24 h. Finally, powders cytocompatibility was confirmed by incubation with keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), proving that such nanocomposites can be considered a potential candidate for wound dressings.
Graphical Abstract
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Ge J, Liu Z, Zhong Z, Wang L, Zhuo X, Li J, Jiang X, Ye XY, Xie T, Bai R. Natural terpenoids with anti-inflammatory activities: Potential leads for anti-inflammatory drug discovery. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sut S, Tahmasebi A, Ferri N, Ferrarese I, Rossi I, Panighel G, Lupo MG, Maggi F, Karami A, Dall’Acqua S. NMR, LC-MS Characterization of Rydingia michauxii Extracts, Identification of Natural Products Acting as Modulators of LDLR and PCSK9. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072256. [PMID: 35408655 PMCID: PMC9000307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rydingia michauxii (Briq.) Scheen and V.A.Albert (Lamiaceae) is used in Iranian traditional medicine to treat malaria, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, rheumatism and cardiovascular diseases. NMR and LC-DAD-MSn analyses were used to establish extract composition and phenylethanoid, flavonoid glycosides, lignans, labdane diterpenes and iridoids were identified and quantified. The main constituents were isolated, and structures were elucidated based on NMR, polarimetric and MS measurements. A new natural compound, ent-labda-8(17),13-dien-18-glucopyranosyl ester-15,16-olide is described here. The effects of ent-labda-8(17),13-dien-18-oic acid-15,16-olide (1), ent-labda-8(17),13-dien-18-glucopyranosyl es-ter-15,16-olide (2), antirrhinoside (3), echinacoside (4), verbascoside (5), and apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside (6), on the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), were studied in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line Huh7. Among the six constituents, (3) showed the strongest induction of the LDLR (3.7 ± 2.2 fold vs. control) and PCSK9 (3.2 ± 1.5 fold vs. control) at a concentration of 50 µM. The in vitro observations indicated a potential lipid lowering activity of (3) with a statin-like mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
| | - Aminallah Tahmasebi
- Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 79177, Iran;
- Plant Protection Research Group, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 79177, Iran
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy;
| | - Irene Ferrarese
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
| | - Giovanni Panighel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Lupo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Akbar Karami
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7134754331, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (I.F.); (I.R.); (G.P.); (M.G.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.D.)
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Calderón-Rangel D, García-Gutiérrez HA, del Río RE, Thomassigny C. Alpha-amination of labdane-type diterpenes by organocatalysis. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2032174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón-Rangel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Mexico
- ILV, UVSQ, CNRS 8180, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Hugo A. García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Rosa E. del Río
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Mexico
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Zajdel K, Kucharska E, Kowalczyk T, Zajdel R. The Modulatory Influence of Plant-Derived Compounds on Human Keratinocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12488. [PMID: 34830374 PMCID: PMC8618348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a rich source of secondary metabolites with numerous properties, including the potential to modify keratinocyte biology. Keratinocytes are important epithelial cells that play a protective role against various chemical, physical and biological stimuli, and participate in reactive oxygen scavenging and inflammation and wound healing processes. The epidermal cell response may be modulated by phytochemicals via changes in signal transduction pathways. Plant extracts and single secondary compounds can possess a high antioxidant capacity and may suppress reactive oxygen species release, inhibit pro-apoptotic proteins and apoptosis and activate antioxidant enzymes in keratinocytes. Moreover, selected plant extracts and single compounds also exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and exposure may result in limited production of adhesion molecules, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in keratinocytes. In addition, plant extracts and single compounds may promote keratinocyte motility and proliferation via the regulation of growth factor production and enhance wound healing. While such plant compounds may modulate keratinocyte functions, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed on their mechanisms of action, and more specific toxicity and clinical studies are needed to ensure their effectiveness and safety for use on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kucharska
- Chair of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Social Work at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Ignatianum Academy in Cracow, 31-501 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
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Marcarino MO, Cicetti S, Zanardi MM, Sarotti AM. A critical review on the use of DP4+ in the structural elucidation of natural products: the good, the bad and the ugly. A practical guide. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:58-76. [PMID: 34212963 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00030f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 up to the end of 2020Even in the golden age of NMR, the number of natural products being incorrectly assigned is becoming larger every day. The use of quantum NMR calculations coupled with sophisticated data analysis provides ideal complementary tools to facilitate the elucidation process in challenging cases. Among the current computational methodologies to perform this task, the DP4+ probability is a popular and widely used method. This updated version of Goodman's DP4 synergistically combines NMR calculations at higher levels of theory with the Bayesian analysis of both scaled and unscaled data. Since its publication in late 2015, the use of DP4+ to solve controversial natural products has substantially grown, with several predictions being confirmed by total synthesis. To date, the structures of more than 200 natural products were determined with the aid of DP4+. However, all that glitters is not gold. Besides its intrinsic limitations, on many occasions it has been improperly used with potentially important consequences on the quality of the assignment. Herein we present a critical revision on how the scientific community has been using DP4+, exploring the strengths of the method and how to obtain optimal results from it. We also analyze the weaknesses of DP4+, and the paths to by-pass them to maximize the confidence in the structural elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel O Marcarino
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Soledad Cicetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - María M Zanardi
- Instituto de Ingeniería Ambiental, Química y Biotecnología Aplicada (INGEBIO), Facultad de Química e Ingeniería del Rosario, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Pellegrini 3314, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Ariel M Sarotti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
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Yin FZ, Yao LG, Zhang ZY, Wang JR, Wang H, Guo YW. Polyoxygenated cembranoids from the Hainan soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Alizadeh Z, Farimani MM, Parisi V, Marzocco S, Ebrahimi SN, De Tommasi N. Nor-abietane Diterpenoids from Perovskia abrotanoides Roots with Anti-inflammatory Potential. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1185-1197. [PMID: 33749273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the roots of Perovskia abrotanoides yielded 28 diterpenoids, including 12 new analogues, 1-12. The structures of these diterpenoids were established using comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy, and comparison with literature data. The extract and some of the tested compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory activity on J774A.1 macrophage cells stimulated with E. coli lipopolysaccharide. In particular, the tested compounds significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide and the expression of related proinflammatory enzymes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Mahdi M Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Samad N Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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