Penicisteckins A-F, Isochroman-Derived Atropisomeric Dimers from Penicillium steckii HNNU-5B18

Novel Bioactive Natural Products from Marine-Derived Penicillium Fungi: A Review (2021-2023)

Marine-derived Penicillium fungi are productive sources of structurally unique and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites, representing a hot topic in natural product research. This review describes structural diversity, bioactivities and statistical research of 452 new natural products from marine-derived Penicillium fungi covering 2021 to 2023. Sediments are the main sources of marine-derived Penicillium fungi for producing nearly 56% new natural products. Polyketides, alkaloids, and terpenoids displayed diverse biological activities and are the major contributors to antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory capacities. Polyketides had higher proportions of new bioactive compounds in new compounds than other chemical classes. The characteristics of studies in recent years are presented.

Two Decarestrictine Analogs from the Soil-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. YUD18003 Associated with Gastrodia elata

Two new decarestrictine analogs decarestrictine P and penicitone, together with eight known homologous compounds were isolated from the soil fungus from the rhizosphere of Penicillium sp. YUD18003 related to Gastrodia elata. Their different structures include a decanolides decartestridine P and a long-chain polyhydroxyketone penicitone. The structures of new compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), while their absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic methods, DP4+ probability analysis, modified Snatzke's method and electron circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activities.

Marine natural products

Covering: January to December 2021This review covers the literature published in 2021 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 736 citations (724 for the period January to December 2021) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1425 in 416 papers for 2021), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. An analysis of the number of authors, their affiliations, domestic and international collection locations, focus of MNP studies, citation metrics and journal choices is discussed.