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Luiz-Ferreira A, Pacifico T, Cruz ÁC, Laudisi F, Monteleone G, Stolfi C. TRAIL-Sensitizing Effects of Flavonoids in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16596. [PMID: 38068921 PMCID: PMC10706592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) represents a promising anticancer agent, as it selectively induces apoptosis in transformed cells without altering the cellular machinery of healthy cells. Unfortunately, the presence of TRAIL resistance mechanisms in a variety of cancer types represents a major hurdle, thus limiting the use of TRAIL as a single agent. Accumulating studies have shown that TRAIL-mediated apoptosis can be facilitated in resistant tumors by combined treatment with antitumor agents, ranging from synthetic molecules to natural products. Among the latter, flavonoids, the most prevalent polyphenols in plants, have shown remarkable competence in improving TRAIL-driven apoptosis in resistant cell lines as well as tumor-bearing mice with minimal side effects. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms, such as the upregulation of death receptor (DR)4 and DR5 and downregulation of key anti-apoptotic proteins [e.g., cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), survivin], underlying the TRAIL-sensitizing properties of different classes of flavonoids (e.g., flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, chalcones, prenylflavonoids). Finally, we discuss limitations, mainly related to bioavailability issues, and future perspectives regarding the clinical use of flavonoids as adjuvant agents in TRAIL-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Luiz-Ferreira
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Catalão (UFCAT), Catalão 75704020, GO, Brazil;
| | - Teresa Pacifico
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.P.); (F.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Álefe Cardoso Cruz
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Catalão (UFCAT), Catalão 75704020, GO, Brazil;
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.P.); (F.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.P.); (F.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Carmine Stolfi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.P.); (F.L.); (G.M.)
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Koo JI, Sim DY, Lee HJ, Ahn CH, Park J, Park SY, Lee D, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. Apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect of Morusin via ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling in prostate cancer cells. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4473-4487. [PMID: 37288731 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Though Morusin is known to induce apoptotic, antiprolifertaive, and autophagic effects through several signaling pathways, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Morusin still remain unclear until now. To elucidate antitumor mechanism of Morusin, cytotoxicity assay, cell cycle analysis, Western blotting, TUNEL assay, RNA interference, immunofluorescense, immunoprecipitation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and inhibitor study were applied in this study. Morusin enhanced cytotoxicity, increased the number of TUNEL positive cells, sub-G1 population and induced the cleavages of PARP and caspase3, attenuated the expression of HK2, PKM2, LDH, c-Myc, and Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) along with the reduction of glucose, lactate, and ATP in DU145 and PC3 cells. Furthermore, Morusin disrupted the binding of c-Myc and FOXM1 in PC-3 cells, which was supported by String and cBioportal database. Notably, Morusin induced c-Myc degradation mediated by FBW7 and suppressed c-Myc stability in PC3 cells exposed to MG132 and cycloheximide. Also, Morusin generated ROS, while NAC disrupted the capacity of Morusin to reduce the expression of FOXM1, c-Myc, pro-PARP, and pro-caspase3 in PC-3 cells. Taken together, these findings provide scientific evidence that ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling axis plays a critical role in Morusin induced apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect in prostate cancer cells. Our findings support scientific evidence that ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling axis is critically involved in apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect of Morusin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Il Koo
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JiEon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dain Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Thang M, Mellows C, Mercer-Smith A, Nguyen P, Hingtgen S. Current approaches in enhancing TRAIL therapies in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad047. [PMID: 37215952 PMCID: PMC10195206 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent, aggressive, primary brain cancer in adults and continues to pose major medical challenges due in part to its high rate of recurrence. Extensive research is underway to discover new therapies that target GBM cells and prevent the inevitable recurrence in patients. The pro-apoptotic protein tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has attracted attention as an ideal anticancer agent due to its ability to selectively kill cancer cells with minimal toxicity in normal cells. Although initial clinical evaluations of TRAIL therapies in several cancers were promising, later stages of clinical trial results indicated that TRAIL and TRAIL-based therapies failed to demonstrate robust efficacies due to poor pharmacokinetics, resulting in insufficient concentrations of TRAIL at the therapeutic site. However, recent studies have developed novel ways to prolong TRAIL bioavailability at the tumor site and efficiently deliver TRAIL and TRAIL-based therapies using cellular and nanoparticle vehicles as drug loading cargos. Additionally, novel techniques have been developed to address monotherapy resistance, including modulating biomarkers associated with TRAIL resistance in GBM cells. This review highlights the promising work to overcome the challenges of TRAIL-based therapies with the aim to facilitate improved TRAIL efficacy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morrent Thang
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clara Mellows
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alison Mercer-Smith
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Michigan State University School of Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Shawn Hingtgen
- Corresponding Author: Shawn Hingtgen, PhD, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7363, USA ()
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4
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Han S, Kim H, Lee MY, Lee J, Ahn KS, Ha IJ, Lee SG. Anti-Cancer Effects of a New Herbal Medicine PSY by Inhibiting the STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells and Its Phytochemical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314826. [PMID: 36499154 PMCID: PMC9740770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an inflammation-associated common cancer worldwide. Paejang-san and Mori Cortex Radicis have been traditionally used for treating intestinal inflammatory diseases in Korea and China. In the present study, we developed a new herbal formula as an alternative to CRC treatments, which is composed of two main components of Paejangsan (Patriniae Radix (Paejang in Korean) and Coix Seed (Yiyiin in Korean)), and Mori Cortex Radicis (Sangbekpi in Korean) based on the addition and subtraction theory in traditional medicine, hence the name PSY, and explored the potential therapeutic effects of the new formula PSY in human CRC cells by analyzing viability, cell cycle and apoptosis. We found that PSY ethanol extract (EtOH-Ex), but not water extract, significantly suppressed the viability of human CRC cells, and synergistically decreased the cell proliferation compared to each treatment of Patriniae Radix and Coix Seed extract (PY) or Mori Cortex Radicis extract (S), suggesting the combination of PY and S in a 10-to-3 ratio for the formula PSY. PSY EtOH-Ex in the combination ratio reduced cell viability but induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and sub-G1 phases as well as apoptosis in CRC cells. In addition, the experimental results of Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and reporter assays showed that PSY also inhibited STAT3 by reducing its phosphorylation and nuclear localization, which resulted in lowering STAT3-mediated transcriptional activation. In addition, PSY regulated upstream signaling molecules of STAT3 by inactivating JAK2 and Src and increasing SHP1. Moreover, the chemical profiles of PSY from UPLC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS analysis revealed 38 phytochemicals, including seven organic acids, eight iridoids, two lignans, twelve prenylflavonoids, eight fatty acids, and one carbohydrate. Furthermore, 21 potentially bioactive compounds were highly enriched in the PSY EtOH-Ex compared to the water extract. Together, these results indicate that PSY suppresses the proliferation of CRC cells by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway, suggesting PSY as a potential therapeutic agent for treating CRC and 21 EtOH-Ex-enriched phytochemicals as anti-cancer drug candidates which may act by inhibiting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Han
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.J.H.); (S.-G.L.); Tel.: +82-958-9493 (I.J.H.); +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.)
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.J.H.); (S.-G.L.); Tel.: +82-958-9493 (I.J.H.); +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.)
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Sufianova G, Gareev I, Beylerli O, Wu J, Shumadalova A, Sufianov A, Chen X, Zhao S. Modern aspects of the use of natural polyphenols in tumor prevention and therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1011435. [PMID: 36172282 PMCID: PMC9512088 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1011435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites or organic compounds synthesized by them. In other words, these are molecules that are found in plants. Due to the wide variety of polyphenols and the plants in which they are found, these compounds are divided according to the source of origin, the function of the polyphenols, and their chemical structure; where the main ones are flavonoids. All the beneficial properties of polyphenols have not yet been studied, since this group of substances is very extensive and diverse. However, most polyphenols are known to be powerful antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory effects. Polyphenols help fight cell damage caused by free radicals and immune system components. In particular, polyphenols are credited with a preventive effect that helps protect the body from certain forms of cancer. The onset and progression of tumors may be related directly to oxidative stress, or inflammation. These processes can increase the amount of DNA damage and lead to loss of control over cell division. A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress uncontrolled by antioxidants or an uncontrolled and prolonged inflammatory process increases the risk of developing sarcoma, melanoma, and breast, lung, liver, and prostate cancer. Therefore, a more in-depth study of the effect of polyphenolic compounds on certain signaling pathways that determine the complex cascade of oncogenesis is a promising direction in the search for new methods for the prevention and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Sufianova
- Department of Pharmacology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Jianing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Neurosurgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
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6
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Morusin Enhances Temozolomide Efficiency in GBM by Inducing Cytoplasmic Vacuolization and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133662. [PMID: 35806945 PMCID: PMC9267261 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with high risks of recurrence and mortality. Chemoradiotherapy resistance has been considered a major factor contributing to the extremely poor prognosis of GBM patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop highly effective therapeutic agents. Here, we demonstrate the anti-tumor effect of morusin, a typical prenylated flavonoid, in GBM through in vivo and in vitro models. Morusin showed selective cytotoxicity toward GBM cell lines without harming normal human astrocytes when the concentration was less than 20 µM. Morusin treatment significantly induced apoptosis of GBM cells, accompanied by the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and the appearance of cytoplasmic vacuolation and autophagosomes in cells. Then, we found the ER stress activation and cytotoxicity of morusin were rescued by ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA. Furthermore, morusin arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase and inhibited cell proliferation of GBM cells through the Akt–mTOR–p70S6K pathway. Dysregulation of ERs and cell cycle in morusin exposed GBM cells were confirmed by RNA-seq analysis. Finally, we demonstrated the combination of morusin and TMZ remarkably enhanced ER stress and displayed a synergistic effect in GBM cells, and suppressed tumor progression in an orthotopic xenograft model. In conclusion, these findings reveal the toxicity of morusin to GBM cells and its ability to enhance drug sensitivity to TMZ, suggesting the potential application value of morusin in the development of therapeutic strategies for human GBM.
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Park HJ, Park SH. Root Bark of Morus Alba L. Induced p53-Independent Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells by Suppression of STAT3 Activity. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1837-1848. [PMID: 34533079 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1968444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The root bark of Morus alba L. (MA) used in traditional oriental medicine exerts various bioactivities including anticancer effects. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the methylene chloride extract of MA (MEMA)-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. We observed that MEMA decreased cell viability and colony formation in both HCT116 p53+/+ cells and HCT116 p53-/- cells. In addition, MEMA increased the sub-G1 phase DNA content, the annexin V-positive cell population, and the expression of apoptosis marker proteins in both cell lines, indicating that MEMA induced apoptosis regardless of the p53 status. Interestingly, the phosphorylation level, transcriptional activity, and target genes expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were commonly decreased by MEMA. The overexpression of constitutively active STAT3 in HCT116 cells reversed MEMA-induced apoptosis, demonstrating that MEMA-triggered apoptosis was mediated by the inactivation of STAT3. Taken together, we suggest that MEMA can be applied not only to p53 wild-type CRC in the early stages but also to p53-mutant advanced CRC with hyperactivated STAT3. Even though a wide range of studies are required to validate the anticancer effects of MEMA, we propose MEMA as a novel material for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Panek-Krzyśko A, Stompor-Gorący M. The Pro-Health Benefits of Morusin Administration-An Update Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:3043. [PMID: 34578920 PMCID: PMC8470188 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenylflavonoids are widespread in nature. Plants are valuable sources of natural polyphenolic compounds with isoprenyl groups, which include flavones, flavanones, chalcones and aurones. They can be found in flowers, bark and stems. One of the most important compounds found in the bark of white mulberry (Morus alba) is morusin, a prenylated flavone with interesting pro-health properties. The research carried out so far revealed that morusin has antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity. Moreover, its neuroprotective and antihyperglycemic properties have also been confirmed. Morusin suppresses the growth of different types of tumors, including breast cancer, glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer, hepatocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer. It also inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing COX activity and iNOS expression. Moreover, an antimicrobial effect against Gram-positive bacteria was observed after treatment with morusin. The objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the positive effects of morusin on human health in order to facilitate future study on the development of plant polyphenolic drugs and nutraceutics in the group of prenylflavones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Stompor-Gorący
- Department of Human Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
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Peng XG, Liu J, Gao Y, Cheng F, Chang JL, Chen J, Duan FF, Ruan HL. Pchaeglobolactone A, Spiropchaeglobosin A, and Pchaeglobosals A and B: Four Rearranged Cytochalasans from Chaetomium globosum P2-2-2. Org Lett 2020; 22:9665-9669. [PMID: 33270452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Four novel rearranged cytochalasans (1-4) were isolated from an endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum P2-2-2. Pchaeglobolactone A (1) possessed an unprecedented 13-aza-21-oxa-tetracyclo-[10.6.1.217,19.015,19]henicosane core. Spiropchaeglobosin A (2) was the first example of cytochalasans featuring a novel spiro[5.10]hexadecane unit. Pchaeglobosals A (3) and B (4) featured a unique 5/5/13 fused tricyclic ring system. Compounds 1-4 were tested for their antiproliferative, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and TRAIL-resistance-overcoming activities on cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ling Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Han-Li Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
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10
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Choi DW, Cho SW, Lee SG, Choi CY. The Beneficial Effects of Morusin, an Isoprene Flavonoid Isolated from the Root Bark of Morus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6541. [PMID: 32906784 PMCID: PMC7554996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The root bark of Morus has long been appreciated as an antiphlogistic, diuretic and expectorant drug in Chinese herbal medicine, albeit with barely known targets and mechanisms of action. In the 1970s, the development of analytic chemistry allowed for the discovery of morusin as one of 7 different isoprene flavonoid derivatives in the root bark of Morus. However, the remarkable antioxidant capacity of morusin with the unexpected potential for health benefits over the other flavonoid derivatives has recently sparked scientific interest in the biochemical identification of target proteins and signaling pathways and further clinical relevance. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the functional roles of morusin in multiple biological processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, metabolism and autophagy. We also highlight recent in vivo and in vitro evidence on the clinical potential of morusin treatment for multiple human pathologies including inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes, cancer and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.W.C.)
| | - Sang Woo Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.W.C.)
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science & Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Cheol Yong Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.W.C.)
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11
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Gao Y, Zhou J, Ruan H. Trichothecenes from an Endophytic Fungus Alternaria sp. sb23. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:976-982. [PMID: 32018306 DOI: 10.1055/a-1091-8831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three new (alterchothecenes A - C, 1: -3: ) and 3 known (4: -6: ) trichothecenes, along with 9 known compounds (7: -15: ), were isolated from the culture of Alternaria sp. sb23, an endophytic fungus separated from the root of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations of 1: -3: were determined through comparison of the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and optical rotations with similar analogues. In vitro cytotoxicity tests of compounds 1: -6: against human HT-29 colon carcinoma and human MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines indicated that 4: -6: exhibited significant cytotoxic effects, with IC50 values ranging from 0.89 to 9.38 µM. And the potential of compounds 1: -6: as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) sensitizers in HT-29 cells was evaluated. The results revealed that combination treatment of TRAIL with compounds 1: -6: synergistically decreased cell viability compared with the sole treatment with those compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanli Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Agarwal S, Mohamed MS, Mizuki T, Maekawa T, Sakthi Kumar D. Chlorotoxin modified morusin-PLGA nanoparticles for targeted glioblastoma therapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:5896-5919. [PMID: 31423502 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01131e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors remain a major cause of concern and mortality as successful treatment is hindered due to the poor transport and low penetration of chemotherapeutics across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, a nano formulation composed of chlorotoxin (CTX)-conjugated morusin loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-MOR-CTX) was devised against Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and its anti-proliferative effects were evaluated in vitro. The synthesized nanoparticles were loaded with morusin, a naturally derived chemotherapeutic drug, and surface conjugated with CTX, a peptide derived from scorpion venom, highly specific for chloride channels (CIC-3) expressed in glioma tumor cells, as well as for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2), which is up regulated in the tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, the anti-cancer potential of the NPs was assessed in U87 and GI-1 (human glioblastoma) cells. Antiproliferative, cell apoptosis, and other cell-based assays demonstrated that the PLGA-MOR-CTX NPs resulted in enhanced inhibitory effects on U87 and GI-1 glioma cells. Prominent cytotoxicity parameters such as ROS generation, enhanced caspase activity, cytoskeletal destabilization, and inhibition of MMP-activity were observed in glioblastoma cells upon PLGA-MOR-CTX NP treatment. The cytocompatibility observed with normal human neuronal cells (HCN-1A) and the enhanced lethal effects in glioblastoma cells highlight the potential of PLGA-MOR-CTX nanoparticles as promising therapeutic nanocarriers towards GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Agarwal
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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Phenolic constituents and anticancer properties of Morus alba (white mulberry) leaves. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:189-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yang C, Luo J, Luo X, Jia W, Fang Z, Yi S, Li L. Morusin exerts anti-cancer activity in renal cell carcinoma by disturbing MAPK signaling pathways. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:327. [PMID: 32355771 PMCID: PMC7186639 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has gradually become a severe type of kidney malignant tumor, which warrants an urgent need for highly efficacious therapeutic agents. Morusin, a typical prenylated flavonoid, has been revealed to possess anticarcinogenic effects against several cancers by inhibiting cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Methods Cells proliferation was examined by CCK-8. Migration assays were performed using a 24-well transwell chamber. Apoptotic cells were detected using the Annexin V PE/7-AAD apoptosis detection kit. Cell cycle analysis was carried out by flow cytometry. Western blotting and quantitative real time (qRT) PCR were used to exam the change of target gene in mRNA and protein level. Nude mouse xenograft experiments were performed to identify vivo function of morusin. Results Here, we evaluated the effect of morusin against RCC. We treated three RCC cell lines, 769-P, 786-O, and OSRC-2, with morusin to study its effects on cell growth, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle and cancer-related pathways. Additionally, we assessed the effects of morusin on tumor growth using a nude mouse model. Morusin could inhibit cell growth and migration, induce cell apoptosis and downregulate apoptosis-related proteins, and disturb the cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Additionally, morusin could suppress RCC tumorigenesis in vivo. Moreover, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways were found to be involved in morusin-induced anti-cancer activity. P-p38 and P-JNK levels were up-regulated by morusin, while the ERK phosphorylation level was down-regulated. Conclusions Our results show that morusin could inhibit the growth of RCC cells in vitro and in vivo through MAPK signal pathways. Thus, morusin could be a potential anti-cancer agent for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Weisheng Jia
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Zhenqiang Fang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Shanhong Yi
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Longkun Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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TRAIL in oncology: From recombinant TRAIL to nano- and self-targeted TRAIL-based therapies. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104716. [PMID: 32084560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces the apoptosis pathway in tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. Because TRAIL induction can kill tumor cells, cancer researchers have developed many agents to target TRAIL and some of these agents have entered clinical trials in oncology. Unfortunately, these trials have failed for many reasons, including drug resistance, off-target toxicities, short half-life, and specifically in gene therapy due to the limited uptake of TRAIL genes by cancer cells. To address these drawbacks, translational researchers have utilized drug delivery platforms. Although, these platforms can improve TRAIL-based therapies, they are unable to sufficiently translate the full potential of TRAIL-targeting to clinically viable products. Herein, we first summarize the complex biology of TRAIL signaling, including TRAILs cross-talk with other signaling pathways and immune cells. Next, we focus on known resistant mechanisms to TRAIL-based therapies. Then, we discuss how nano-formulation has the potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL protein. Finally, we specify strategies with the potential to overcome the challenges that cannot be addressed via nanotechnology alone, including the alternative methods of TRAIL-expressing circulating cells, tumor-targeting bacteria, viruses, and exosomes.
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Park HJ, Min TR, Chi GY, Choi YH, Park SH. Induction of apoptosis by morusin in human non-small cell lung cancer cells by suppression of EGFR/STAT3 activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:194-200. [PMID: 30243717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to validate the anticancer effects of morusin in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Morusin suppressed the cell growth and colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner in H1299, H460 and H292 cells. These anticancer activities were related with apoptosis induction proved by the accumulation of chromatin condensation, PARP cleavage, increase of sub-G1 phage and annexin V-positive cell population. Interestingly, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was dephosphorylated by morusin. Morusin suppressed the transcriptional activity of STAT3 and down-regulated the expression of STAT3 target genes. In addition, morusin inhibited the phosphorylation of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), an upstream regulator of STAT3. The docking study showed that morusin directly binds to the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR. Furthermore, the anticancer effects of morusin were consistently observed in erlotinib-resistant H1975 cells expressing L858R and T790 M mutant EGFR, suggesting that morusin can be used for the advanced NSCLC with acquired resistance to EGFR TKI. Taken together, our results demonstrate that morusin induced apoptosis in human NSCLC cells regardless of EGFR mutation status through inhibition of EGFR/STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rin Min
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo-Yong Chi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea; Anti-Aging Research Center and Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea.
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UGT-mediated metabolism plays a dominant role in the pharmacokinetic behavior and the disposition of morusin in vivo and in vitro. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 154:339-353. [PMID: 29571132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Morusin is a prenylated flavone isolated from mulberry, the branch and root bark of various Morus species, which possesses diverse pharmacological activities. However, it lacks extensive studies about its absorption and disposition. This study investigated the pharmacokinetic behavior of morusin in rat, and its first-pass metabolism in situ. The metabolic pathway of morusin was further investigated by 12 human recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), 9 CYP450s, as well as liver and intestinal microsomes. Four mono-glucuronide metabolites (M-5-G, M-4'-G, M-2'-G, and MII-2) were identified in rat intestine and bile by LC-MS/MS, while three of them were also detected in plasma (M-5-G, M-4'-G, and MII-2). M-4'-G was the principal conjugate. However, few CYP450 metabolites were found in rat intestine and bile. Only a small amount of MI-1 could be detected in rat plasma. UGT1A1, 1A3, 1A7, and 2B7 were the major contributors to morusin glucuronidation. Morusin exhibited substrate inhibition kinetic characteristics in all UGTs. Clearance rates of M-4'-G in HLM, RLM, UGT1A1, UGT1A3, and UGT2B7 were 137.02, 127.55, 32.54, 41.18, and 35.07 ml/min/mg, respectively. Besides, CYP3A5, 3A4, and 2C19 primarily contributed to the oxidative metabolism of morusin. The pharmacokinetic curves of morusin and its conjugates presented double peaks, showing that an enterohepatic recycling may exist. In conclusion, glucuronidation was confirmed to be the crucial metabolic pathway for morusin in vivo, and M-4'-G was the main metabolite.
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Xue J, Li R, Zhao X, Ma C, Lv X, Liu L, Liu P. Morusin induces paraptosis-like cell death through mitochondrial calcium overload and dysfunction in epithelial ovarian cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 283:59-74. [PMID: 29421517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death among all gynecological cancers. Morusin, a prenylated flavonoid extracted from the root bark of Morus australis, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity against various human cancers except EOC. In the present study, we explored the potential anti-cancer activity of morusin against EOC in vitro and in vivo and possible underlying mechanisms for the first time. We first found that morusin effectively inhibited EOC cell proliferation and survival in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Then we observed that treatment of EOC cells with morusin resulted in paraptosis-like cell death, a novel mode of non-apoptotic programmed cell death that is characterized by extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation due to dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria and lack of apoptotic hallmarks. In addition, we discovered that morusin induced obvious increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, accumulation of ER stress markers, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in EOC cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), a chemical inhibitor of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) on the outer mitochondrial membrane, effectively inhibited mitochondrial Ca2+ influx, cytoplasmic vacuolation and cell death induced by morusin in EOC cells. Moreover, DIDS pretreatment also suppressed morusin-induced accumulation of ER stress markers, ROS production and depletion of Δψm. Consistently, tumor xenograft assays showed that co-treatment with DIDS partially reversed the inhibitory effects of morusin on tumor growth in vivo and inhibited the increased levels of ER stress markers induced by morusin in tumor tissues. Collectively, our results suggest that VDAC-mediated Ca2+ influx into mitochondria and subsequent mitochondrial Ca2+ overload contribute to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, leading to morusin-induced paraptosis-like cell death in EOC. This study may provide alternative therapeutic strategies for EOC exhibiting resistance to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lidong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peishu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang F, Zhang D, Mao J, Ke XX, Zhang R, Yin C, Gao N, Cui H. Morusin inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth by down-regulating c-Myc in human gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57187-57200. [PMID: 28915664 PMCID: PMC5593635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Morusin is a pure extract from the root bark of Morus australis (Moraceae). In recent years, morusin has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor biological activity in some types of human cancers through different mechanisms. Here, we attempted to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of morusin on gastric cancer. Morusin markedly inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation by down-regulating CDKs and Cyclins, such as CDK2, CDK4, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1. Additionally, morusin suppressed tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Up-regulation of CDKs and Cyclins in gastric cancer cells was induced by c-Myc binding at the E-Box regions of CDKs and the Cyclin promoter. In addition, compared with the control group, the morusin-treated group showed reduced expression of c-Myc and c-Myc protein binding at the E-Box regions. Based on these results, we overexpressed c-Myc in gastric cancer cells and found that overexpressing c-Myc rescued morusin-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor growth. These results suggest that morusin inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth by down-regulating c-Myc in human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Dunke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Park SY, Choi M, Park D, Jeong M, Ahn KS, Lee J, Fisher PB, Yun M, Lee SG. AEG-1 promotes mesenchymal transition through the activation of Rho GTPases in human glioblastoma cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2641-2646. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kim EO, Kang SE, Im CR, Lee JH, Ahn KS, Yang WM, Um JY, Lee SG, Yun M. Tanshinone IIA induces TRAIL sensitization of human lung cancer cells through selective ER stress induction. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2205-12. [PMID: 26983803 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promised anticancer medicine targeting only the tumor, most cancers show resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. For this reason, new therapeutic strategies to overcome the TRAIL resistance are required for more effective tumor treatment. In the present study, potential of tanshinone IIA as a TRAIL sensitizer was evaluated in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. NSCLC cells showed resistance to TRAIL-mediated cell death, but combination treatment of Tanshinone IIA and TRAIL synergistically decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant NSCLC cells. Tanshinone IIA greatly induced death receptor 5 (DR5), but not death receptor 4 (DR4). Furthermore, DR5 knockdown attenuated the combination treatment of tanshinone IIA with TRAIL-mediated cell death in human NSCLC cells. Tanshinone IIA also increased CHOP and activated the PERK-ATF4 pathway suggesting that tanshinone IIA increased DR5 and CHOP by activating the PERK-ATF4 pathway. Tanshinone IIA also downregulated phosphorylation of STAT3 and expression of survivin. Taken together, these results indicate that tanshinone IIA increases TRAIL-induced cell death via upregulating DR5 and downregulating survivin mediated by, respectively, selective activation of PERK/ATF4 and inhibition of STAT3, suggesting combinatorial intervention of tanshinone IIA and TRAIL as a new therapeutic strategy for human NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Kim
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Eun Kang
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Rak Im
- Department of Applied Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyong Yun
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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