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Yang X, Zhu A, Li X, He S, Zhu Y, Anyan W, Qin L, Zeng H. Effects of extracted oil of fermented Tartary buckwheat on lipid-lowering, inflammation modulation, and gut microbial regulation in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10814-10828. [PMID: 37982812 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the composition of Tartary buckwheat oil fermented by Monascus purpureus and extracted under supercritical CO2 conditions (FTBO) and evaluated its effects on lipid-lowering, inflammation modulation, and gut microbial regulation in mice that were fed a high-fat diet (MOD). Compared with the raw oil (TBO), the γ-oryzanol content reached 27.09 mg g-1; the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content (such as oleic acid and palmitic acid) was elevated; and the antioxidant capacities of DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl were improved in FTBO (p < 0.0001). Then, supplementation with FTBO had a remarkable effect on reducing the body weight and visceral obesity as well as alleviating hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammatory reactions, and liver damage. The TC, TG, and LDL-C levels in the liver and plasma were reduced, and the HDL-C levels in the liver were increased (p < 0.05). In particular, the high-dose group (FTBOH) exhibited the most significant effect on reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines ET, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the liver, which were 18.85, 570.12, 50.47, and 26.22 pg mL-1, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, FTBO reversed intestinal disorders and increased the intestinal microbial diversity and richness. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, were increased, and the relative abundance of the harmful bacteria Staphylococcus and Lachnoclostridium were reduced. In summary, FTBO has potential applications as a dietary supplement or dietary modifier in lowering blood lipids, modulating immune activity, and reversing intestinal disorders. This study provides reference guidance for the subsequent industrialization and development of Tartary buckwheat, the extension of the industrial chain, the development of new products, and the extraction of functional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Anran Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Xi Jiu Co., Ltd, Zunyi, 564622, China
| | - Xuanchen Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shengling He
- Guizhou Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wen Anyan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Likang Qin
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Haiying Zeng
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Zeng H, Zhu A, He S, Wu M, Mazhar M, Wen A, Liu N, Qin L, Miao S. Anti-lipid-oxidation effects and edible safety evaluation of the oil extracted by a supercritical CO2 process from coix seed fermented by Monascus purpureus. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Exploring the possible mechanism involved in the anti-nociceptive effect of β-sitosterol: modulation of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and IL-6. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:517-527. [PMID: 36574096 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Β-sitosterol is a phytosterol, documented to possess various activities including protection against inflammation, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. The current investigation was designed to explore the analgesic potential of β-sitosterol and the possible molecular mechanism involved in the observed effect. β-sitosterol was administered at varying doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg before subjecting the mice to acetic acid and formalin challenges. The number of writhings in acetic acid and the number of flinchings and foot tappings were quantified in the formalin test. For mechanistic studies, substance P (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) stimulator) and L-Nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (nitric oxide synthetases (NOS) inhibitor) and L-arginine (nitric oxide precursor) were administered before β-sitosterol treatment. β-sitosterol (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhings and ameliorated the formalin-induced inflammatory phase dose-dependently. Whereas, 40 mg/kg dose of β-sitosterol abrogated the formalin-induced neurogenic phase. Substance-P abrogated the effect of β-sitosterol in both neurogenic and inflammatory phases. Whereas, L-arginine only abrogated the inflammatory phase. In biochemical analysis, β-sitosterol treatment reduced the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increased the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, L-arginine and substance-P abrogated the GSH increasing and TBARS lowering effect of β-sitosterol (40 mg/kg). Overall, the current study delineated that β-sitosterol may induce an anti-nociceptive effect via inhibiting the IL-6, oxidative stress, cyclo-oxygenase and nitric oxide.
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Bhandari SR, Choi CS, Rhee J, Shin YK, Song JW, Kim SH, Kang S, Lee JG. Influence of Root Color and Tissue on Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Carrot Genotypes. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010120. [PMID: 36613336 PMCID: PMC9818746 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study monitored changes in major carotenoids (lutein, ⍺-carotene, and β-carotene), free sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose), ascorbic acid, vitamin E, phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol), fatty acid composition, total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activities (AA); ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6sulfonic acid) [ABTS] assays, in the inner and outer root tissues of nine carrot genotypes with orange, white, and purple roots. The results showed a differential accumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities depending on root tissue and color. Carotenoids, free sugars, and total phytosterol contents were higher in genotypes with orange roots than in other genotypes. Ascorbic acid, TPC, TFC, total anthocyanin, and AA were highest in purple-colored carrots while vitamin E content was higher in white/purple carrots. Root color was highly related to the accumulation of individual carotenoids, vitamin E isomers, and total anthocyanin content most prominently among the analyzed bioactive compounds and AA. Free sugar and carotenoid contents were relatively higher in outer tissues than in inner tissues. Furthermore, ascorbic acid, TPC, TFC, and AA were statistically higher or similar in outer tissues when compared to inner tissues in all genotypes. In contrast, trends in vitamin E and phytosterol content were inconsistent between the inner and outer tissues, depending on the genotype. Although fatty acid composition was affected by both root color and tissue, the results were not significant. Thus, the phytochemical profile and content were highly dependent on root color and tissue in carrot genotypes. This may be useful in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries for the extraction of targeted bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ram Bhandari
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Core Research Institute of Intelligent Robots, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sun Choi
- Breeding Research Institute, Koregon Co., Ltd., Gimje 54324, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Rhee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Shin
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Song
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Solly Kang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Gu Lee
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Core Research Institute of Intelligent Robots, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-2578
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Yu J, Lee H, Heo H, Jeong HS, Sung J, Lee J. Sucrose-induced abiotic stress improves the phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of mung bean sprouts. Food Chem 2022; 400:134069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhou S, Han L, Lu K, Qi B, Du X, Liu G, Tang Y, Zhang S, Li Y. Whey protein isolate–phytosterols nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and stabilized food-grade pickering emulsions. Food Chem 2022; 384:132486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Hu Y, Ma C, Chen X, Bai G, Guo S. Catalyst‐free synthesis of phytosterol diacid monoesters and their competitive effect on the solubilization of cholesterol in model bile mixed micelles. J Food Sci 2022; 87:1035-1046. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Chuanguo Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Ge Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Shujing Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou P. R. China
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Li X, Xin Y, Mo Y, Marozik P, He T, Guo H. The Bioavailability and Biological Activities of Phytosterols as Modulators of Cholesterol Metabolism. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020523. [PMID: 35056839 PMCID: PMC8781140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phytosterols are natural sterols widely found in plants that have a variety of physiological functions, and their role in reducing cholesterol absorption has garnered much attention. Although the bioavailability of phytosterols is only 0.5–2%, they can still promote cholesterol balance in the body. A mechanism of phytosterols for lowering cholesterol has now been proposed. They not only reduce the uptake of cholesterol in the intestinal lumen and affect its transport, but also regulate the metabolism of cholesterol in the liver. In addition, phytosterols can significantly reduce the plasma concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), with a dose-response relationship. Ingestion of 3 g of phytosterols per day can reach the platform period, and this dose can reduce LDL-C by about 10.7%. On the other hand, phytosterols can also activate the liver X receptor α-CPY7A1 mediated bile acids excretion pathway and accelerate the transformation and metabolism of cholesterol. This article reviews the research progress of phytosterols as a molecular regulator of cholesterol and the mechanism of action for this pharmacological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
| | - Yan Xin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuqian Mo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Pavel Marozik
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Taiping He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-759-2388-523 (T.H.); +86-769-2289-6576 (H.G.)
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.X.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-759-2388-523 (T.H.); +86-769-2289-6576 (H.G.)
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Başyiğit B, Sağlam H, Hayoğlu İ, Karaaslan M. Spectroscopic (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS, FT‐IR, NMR) and functional characterization of fruit seed oils extracted with green technology: A comparative study with
Prunus cerasus
and
Punica granatum oils. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bülent Başyiğit
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Harran University Şanlıurfa Turkey
| | - Hidayet Sağlam
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department Faculty of Arts and Sciences Kilis 7 Aralık University Kilis Turkey
| | - İbrahim Hayoğlu
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Harran University Şanlıurfa Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karaaslan
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty Harran University Şanlıurfa Turkey
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Zeng H, Qin L, Liu X, Miao S. Increases of Lipophilic Antioxidants and Anticancer Activity of Coix Seed Fermented by Monascus purpureus. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030566. [PMID: 33803207 PMCID: PMC8001309 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic tocols, γ-oryzanol, and coixenolide in coix seed before and after fermentation by Monascus purpureus were determined. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of raw and fermented coix seed were evaluated using free-radical-scavenging assays and polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation model, and human laryngeal carcinoma cell HEp2, respectively. Compared to the raw seed, the tocols, γ-oryzanol, and coixenolide contents increased approximately 4, 25, and 2 times, respectively, in the fermented coix seed. Especially, γ-tocotrienol and γ-oryzanol reached 72.5 and 655.0 μg/g in the fermented coix seed. The lipophilic extract from fermented coix seed exhibited higher antioxidant activity in scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid oxidation. The inhibitory concentrations for 50% cell survival (IC50) of lipophilic extract from fermented coix seed in inhibiting HEp2 cells decreased by 42%. This study showed that coix seed fermented by M. purpureus increased free and readily bioavailable lipophilic antioxidants and anticancer activity. Therefore, fermentation could enhance the efficacy of the health promoting function of coix seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Likang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (S.M.)
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510000, China;
| | - Song Miao
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork, D15 DY05 Fermoy, Ireland
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (S.M.)
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Jia C, Xia X, Wang H, Bertrand M, Chen G, Zhang X. Preparation of phytosteryl ornithine ester hydrochloride and improvement of its bioaccessibility and cholesterol-reducing activity in vitro. Food Chem 2020; 331:127200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Mohammadi M, Jafari SM, Hamishehkar H, Ghanbarzadeh B. Phytosterols as the core or stabilizing agent in different nanocarriers. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Xiong W, Shi F, Cheng R, Zhu B, Wang L, Chen P, Lou H, Wu W, Qi C, Lei M, Jiang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Highly Regioselective Hydrocarboxylation of Alkynes with Carbon Dioxide. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fuxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruixiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Baiyao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Pengquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chaorong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Singla P, Salunke DB. Recent advances in steroid amino acid conjugates: Old scaffolds with new dimensions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Al-Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Hamed TE, Al-Siedy ES. Rice bran as source of nutraceuticals for management of cardiovascular diseases, cardio-renal syndrome and hepatic cancer. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2020.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The interrelation between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and renal dysfunction and the beneficial role of nutraceuticals are worthy to be studied. Nutraceuticals with anticancer effects are gaining great importance. The aim of this research was studying the anti-cancer, CVDs prevention and renal dysfunction properties of γ-oryzanol (γ-O) and rice bran oil/γ-O mixture (RBO/γ-O) as nutraceuticals. Methods: Rats were divided into 7 groups. Group 1 was fed on balanced diet and served as normal control (NC). Group 2 consumed high-fat-sucrose diet (HFSD) as CVD control. Groups 3 and 4 were fed on HFSD and treated by γ-O and RBO/γ-O, respectively. Group 5 was maintained on HFSD with cisplatin injection (cardiorenal syndrome control) (CRSC). Groups 6 and 7 were treated like group 5 and given either γ-O or RBO/γ-O. Plasma lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), catalase activity, creatinine and urea were determined besides urinary creatinine clearance. Nutraceuticals’ anticancer effect was assessed in hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) line. Results: Significant increases (P < 0.05) in lipid parameters with reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were noticed in CVD control compared to NC group; the same changes were demonstrated in CRSC with lesser extent. In CVD control and CRSC groups; a significant increase (P < 0.05) in MDA and TNF-α with a reduction in catalase were noticed. Kidney dysfunction was demonstrated in the CRSC group. Administration of both RBO/γ-O and γ-O produced variable improvements in all parameters in both models and had anticancer effects. Conclusion: RBO/γ-O and γ-O had protective effects on CVDs and cardiorenal syndrome as well as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities with superiority of RBO/γ-O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y. Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doha A. Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thanaa E. Hamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas S.K. Al-Siedy
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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