1
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Gomes AR, Varela CL, Pires AS, Tavares-da-Silva EJ, Roleira FMF. Synthetic and natural guanidine derivatives as antitumor and antimicrobial agents: A review. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106600. [PMID: 37209561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Guanidines are fascinating small nitrogen-rich organic compounds, which have been frequently associated with a wide range of biological activities. This is mainly due to their interesting chemical features. For these reasons, for the past decades, researchers have been synthesizing and evaluating guanidine derivatives. In fact, there are currently on the market several guanidine-bearing drugs. Given the broad panoply of pharmacological activities displayed by guanidine compounds, in this review, we chose to focus on antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities presented by several natural and synthetic guanidine derivatives, which are undergoing preclinical and clinical studies from January 2010 to January 2023. Moreover, we also present guanidine-containing drugs currently in the market for the treatment of cancer and several infectious diseases. In the preclinical and clinical setting, most of the synthesized and natural guanidine derivatives are being evaluated as antitumor and antibacterial agents. Even though DNA is the most known target of this type of compounds, their cytotoxicity also involves several other different mechanisms, such as interference with bacterial cell membranes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, mediated-Rac1 inhibition, among others. As for the compounds already used as pharmacological drugs, their main application is in the treatment of different types of cancer, such as breast, lung, prostate, and leukemia. Guanidine-containing drugs are also being used for the treatment of bacterial, antiprotozoal, antiviral infections and, recently, have been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19. To conclude, the guanidine group is a privileged scaffold in drug design. Its remarkable cytotoxic activities, especially in the field of oncology, still make it suitable for a deeper investigation to afford more efficient and target-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gomes
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla L Varela
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana S Pires
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisiário J Tavares-da-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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2
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Du AQ, Ying TT, Zhou ZY, Yu WC, Hu GA, Luo X, Ma MJ, Yu YL, Wang H, Wei B. Non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic potential of the nematode symbiont Photorhabdus. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:917-925. [PMID: 35998886 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photorhabdus, the symbiotic bacteria of Heterorhabditis nematodes, has been reported to possess many non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs). To provide an in-depth assessment of the non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic potential of Photorhabdus, we compared the distribution of BGCs in 81 Photorhabdus strains, confirming the predominant presence (44.80%) of NRPS BGCs in Photorhabdus. All 990 NRPS BGCs were clustered into 275 gene cluster families (GCFs) and only 13 GCFs could be annotated with known BGCs, suggesting their great diversity and novelty. These NRPS BGCs encoded 351 novel peptides containing more than four amino acids, and 173 of them showed high sequence similarity to known BGCs encoding bioactive peptides, implying the promising potential of Photorhabdus to produce valuable peptides. Sequence similarity networking of adenylation (A-) domains suggested that the substrate specificity of A-domains was not directly correlated with the sequence similarity. The molecular similarity network of predicted metabolite scaffolds of NRPS BGCs and reported peptides from Photorhabdus and a relevant database demonstrated that the non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic potential of Photorhabdus was largely untapped and revealed the core peptides deserving intensive studies. Our present study provides valuable information for the targeted discovery of novel non-ribosomal peptides from Photorhabdus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Qi Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ti-Ti Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yi Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Chao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang-Ao Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man-Jing Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Lei Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Schwedhelm E, Cordts K, Moritz E, Wesemann R, Choe CU, Böger R, Ittermann T, Dörr M, Friedrich N, Bahls M. Reference Interval for Serum L-Homoarginine Determined with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in the Population-Based Study of Health in Pomerania. J Appl Lab Med 2022; 7:1272-1282. [DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Low levels of the endogenous amino acid L-homoarginine are a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. For individual risk prediction, commercially available test systems are mandatory. This study aims at formulating sex- and age-specific reference intervals of serum L-homoarginine determined with an ELISA.
Methods
We determined reference intervals for serum L-homoarginine stratified by age and sex in a sample of 1285 healthy participants of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-TREND cohort after exclusion of participants with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, elevated liver enzymes, chronic kidney disease stages III or IV, or body mass index >25 kg/m2. Serum L-homoarginine was determined applying a commercially available ELISA.
Results
The reference cohort included 836 women (median age 41, 25th and 75th percentiles are 32 and 50 years) and 449 men (median age 38, 25th, and 75th percentiles are 30 and 49 years). The median serum concentration of L-homoarginine was 1.93 (25th 1.49; 75th 2.60) µmol/L in women and 2.02 (25th 1.63; 75th 2.61) µmol/L in men (P = 0.04). The reference intervals (2.5th to 97.5th percentile) were 0.89–5.29 µmol/L for women and 1.09–3.76 µmol/L for men. The L-homoarginine serum concentration declined over age decades in both sexes and a notable interaction with sex hormone intake in women was observed.
Conclusions
The novelty of our study is that we determined reference intervals specific for the L-isomer being lower than those previously reported for homoarginine in SHIP and thus might be helpful in identifying individuals suitable for oral L-homoarginine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Kathrin Cordts
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Eileen Moritz
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | | | - Chi un Choe
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Rainer Böger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - Martin Bahls
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
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4
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Awori RM. Nematophilic bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes and drug development of their biomolecules. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:993688. [PMID: 36187939 PMCID: PMC9520725 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.993688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus symbionts to their respective Steinernema and Heterorhabditis nematode hosts is that they not only contribute to their entomopathogenicity but also to their fecundity through the production of small molecules. Thus, this mini-review gives a brief introductory overview of these nematophilic bacteria. Specifically, their type species, nematode hosts, and geographic region of isolations are tabulated. The use of nucleotide sequence-based techniques for their species delineation and how pangenomes can improve this are highlighted. Using the Steinernema–Xenorhabdus association as an example, the bacterium-nematode lifecycle is visualized with an emphasis on the role of bacterial biomolecules. Those currently in drug development are discussed, and two potential antimalarial lead compounds are highlighted. Thus, this mini-review tabulates forty-eight significant nematophilic bacteria and visualizes the ecological importance of their biomolecules. It further discusses three of these biomolecules that are currently in drug development. Through it, one is introduced to Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria, their natural production of biomolecules in the nematode-bacterium lifecycle, and how these molecules are useful in developing novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Musumba Awori
- Department of Biology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
- Elakistos Biosciences, Nairobi, Kenya
- *Correspondence: Ryan Musumba Awori,
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5
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Parihar RD, Dhiman U, Bhushan A, Gupta PK, Gupta P. Heterorhabditis and Photorhabdus Symbiosis: A Natural Mine of Bioactive Compounds. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:790339. [PMID: 35422783 PMCID: PMC9002308 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.790339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylum Nematoda is of great economic importance. It has been a focused area for various research activities in distinct domains across the globe. Among nematodes, there is a group called entomopathogenic nematodes, which has two families that live in symbiotic association with bacteria of genus Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, respectively. With the passing years, researchers have isolated a wide array of bioactive compounds from these symbiotically associated nematodes. In this article, we are encapsulating bioactive compounds isolated from members of the family Heterorhabditidae inhabiting Photorhabdus in its gut. Isolated bioactive compounds have shown a wide range of biological activity against deadly pathogens to both plants as well as animals. Some compounds exhibit lethal effects against fungi, bacteria, protozoan, insects, cancerous cell lines, neuroinflammation, etc., with great potency. The main aim of this article is to collect and analyze the importance of nematode and its associated bacteria, isolated secondary metabolites, and their biomedical potential, which can serve as potential leads for further drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anil Bhushan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Gupta
- Department of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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6
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Santos-Aberturas J, Vior NM. Beyond Soil-Dwelling Actinobacteria: Fantastic Antibiotics and Where to Find Them. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:195. [PMID: 35203798 PMCID: PMC8868522 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial secondary metabolites represent an invaluable source of bioactive molecules for the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Although screening campaigns for the discovery of new compounds have traditionally been strongly biased towards the study of soil-dwelling Actinobacteria, the current antibiotic resistance and discovery crisis has brought a considerable amount of attention to the study of previously neglected bacterial sources of secondary metabolites. The development and application of new screening, sequencing, genetic manipulation, cultivation and bioinformatic techniques have revealed several other groups of bacteria as producers of striking chemical novelty. Biosynthetic machineries evolved from independent taxonomic origins and under completely different ecological requirements and selective pressures are responsible for these structural innovations. In this review, we summarize the most important discoveries related to secondary metabolites from alternative bacterial sources, trying to provide the reader with a broad perspective on how technical novelties have facilitated the access to the bacterial metabolic dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia M. Vior
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR7 4UH, UK
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7
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Pérez-Victoria I. Co-occurring Congeners Reveal the Position of Enantiomeric Amino Acids in Nonribosomal Peptides. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2087-2092. [PMID: 33440038 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The absolute configuration of the constituent amino acids in microbial nonribosomal peptides is typically determined by Marfey's method after total hydrolysis of the peptide. A challenge to structure elucidation arises when both d and l enantiomeric configurations of an amino acid are present. Determining the actual position of each amino acid enantiomer within the peptide sequence typically requires laborious approaches based on peptide partial hydrolysis or even total synthesis of the possible diastereomers. Herein, an alternative solution is discussed based on the homogeneous backbone chirality that governs all peptides biosynthesized by a common nonribosomal peptide synthetase. The information on configuration provided by Marfey's analysis of co-occurring minor congeners can reveal unequivocally the stereochemical sequence of the whole peptide family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
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8
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Maglangit F, Yu Y, Deng H. Bacterial pathogens: threat or treat (a review on bioactive natural products from bacterial pathogens). Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:782-821. [PMID: 33119013 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the second quarter of 2020 Threat or treat? While pathogenic bacteria pose significant threats, they also represent a huge reservoir of potential pharmaceuticals to treat various diseases. The alarming antimicrobial resistance crisis and the dwindling clinical pipeline urgently call for the discovery and development of new antibiotics. Pathogenic bacteria have an enormous potential for natural products drug discovery, yet they remained untapped and understudied. Herein, we review the specialised metabolites isolated from entomopathogenic, phytopathogenic, and human pathogenic bacteria with antibacterial and antifungal activities, highlighting those currently in pre-clinical trials or with potential for drug development. Selected unusual biosynthetic pathways, the key roles they play (where known) in various ecological niches are described. We also provide an overview of the mode of action (molecular target), activity, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) towards bacteria and fungi. The exploitation of pathogenic bacteria as a rich source of antimicrobials, combined with the recent advances in genomics and natural products research methodology, could pave the way for a new golden age of antibiotic discovery. This review should serve as a compendium to communities of medicinal chemists, organic chemists, natural product chemists, biochemists, clinical researchers, and many others interested in the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleurdeliz Maglangit
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science, University of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines. and Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK.
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Hai Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK.
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9
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Berlinck RGS, Bernardi DI, Fill T, Fernandes AAG, Jurberg ID. The chemistry and biology of guanidine secondary metabolites. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 38:586-667. [PMID: 33021301 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2017-2019Guanidine natural products isolated from microorganisms, marine invertebrates and terrestrial plants, amphibians and spiders, represented by non-ribosomal peptides, guanidine-bearing polyketides, alkaloids, terpenoids and shikimic acid derived, are the subject of this review. The topics include the discovery of new metabolites, total synthesis of natural guanidine compounds, biological activity and mechanism-of-action, biosynthesis and ecological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Dai J, Han R, Xu Y, Li N, Wang J, Dan W. Recent progress of antibacterial natural products: Future antibiotics candidates. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103922. [PMID: 32559577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of novel antibacterial molecules plays a key role in solving the current antibiotic crisis issue. Natural products have long been an important source of drug discovery. Herein, we reviewed 256 natural products from 11 structural classes in the period of 2016-01/2020, which were selected by SciFinder with new compounds or new structures and MICs lower than 10 μg/mL or 10 μM as criterions. This review will provide some effective antibacterial lead compounds for medicinal chemists, which will promote the antibiotics research based on natural products to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangkun Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1); State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China(1); School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China(1).
| | - Rui Han
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1)
| | - Yujie Xu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1)
| | - Na Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China(1).
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1); College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1).
| | - Wenjia Dan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China(1); College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China(1).
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11
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Zhao L, Vo TD, Kaiser M, Bode HB. Phototemtide A, a Cyclic Lipopeptide Heterologously Expressed from Photorhabdus temperata Meg1, Shows Selective Antiprotozoal Activity. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1288-1292. [PMID: 31814269 PMCID: PMC7317862 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new cyclic lipopeptide, phototemtide A (1), was isolated from Escherichia coli expressing the biosynthetic gene cluster pttABC from Photorhabdus temperata Meg1. The structure of 1 was elucidated by HR-ESI-MS and NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of amino acids and 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid in 1 were determined by using the advanced Marfey's method and comparison after total synthesis of 1, respectively. Additionally, three new minor derivatives, phototemtides B-D (2-4), were identified by detailed HPLC-MS analysis. Phototemtide A (1) showed weak antiprotozoal activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 value of 9.8 μm. The biosynthesis of phototemtides A-D (1-4) was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, QianHuHouCun 1, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Tien Duy Vo
- Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helge B Bode
- Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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