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Yan X, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Li WDZ. Reductive Oxy-Nazarov Cyclization toward Expedient Construction of a Cyclopenta[1,2- b]pyrrolo[1,2- a]azepine Ring System: Formal Total Syntheses of Stemonamine and Cephalotaxine. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5164-5169. [PMID: 38536410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Formal total syntheses of stemonamine and cephalotaxine bearing the core cyclopenta[1,2-b]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine ring skeleton were achieved. The general synthetic strategy in the synthesis features the reductive oxy-Nazarov cyclization as key step, leading to the versatile construction of N-substituted spiro quaternary stereogenic centers from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifei Yan
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Z Li
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
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Alfano AI, Pelliccia S, Rossino G, Chianese O, Summa V, Collina S, Brindisi M. Continuous-Flow Technology for Chemical Rearrangements: A Powerful Tool to Generate Pharmaceutically Relevant Compounds. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:326-337. [PMID: 36923914 PMCID: PMC10009796 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy, safety, and scale-up of several chemical rearrangements remain unsolved problems due to the associated handling of hazardous, toxic, and pollutant chemicals and high-risk intermediates. For many years batch processes have been considered the only possibility to drive these reactions, but continuous-flow technology has emerged, for both academic laboratories and pharmaceutical companies, as a powerful tool for easy, controlled, and safer chemistry protocols, helping to minimize the formation of side products and increase reaction yields. This Technology Note summarizes recently reported chemical rearrangements using continuous-flow approaches, with a focus on Curtius, Hofmann, and Schmidt reactions. Flow protocols, general advantages and safety aspects, and reaction scope for the generation of both privileged scaffolds and active pharmaceutical ingredients will be showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Ilenia Alfano
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sveva Pelliccia
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Orazio Chianese
- Genetic S.p.A., Via Canfora, 64, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Mallia CJ, McCreanor NG, Legg DH, Stewart CR, Coppock S, Ashworth IW, Le Bars J, Clarke A, Clemens G, Fisk H, Benson H, Oke S, Churchill T, Hoyle M, Timms L, Vare K, Sims M, Knight S. Development and Manufacture of a Curtius Rearrangement Using Continuous Flow towards the Large-Scale Manufacture of AZD7648. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl J. Mallia
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Niall G. McCreanor
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Daniel H. Legg
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Craig R. Stewart
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Sarah Coppock
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Ian W. Ashworth
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Joël Le Bars
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adam Clarke
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Graeme Clemens
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Heidi Fisk
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Helen Benson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Samantha Oke
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Trevor Churchill
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Mark Hoyle
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Lee Timms
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Kevin Vare
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Martin Sims
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Steven Knight
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
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Shioiri T, Ishihara K, Matsugi M. Cutting edge of diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) as a synthetic reagent – A fifty-year odyssey. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00403h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments of diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA, (C6H5O)2P(O)N3) has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Shioiri
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishihara
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Masato Matsugi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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