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Ma L, Li J, Zhang X, Yang Y, Lin X, Chen X. Exploring Tunable Properties, Solvent-Modulated Dynamics, and Novel C(sp 3)-H Activation Mechanisms in Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:3412-3418. [PMID: 38502941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex photochemistry has emerged as a vibrant area in visible-light-mediated synthetic radical chemistry. However, theoretical insights into the reaction mechanisms remain limited. Our study investigates the influence of solvent polarity and halogen atom types on radical reaction pathways in EDA complexes. We demonstrate that solvent polarity modulates the charge transfer and spatial arrangement within EDA complexes, thereby influencing their stability and reaction kinetics. Iodide ions play a crucial role in facilitating free radical generation and stabilizing reaction intermediates. Different halogen atom types exhibit distinct effects on radical reactions. Variations in radical concentration and solvent environment further affect the pathway selectivity. Additionally, light conditions influence the free radical generation and pathway selectivity. Our findings enhance the understanding of EDA complex photochemistry and radical reactions, offering insights for organic synthesis and photochemistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Jianhao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yanting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 P. R. China
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Liu H, Fan X, Hu J, Ma T, Wang F, Yang J, Li D. Visible-Light-Enabled Ph 3P/LiI-Promoted Tandem Radical Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization/Iodination of 1,6-Enynes with Togni's Reagent. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12877-12889. [PMID: 36074642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the visible-light-induced Ph3P/LiI-promoted intermolecular cascade trifluoromethyl radical addition/5-exo-dig cyclization/iodination of 1,6-enynes with Togni's reagent using LiI as the iodine source without the need of the transition metal, oxidant, and base. This reaction promises to be a useful method for the preparation of trifluoromethyl-substituted and vinyl C-I bond-containing pyrrolidines and benzofuran products with good regioselectivity and functional-group tolerance under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Xu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Jinkai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Dianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
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Volkov AA, Bugaenko DI, Bogdanov AV, Karchava AV. Visible-Light-Driven Thioesterification of Aryl Halides with Potassium Thiocarboxylates: Transition-Metal Catalyst-Free Incorporation of Sulfur Functionalities into an Aromatic Ring. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8170-8182. [PMID: 35653579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of acceptor-substituted aryl iodides and bromides with potassium thiocarboxylates under white light irradiation allow for the preparation of S-aryl thioesters including synthetically versatile S-aryl thioacetates. This transition-metal and external photocatalyst-free method features extremely mild reaction conditions compared with those used in transition-metal-catalyzed protocols. Reactions proceed via the initial formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex in the ground state, which was supported by UV-vis spectra. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-trapping experiments using phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) have revealed the radical nature of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Bugaenko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Alexey V Bogdanov
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
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Suzuki Y, Liang F, Okazoe T, Okamoto H, Takeuchi Y, Tsuda A. Photo-on-Demand Conversion of Chloroform to Phosgene Triggered by Cl 2 upon Irradiation with Visible Light: Syntheses of Chloroformates, Carbonate Esters, and Isocyanates. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501
| | - Fengying Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501
| | - Takashi Okazoe
- Yokohama Technical Center, AGC Inc., Suehiro-cho 1-1 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045
| | - Hidekazu Okamoto
- Yokohama Technical Center, AGC Inc., Suehiro-cho 1-1 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045
| | - Yu Takeuchi
- Yokohama Technical Center, AGC Inc., Suehiro-cho 1-1 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045
| | - Akihiko Tsuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501
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