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Kumada R, Sakama A, Shindo Y, Kuronuma Y, Iwasawa N, Citterio D, Oka K, Hiruta Y. Development of Phosphinate Ligand-Based Low-Affinity Ca 2+ Fluorescent Probes and Application to Intracellular Ca 2+ Imaging. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16683-16691. [PMID: 37922450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Divalent metal cations such as calcium ion (Ca2+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) are indispensable to the regulation of various cellular activities. In this research, we developed the KLCA series utilizing o-aminophenol-N,N-diacetate-O-methylene-methylphosphinate (APDAP) as a target binding site, which was reported recently as a highly free Mg2+-selective ligand. KLCA-301 with orange fluorescence based on a rhodamine fluorophore and KLCA-501 with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence based on a Si-rhodamine fluorophore were synthesized, intended for application to multicolor imaging. The evaluation of the fluorescence response to Ca2+ and Mg2+ of the KLCA series indicated the applicability as low-affinity Ca2+ probes. While KLCA-301 mainly localized in the cytosol in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, KLCA-501 localized to the cytosol and granular organelles in neurons. Comparison of the fluorescence response of KLCA-301 and the high-affinity Ca2+ probe Fluo-4 upon stimulation by glutamate in stained neurons revealed that KLCA-301 could reflect the secondary large rise of intracellular Ca2+, which Fluo-4 could not detect. In addition, KLCA-501 showed a fluorescence response similar to the low-affinity Ca2+ probe Fluo-5N upon stimulation by glutamate in stained neurons, concluding that KLCA-301 and KLCA-501 could be used as low-affinity Ca2+ probes. The KLCA series offers new options for low-affinity Ca2+ probes. Moreover, KLCA-501 achieved simultaneous visualization of the change in Ca2+ and ATP concentrations and also in mitochondrial inner membrane potential in neurons. KLCA-501 is expected to be a strong tool that enables simultaneous multicolor imaging of multiple targets and elucidation of their relationship in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Kumada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sakama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shindo
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
- School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yuzuka Kuronuma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Naoko Iwasawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kotaro Oka
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
- School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsucho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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Shi X, Wang X, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Meng X, Liu H, Qian Y, Lin Y, Yu Y, Lin W, Wang H. Hydrophobic Carbon Dots Derived from Organic Pollutants and Applications in NIR Anticounterfeiting and Bioimaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5056-5064. [PMID: 37005495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to fulfill the strategy of sustainable development, Rhodamine B, a common and toxic organic pollutant in the textile industry, was reported for the first time as a single precursor to develop a kind of novel hydrophobic nitrogen-doped carbon dot (HNCD) through a green and facile one-pot solvothermal method. The HNCDs with an average size of 3.6 nm possess left and right water contact angles of 109.56° and 110.34°, respectively. The HNCDs manifest excitation wavelength-tunable and upconverted fluorescence from the ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (NIR) range. Furthermore, the PEGylation of HNCDs enables them to be used as an optical marker for cell and in vivo imaging. Notably, the HNCDs with solvent-dependent fluorescence can be used for invisible inks with a wide range of light responses from UV-vis-NIR spectra. This work not only provides an innovative way to recycle chemical waste but also expands the potential application of HNCDs in NIR security printing and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shi
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui P.R. China
| | - Zonghui Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui P.R. China
| | - Xiangfu Meng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Hongji Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yong Qian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yefeng Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Haiquan Road 100, Shanghai 201400, PR China
| | - Wenchu Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
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Kozubek M, Denner TC, Eckert M, Hoenke S, Csuk R. On the influence of the rhodamine substituents onto the cytotoxicity of mitocanic maslinic acid rhodamine conjugates. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Walls B, Suleiman O, Arambula C, Hall A, Adeyiga O, Boumelhem F, Koh J, Odoh SO, Woydziak ZR. Improving the Brightness of Pyronin Fluorophore Systems through Quantum-Mechanical Predictions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8312-8318. [PMID: 36040023 PMCID: PMC10543078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pyronin class of fluorophores serves a critical role in numerous imaging applications, particularly involving preferential staining of RNA through base pair intercalation. Despite this important role in molecular staining applications, the same set of century-old pyronins (i.e., pyronin Y (PY) and pyronin B (PB)), which possess relatively low fluorophore brightness, are still predominantly being used due to the lack of methodology for generating enhanced variants. Here, we use TD-DFT calculations of interconversion energies between structures on the S1 surface as a preliminary means to evaluate fluorophore brightness for a proposed set of pyronins containing variable substitution patterns at the 2, 3, 6, and 7 positions. Using a nucleophilic aromatic substitution/hydride addition approach, we synthesized the same set of pyronins and demonstrate that quantum-mechanical computations are useful for predicting fluorophore performance. We produced the brightest series of pyronin fluorophores described to date, which possess considerable gains over PY and PB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Walls
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
| | | | - Carlos Arambula
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
| | - Alyssa Hall
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
| | | | - Fadel Boumelhem
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
| | - Jungjae Koh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Samuel O. Odoh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Zachary R. Woydziak
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
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Gao Z, Sharma KK, Andres AE, Walls B, Boumelhem F, Woydziak ZR, Peterson BR. Synthesis of a fluorinated pyronin that enables blue light to rapidly depolarize mitochondria. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:456-462. [PMID: 35647549 PMCID: PMC9020612 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00395j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated analogues of the fluorophore pyronin B were synthesized as a new class of amine-reactive drug-like small molecules. In water, 2,7-difluoropyronin B was found to reversibly react with primary amines to form covalent adducts. When this fluorinated analogue is added to proteins, these adducts undergo additional oxidation to yield fluorescent 9-aminopyronins. Irradiation with visible blue light enhances this oxidation step, providing a photochemical method to modify the biological properties of reactive amines. In living HeLa cells, 2,7-difluoropyronin B becomes localized in mitochondria, where it is partially transformed into fluorescent aminopyronins, as detected by spectral profiling confocal microscopy. Further excitation of these cells with the blue laser of a confocal microscope can depolarize mitochondria within seconds. This biological activity was only observed with 2,7-difluoropyronin B and was not detected with analogues such as pyronin B or 9-methyl-2,7-difluoropyronin B. This irradiation with blue light enhances the cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that increased ROS in mitochondria promotes the formation of aminopyronins that inactivate biomolecules critical for maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential. The unique reactivity of 2,7-difluoropyronin B offers a novel tool for photochemical control of mitochondrial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Gao
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Krishna K Sharma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Angelo E Andres
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Brandon Walls
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College Henderson NV 89002 USA
| | - Fadel Boumelhem
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College Henderson NV 89002 USA
| | - Zachary R Woydziak
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College Henderson NV 89002 USA
| | - Blake R Peterson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
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Functionalization of Rhodamine Platforms with 3-Hydroxy-4-pyridinone Chelating Units and Its Fluorescence Behavior towards Fe(III). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051567. [PMID: 35268668 PMCID: PMC8911962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of xanthene fluorophores with specific receptor units is an important topic of research aiming for the development of new analytical tools for biological sciences, clinical diagnosis, food and environmental monitoring. Herein, we report a new dihydrorosamine containing two active amino groups, which was functionalized with 3-benzyloxy-1-(3′-carboxypropyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinone through an amide coupling strategy. Benzylated mono- and di-functionalized dihydrorosamine derivatives (H in position 9 of the xanthene) were obtained, but with modest reaction yields, requiring long and laborious purification procedures. Looking for a more efficient approach, rhodamine 110 was selected to react with the carboxypropyl pyridinone, enabling the isolation of the corresponding mono- and di-functionalized derivatives in amounts that depend on the excess of pyridinone added to the reaction. The structure of all compounds was established by 1H and 13C NMR, MS (ESI) and their absorption and emission properties were evaluated in dichloromethane. The fluorescence behavior of the debenzylated mono-rhodamine 110 derivative in the presence of Fe(III) was studied, making it an interesting fluorogenic dye for future optical sensing applications.
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