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Liang Y, Liu C, Li Y, Ouyang L. TsOH-catalyzed dehydroxylative cross-coupling of alcohols with phenols: rapid access to propofol derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:26857-26862. [PMID: 39184007 PMCID: PMC11343040 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04674a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Modification of the parent structure of molecules often alters their physicochemical properties and biological activities. Herein, a practical, efficient, and highly regioselective C-H alkylation of phenols with alcohols via dehydroxylative cross-coupling was developed to produce para-alkylated phenols with excellent regioselectivities and yields, using which propofol derivatives were rapidly synthesized. This process is performed under mild and simple conditions and is well-compatible with a variety of alcohols (secondary and tertiary benzylic alcohols as well as allyl alcohols) as alkylated agents. In addition, high aryl ether derivatives were also obtained using this catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province P. R. China
| | - Chengxiu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province P. R. China
| | - Youchun Li
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province P. R. China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province P. R. China
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2
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Yadav N, Mahato R, Khan J, Jaiswal H, Hazra CK. Synthesis of tetralone and indanone derivatives via cascade reductive Friedel-Crafts alkylation/cyclization of keto acids/esters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9274-9277. [PMID: 39129437 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02754j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
We disclose herein a metal-free cascade reductive Friedel-Crafts alkylation/cyclization of keto acids/esters for the synthesis of tetralones and indanones. Owing to the simple reaction conditions and setup, this protocol features broad substrate generality, facile scalability, and remarkable functional group tolerance, including the synthesis of bioactive molecule sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Rina Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Jabir Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Harshit Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Chinmoy Kumar Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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3
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Zalaltdinova AV, Sadykova YM, Gazizov AS, Smailov AK, Syakaev VV, Gerasimova DP, Chugunova EA, Akylbekov NI, Zhapparbergenov RU, Appazov NO, Burilov AR, Pudovik MA, Alabugin IV, Sinyashin OG. Superelectrophilic Activation of Phosphacoumarins towards Weak Nucleophiles via Brønsted Acid Assisted Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6327. [PMID: 38928034 PMCID: PMC11203683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The electrophilic activation of various substrates via double or even triple protonation in superacidic media enables reactions with extremely weak nucleophiles. Despite the significant progress in this area, the utility of organophosphorus compounds as superelectrophiles still remains limited. Additionally, the most common superacids require a special care due to their high toxicity, exceptional corrosiveness and moisture sensitivity. Herein, we report the first successful application of the "Brønsted acid assisted Brønsted acid" concept for the superelectrophilic activation of 2-hydroxybenzo[e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 2-oxides (phosphacoumarins). The pivotal role is attributed to the tendency of the phosphoryl moiety to form hydrogen-bonded complexes, which enables the formation of dicationic species and increases the electrophilicity of the phosphacoumarin. This unmasks the reactivity of phosphacoumarins towards non-activated aromatics, while requiring only relatively non-benign trifluoroacetic acid as the reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena V. Zalaltdinova
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Yulia M. Sadykova
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Almir S. Gazizov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Atabek K. Smailov
- Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx Str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Victor V. Syakaev
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Daria P. Gerasimova
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Elena A. Chugunova
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Nurgali I. Akylbekov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aitekebie Str., 29A, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan; (N.I.A.)
- “CNEC” LLP, Dariger Ali Str., Kyzylorda 120001, Kazakhstan
| | - Rakhmetulla U. Zhapparbergenov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aitekebie Str., 29A, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan; (N.I.A.)
- “DPS Kyzylorda” LLP, Amangeldy Imanov Str., 112A, Kyzylorda 120008, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurbol O. Appazov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aitekebie Str., 29A, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan; (N.I.A.)
- “CNEC” LLP, Dariger Ali Str., Kyzylorda 120001, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexander R. Burilov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Michail A. Pudovik
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (V.V.S.); (D.P.G.); (A.R.B.)
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Sau S, Das KM, Mondal B, Thakur A. Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of γ-Diketones from Aryl Alkenes and Its Utilization in the Synthesis of Various Heterocyclic Compounds. J Org Chem 2024; 89:7095-7108. [PMID: 38701377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
An earth-abundant Co(II) salt-catalyzed mild and affordable synthetic route has been developed for the synthesis of industrially relevant 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds (or γ-diketones) via oxidative coupling between aryl alkenes and ketones (both cyclic and acyclic) using TBHP and DBU as the oxidant and base, respectively. 1,4-Dicarbonyl compounds are known to be synthesized using expensive metal catalysts, dual catalysts, or low-cost metal complexes combined with an additive or ligand template, which further needs to be synthesized. Herein, we report the synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds using cobalt(II) acetate as a catalyst without any expensive co-catalyst or ligand templates. This methodology has a broad substrate scope with significant yields and good functional group tolerance. Generation of unsymmetrical 1,4-dicarbonyls at room temperature and its versatile synthetic expansion to produce synthetically and biologically valuable heterocyclic compounds are salient features of this novel methodology. In addition, various controlled experiments such as primary kinetic isotope effect study, Hammett analysis with variation of the nature of the substituents on the styrene ring, and theoretical calculations (density functional theory) unravel the mechanistic intricacies involved in this new, simple, and atom-economic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Bijan Mondal
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universität Strasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arunabha Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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5
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Brufani G, Di Erasmo B, Li CJ, Vaccaro L. Csp 2-H functionalization of phenols: an effective access route to valuable materials via Csp 2-C bond formation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3831-3871. [PMID: 38487228 PMCID: PMC10935747 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In the vast majority of top-selling pharmaceutical and industrial products, phenolic structural motifs are highly prevalent. Non-functionalized simple phenols serve as building blocks in the synthesis of value-added chemicals. It is worth mentioning that lignin, being the largest renewable biomass source of aromatic building blocks in nature, mainly consists of phenolic units, which enable the production of structurally diverse phenols. Given their remarkable applicability in the chemical value chain, many efforts have been devoted to increasing the molecular complexity of the phenolic scaffold. Among the key techniques, direct functionalization of Csp2-H is a powerful tool, enabling the construction of new Csp2-C bonds in an economical and atomic manner. Herein we present and summarize the large plethora of direct Csp2-H functionalization methods that enables scaffold diversification of simple, unprotected phenols, leading to the formation of new Csp2-C bonds. In this review article, we intend to summarize the contributions that appeared in the literature mainly in the last 5 years dealing with the functionalization of unprotected phenols, both catalytic and non-catalytic. Our goal is to highlight the key findings and the ongoing challenges in the stimulating and growing research dedicated to the development of new protocols for the valorization of phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brufani
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
| | - Benedetta Di Erasmo
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Luigi Vaccaro
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
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6
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Das KM, Pal A, Surya T L, Roy L, Thakur A. Cu(II) Promoted C(sp 3 )-H Activation in Unactivated Cycloalkanes: Oxo-Alkylation of Styrenes to Synthesize β-Disubstituted Ketones. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303776. [PMID: 38055713 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the Cu(II) catalyzed synthesis of β-disubstituted ketones from styrene via oxo-alkylation with unactivated cycloalkanes as the alkylating agent in presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) and 1-methylimidazole as oxidant and base respectively. β-disubstituted ketones are known to be synthesized by using either expensive Ru/Ir complexes, or low-cost metal complexes (e. g., Fe, Mn) with activated species like aldehyde, acid, alcohol, or phthalimide derivatives as the alkylating agent, however, use of unactivated cycloalkanes directly as the alkylating agent remains challenging. A wide range of aliphatic C-H substrates as well as various olefinic arenes and heteroarene (35 substrates including 14 new substrates) are well-tolerated in this method. Hammett analysis shed more light on the substitution effect in the olefinic part on the overall mechanism. Furthermore, the controlled experiments, kinetic isotope effect study, and theoretical calculations (DFT) enable us to gain deeper insight of mechanistic intricacies of this new simple and atom-economic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Adwitiya Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Lakshmi Surya T
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, IOC Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, IOC Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India
| | - Arunabha Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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7
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Dutta S, Lee D, Ozols K, Daniliuc CG, Shintani R, Glorius F. Photoredox-Enabled Dearomative [2π + 2σ] Cycloaddition of Phenols. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2789-2797. [PMID: 38236061 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Dearomative photocycloaddition of monocyclic arenes is an appealing strategy for comprehending the concept of "escape from flatland". This brings the replacement of readily available planar aromatic hydrocarbon units with a 3D fused bicyclic core with sp3-enriched carbon units. Herein, we outline an intermolecular approach for the dearomative photocycloaddition of phenols. In order to circumvent the ground-state aromaticity and to construct conformationally restrained building blocks, bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes were chosen as coupling partners. This dearomative approach renders straightforward access to a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane unit fused to a cyclic enone moiety, which further contributed as a synthetic linchpin for postmodifications. Mechanistic experiment advocates for a plausible onset from both the reactants, depending on the redox potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Dutta
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kristers Ozols
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Brookhart's Acid‐Catalyzed Switchable Regioselective
N
‐Alkylation of Arylamines/Heterocyclic Amines with Cyclopropylcarbinols by Temperature Regulation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201938. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Tyagi A, Khan J, Yadav N, Mahato R, Hazra CK. Catalyst-Switchable Divergent Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)alkanes and 3-Alkylated Indoles from Styrene Oxides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10229-10240. [PMID: 35856651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel and effective Brønsted acid-catalyzed chemoselective synthesis of bis(indolyl)alkanes and 3-alkyl indoles is reported. The selectivity of two significant indole derivatives is attained by allowing the same substrates to go through divergent reaction routes catalyzed by different catalysts. Furthermore, this mild approach is applicable to a wide range of substrates and has high efficacy in large-scale reactions. A plausible mechanism is provided based on the control experiments and spectroscopic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jabir Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Naveen Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rina Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Chinmoy Kumar Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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