1
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Yu Z, Wang S, Chen W. Electrochemical Trifluoromethylthiolation/Cyclization of N-Arylacrylamides with AgSCF 3: Access to SCF 3-Containing Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39158299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly electrochemical strategy for the synthesis of SCF3-containing oxindoles was developed. This electrochemical transformation was accomplished through a cascade trifluoromethylthiolation/cyclization of N-acrylamides with AgSCF3, obviating the requirement for external oxidants. A variety of functional groups were well tolerated in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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2
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Conde RS, Torres Barroso L, Pérez Edighill SG, Yerien DE, Lantaño B, Baroncini M, Barata-Vallejo S, Postigo A. Photocatalytic Perfluoroalkylation of Disulfides and Diselenides. Syntheses of Perfluoroalkyl Thio- and Seleno-ethers. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10867-10877. [PMID: 39034469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of alkyl(aryl)-fluoroalkyl sulfanyl [R(Ar)-S-RF] and aryl-fluoroalkyl selenolyl (Ar-Se-RF) ethers through visible-light photocatalysis has been successfully carried out. This process involves disulfides, and diselenides [R(Ar)-X-X-R(Ar), where X = S or Se], and fluoroalkyl iodides (RF-I) in the presence of a base as an additive under photocatalysis. The photocatalyst Eosin Y and green light-emitting diodes are utilized for irradiation of R(Ar)-S-RF and Ar-Se-RF syntheses. Our method integrates low-energy visible-light photocatalysis, commercially available perfluoroalkylating reagents (RF-I), and easily obtainable disulfides and diselenides as starting materials. Mechanistic studies and a detailed synthetic procedure for (Ar)-S-RF on a large scale are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina S Conde
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Loydel Torres Barroso
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Sheila G Pérez Edighill
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Damian E Yerien
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Lantaño
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Massimo Baroncini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Università di Bologna, viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- CLAN-Center for Light-Activated Nanostructures - Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastian Barata-Vallejo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
- CLAN-Center for Light-Activated Nanostructures - Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto per la Sintesis Organica e la Fotorreattivita, ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
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3
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Ying J, Zhou T, Liu Y, Zhou L, Wan JP. Transition-Metal-Free C-H Trifluoromethylthiolation of N,N-Disubstituted Enaminones To Access CF 3S-Functionalized Enaminones and Their Application in the Synthesis of CF 3S-Heteroaryls. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9078-9085. [PMID: 38830227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The α-C-H trifluoromethylthiolation of N,N-disubstituted enaminones has been achieved with simple and cheap CF3SO2Na as the CF3S source. The reactions were run at mild temperature (0 °C to rt) using POCl3 as the only reducing reagent. The work represents the first example on the synthesis of α-trifluoromethylthio enaminones via direct C-H functionalization. In addition, the resulting CF3S-functionalized enaminones have been proven as useful building blocks in the synthesis of various CF3S-functionalized heteroaromatic compounds by simple annulation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Ying
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330033, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330033, China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330033, China
| | - Liyun Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330033, China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330033, China
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4
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Guo W, Zhang Y, Du X, Song Y, Wang W, Liu Z, Duan Y, Zhang T. Enantioselective α-Trifluoromethylthiolation of Carbonyl Compounds with AgSCF 3 and Trichloroisocyanuric Acid. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38806442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
We successfully developed an enantioselective trifluoromethylthiolation of structurally diverse carbonyl compounds. Trichloroisocyanuric acid and AgSCF3 were employed to generate active electrophilic trifluoromethylthio species in situ for asymmetric C-SCF3 bond formation. A broad variety of chiral SCF3-carbon nucleophiles (pyrazolones, β-keto esters, and β-keto amides) were obtained in excellent yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee) by Cinchona alkaloid derived squaramide catalysts. The reaction exhibits high efficiency, good enantioselectivity, and high functional group tolerance, which provided a novel and efficient way for asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethylthiolated carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Zhiang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yingchao Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
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5
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Rehpenn A, Hindelang S, Truong KN, Pöthig A, Storch G. Enhancing Flavins Photochemical Activity in Hydrogen Atom Abstraction and Triplet Sensitization through Ring-Contraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318590. [PMID: 38339882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The isoalloxazine heterocycle of flavin cofactors reacts with various nucleophiles to form covalent adducts with important functions in enzymes. Molecular flavin models allow for the characterization of such adducts and the study of their properties. A fascinating set of reactions occurs when flavins react with hydroxide base, which leads to imidazolonequinoxalines, ring-contracted flavins, with so far unexplored activity. We report a systematic study of the photophysical properties of this new chromophore by absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. Excited, ring-contracted flavins are significantly stronger hydrogen atom abstractors when compared to the parent flavins, which allowed the direct trifluoromethylthiolation of aliphatic methine positions (bond dissociation energy (BDE) of 400.8 kJ mol-1). In an orthogonal activity, their increased triplet energy (E(S0←T1)=244 kJ mol-1) made sensitized reactions possible which exceeded the power of standard flavins. Combining both properties, ring-contracted flavin catalysts enabled the one-pot, five-step transformation of α-tropolone into trans-3,4-disubstituted cyclopentanones. We envision this new class of flavin-derived chromophores to open up new modes of reactivity that are currently impossible with unmodified flavins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rehpenn
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan Hindelang
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Rigaku Europe SE, Hugenottenallee 167, 63263, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Golo Storch
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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6
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Yu F, Wang W, Wang S. Copper-Catalyzed, Interrupted Remote Fluoromethylthiolation of Unactivated C(sp3)-H Bonds. Org Lett 2024; 26:2068-2072. [PMID: 38426710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
An efficient copper-catalyzed selective fluoromethylthiolation of an inert δ-C(sp3)-H bond in sulfonamides was reported. In the presence of a copper catalyst and PhSO2SRf, the radical generated through 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) was sufficiently trapped by PhSO2SRf, instead of copper, which was prevalent in metal-catalyzed radical-relay processes, incorporating a fluoromethylthio group into molecules. The general substrate scope and mild conditions endowed the method with wide potential applications in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoufeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
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7
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Waddell LJN, Wilson C, Sutherland A. Trifluoromethylthiolation of Arenes Using Lewis Acid and Lewis Base Dual Catalysis. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1275-1284. [PMID: 38156642 PMCID: PMC10804413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Incorporation of the highly lipophilic trifluoromethanesulfenyl group into bioactive molecules facilitates transport through lipid membranes, and thus, CF3S-containing compounds are important for drug discovery. Although reagents and procedures have been reported for arene trifluoromethylthiolation, methods are still required that are applicable to a diverse substrate scope and can be performed under mild conditions. Here, we describe a rapid and efficient approach for the trifluoromethylthiolation of arenes by catalytic activation of N-trifluoromethylthiosaccharin using a combination of iron(III) chloride and diphenyl selenide. This dual catalytic process allowed regioselective functionalization of a wide range of arenes and N-heterocycles under mild conditions and was used for the trifluoromethylthiolation of bioactive compounds such as tyrosine and estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan J N Waddell
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Claire Wilson
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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8
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Gregorc J, Lensen N, Chaume G, Iskra J, Brigaud T. Trifluoromethylthiolation of Tryptophan and Tyrosine Derivatives: A Tool for Enhancing the Local Hydrophobicity of Peptides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13169-13177. [PMID: 37672679 PMCID: PMC10507666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of fluorinated groups into peptides significantly affects their biophysical properties. We report herein the synthesis of Fmoc-protected trifluoromethylthiolated tyrosine (CF3S-Tyr) and tryptophan (CF3S-Trp) analogues on a gram scale (77-93% yield) and demonstrate their use as highly hydrophobic fluorinated building blocks for peptide chemistry. The developed methodology was successfully applied to the late-stage regioselective trifluoromethylthiolation of Trp residues in short peptides (66-80% yield) and the synthesis of various CF3S-analogues of biologically active monoamines. To prove the concept, Fmoc-(CF3S)Tyr and -Trp were incorporated into the endomorphin-1 chain (EM-1) and into model tripeptides by solid-phase peptide synthesis. A remarkable enhancement of the local hydrophobicity of the trifluoromethylthiolated peptides was quantified by the chromatographic hydrophobicity index determination method, demonstrating the high potential of CF3S-containing amino acids for the rational design of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Gregorc
- Chair
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- CY
Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy Pontoise 95000, France
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Nathalie Lensen
- CY
Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy Pontoise 95000, France
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Grégory Chaume
- CY
Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy Pontoise 95000, France
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Jernej Iskra
- Chair
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Thierry Brigaud
- CY
Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy Pontoise 95000, France
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Orsay 91400, France
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9
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Lin D, Coe M, Krishnamurti V, Ispizua-Rodriguez X, Surya Prakash GK. Recent Advances in Visible Light-Mediated Radical Fluoro-alkylation, -alkoxylation, -alkylthiolation, -alkylselenolation, and -alkylamination. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300104. [PMID: 37212421 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, many reagents and protocols have been developed to allow for the efficient fluorofunctionalization of a diverse set of scaffolds ranging from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and (hetero)arenes. The concomitant rise of organofluorine chemistry and visible light-mediated synthesis have synergistically expanded the fields and have mutually benefitted from developments in both fields. In this context, visible light driven formations of radicals containing fluorine have been a major focus for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. This review details the recent advances and progress made in visible light-mediated fluoroalkylation and heteroatom centered radical generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Coe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vinayak Krishnamurti
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xanath Ispizua-Rodriguez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Li Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Gao Y, Chen C, Yuan Z. Lewis Acid Promoted Vicinal Oxytrifluoromethylselenolation of Alkenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:3210-3215. [PMID: 37114993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a metal-free, Lewis acid promoted vicinal oxytrifluoromethylselenolation of alkenes using trifluoromethyl selenoxides as electrophilic trifluoromethylselenolation reagents and alcohols as nucleophiles. With less steric and good nucleophilic solvents (such as ethanol and methol), Tf2O-catalyzed oxytrifluoromethylselenolation could be realized, while stoichiometric Tf2O was required to promote full transformation with less nucleophilic and steric solvents (such as isopropanol and tert-butanol). The reaction featured good substrate scope, functional group compatibility, and diastereoselectivity. This method could be further applied to oxytrifluoromethylselenolation, aminotrifluoromethylselenolation with stoichiometric nucleophiles under modified conditions. A mechanism involving a seleniranium ion was proposed based on the preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Shangbiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Zheliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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