1
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Pünner F, Sohtome Y, Lyu Y, Hashizume D, Akakabe M, Yoshimura M, Yashiroda Y, Yoshida M, Sodeoka M. Catalytic Aerobic Carbooxygenation for the Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Centers: Application to the Synthesis of Hexasubstituted γ-Lactones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202405876. [PMID: 39031750 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Strategic design for the construction of contiguous tetrasubstituted carbon centers represents a daunting challenge in synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, we report a combined experimental and computational investigation aimed at developing catalytic aerobic carbooxygenation, involving the intramolecular addition of tertiary radicals to geminally disubstituted alkenes, followed by aerobic oxygenation. This reaction provides a straightforward route to various α,α,β,β-tetrasubstituted γ-lactones, which can be readily transformed into hexasubstituted γ-lactones through allylation/translactonization. Computational analysis reveals that the key mechanistic foundation for achieving the developed aerobic carbooxygenation involves the design of endothermic (energetically uphill) C-C bond formation followed by exothermic (energetically downhill) oxygenation. Furthermore, we highlight a unique fluorine-induced stereoelectronic effect that stabilizes the endothermic stereodetermining transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Pünner
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sohtome
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
- Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory Department of Applied Chemistry College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yanzong Lyu
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mai Akakabe
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshimura
- Molecular Ligand Target Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoko Yashiroda
- Molecular Ligand Target Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
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2
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Lin LC, Suresh S, Lin KW, Kavala V, Yao CF. One-Pot Knoevenagel/Imination/6π-Azaelectrocyclization Sequence for the Synthesis of Disubstituted Nicotinonitriles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37437261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
We report on a copper-catalyzed three-component reaction for the synthesis of disubstituted nicotinonitriles using 3-bromopropenals, benzoylacetonitriles, and ammonium acetate (NH4OAc). The Knoevenagel-type condensation of 3-bromopropenals with benzoylacetonitriles gives δ-bromo-2,4-dienones that contain strategically placed functional groups that react with the ammonia generated in situ to give the corresponding azatrienes. These azatrienes can then be transformed into trisubstituted pyridines under the reaction conditions via a reaction sequence involving 6π-azaelectrocyclization and aromatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sundaram Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Wu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Veerababurao Kavala
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Zhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, R.O.C
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3
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Yadykov AV, Eremchenko AE, Milosavljevic A, Frontier AJ, Shirinian VZ. Divergent Reactivity of Triaryldivinyl Ketones: Competing 4π and Putative 6π Electrocyclization Pathways. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13643-13652. [PMID: 36220664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work describes an acid-promoted cyclization of triaryldivinyl ketones containing a thiophene moiety in the α-position. Two cyclization pathways are accessible: one a 4π-Nazarov cyclization and the other we propose to proceed through a 6π electrocyclic mechanism. The relative proportion of products from these divergent pathways is affected by reaction conditions and steric bulk in the substrate. We present experimental and computational evidence that when using HCl in dioxane, the 4π-conrotatory electrocyclization is more favorable, whereas GaCl3 in methylene chloride shifts the chemoselectivity toward a putative 6π-disrotatory electrocyclization. DFT calculations suggest that a complex interplay between kinetic and thermodynamic factors is implicated in the chemodivergent behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Yadykov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Artem E Eremchenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksa Milosavljevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14611, United States
| | - Alison J Frontier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14611, United States
| | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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4
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Antol I, Glasovac Z, Murata Y, Hashikawa Y, Margetić D. Consecutive Utilization of Mechanochemical and Microwave Methods for the Synthesis of Boc‐2‐amino‐quinazolin‐4(3
H
)‐ones and DFT Study of Mechanism 6π‐Diazaelectrocyclization Process. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Antol
- Laboratory for physical organic chemistry Division of organic chemistry and Biochemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička c. 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Zoran Glasovac
- Laboratory for physical organic chemistry Division of organic chemistry and Biochemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička c. 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Structural Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department Division of Synthetic Chemistry Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Structural Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department Division of Synthetic Chemistry Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Davor Margetić
- Laboratory for physical organic chemistry Division of organic chemistry and Biochemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička c. 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia
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5
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Paul A, Kulkarni SS. Synthesis of L-hexoses: an Update. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3224-3237. [PMID: 34075685 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, carbohydrates have increasingly become an important class of compounds contributing significantly to the target specific drug discovery and vaccine development. Several oligosaccharides contain L-hexoses that are biologically relevant as therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Since, L-hexoses and deoxy L-hexoses are not readily available in large amount and pure form, attention is drawn towards development of cost effective and high yielding synthetic routes for their procurement. In this review we give an update on the recent developments in strategies for synthesis of L-hexoses and deoxy L-hexoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
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6
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See NW, Wimmer N, Krenske EH, Ferro V. A Substituent‐Directed Strategy for the Selective Synthesis of L‐Hexoses: An Expeditious Route to L‐Idose. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. See
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Norbert Wimmer
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Elizabeth H. Krenske
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Vito Ferro
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
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7
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Makarov AS, Uchuskin MG, Hashmi ASK. Intramolecular azavinyl carbene-triggered rearrangement of furans. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8583-8588. [PMID: 31803433 PMCID: PMC6839507 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An intramolecular rhodium-catalyzed reaction of 1-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles with furans has been explored. The tosylimino functionality was found to play a significant chemical role participating in the subsequent domino-transformations of a key reaction intermediate. One of the reaction pathways leads to valuable 2-formyl- and 2-acetylpyridine building blocks, which could be obtained in one-pot starting from easily accessible (furan-2-ylmethyl)propargyl amines. An original method for the synthesis of highly functionalized indolizines from the obtained pyridines has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S Makarov
- Department of Chemistry , Perm State University , Bukireva 15 , 614990 Perm , Russia .
| | - Maxim G Uchuskin
- Department of Chemistry , Perm State University , Bukireva 15 , 614990 Perm , Russia .
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Chemistry Department , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia .
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8
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Ball-Jones MP, Tyler J, Mora-Radó H, Czechtizky W, Méndez M, Harrity JPA. Exploiting Hydrazones To Improve the Efficiency of 6π-Electrocyclization Reactions of 1-Azatrienes. Org Lett 2019; 21:6821-6824. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasper Tyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Helena Mora-Radó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, G838, D-65926 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Werngard Czechtizky
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, G838, D-65926 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - María Méndez
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, G838, D-65926 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph P. A. Harrity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
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9
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Synthesis of Polysubstituted 3-Methylisoquinolines through the 6π-Electron Cyclization/Elimination of 1-Azatrienes derived from 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Matsuki N, Inoue Y, Mori T. Orbital Control of Photochemical Rearrangement of 4-Aryl-1,1-dicyano-1-butenes through the Hyperconjugative Substitution on the Linker Chain. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4957-4961. [PMID: 27973867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyperconjugative interaction was demonstrated to play a vital role in the photochemistry of 4-aryl-1,1-dicyano-1-butenes. Thus a simple substituent on the benzylic position effectively induced a new photoreactivity to afford an allylic rearrangement product that is not obtained for the parent substrate. The natural bond orbital analysis was employed to reveal the enhanced relative contributions of hyperconjugation in the excited state, which dramatically alter the photochemical outcomes not only by reducing the strength of the allylic/benzylic bond but more crucially by affecting the conformer distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Matsuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Mohamed S, Krenske EH, Ferro V. The stereoselectivities of tributyltin hydride-mediated reductions of 5-bromo-D-glucuronides to L-iduronides are dependent on the anomeric substituent: syntheses and DFT calculations. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2950-60. [PMID: 26878700 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the shortest synthetic routes to L-iduronic acid derivatives is via free radical reduction of the C-5 bromide of the corresponding protected D-glucuronic acid derivative. The epimerization of such C-5 bromides to the L-ido derivatives via reaction with tributyltin hydride was investigated. It was found that the stereoselectivity of the reaction was dependent on the anomeric substituent. If the substituent was fluoride the L-ido product was obtained exclusively in 65-72% yield whereas the O-methyl or O-acetyl derivatives led to isomeric mixtures of both the L-ido and D-gluco products in different ratios depending on the reaction conditions. DFT calculations were performed to determine the stereoelectronic factors that favour formation of the L-ido isomer from the fluoride and suggest the selectivity is due to a transition state gauche effect and an Sn-F interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaza Mohamed
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth H Krenske
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Vito Ferro
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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