1
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Jung S, Yoon S, Lee JK, Min SJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of Benzo[ a]quinolizidines via Aerobic DDQ-Catalyzed Allylation and Reductive Cyclization. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32562-32568. [PMID: 36120044 PMCID: PMC9476524 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective synthesis of C4-substituted benzo[a]quinolizidines via redox-controlled catalytic C-C-bond-forming reactions was carried out. Aerobic DDQ-catalyzed allylation of N-Cbz tetrahydroisoquinolines efficiently provided α-allylated products 5, which were transformed to enones 6 via cross-metathesis reactions using the second-generation Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst. Palladium-catalyzed hydrogenation of 6 prompted alkene reduction, protecting group removal, and intramolecular reductive amination in one step to afford the desired benzo[a]quinolizidines 7 as single diastereomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhwa Jung
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungri Yoon
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyun Lee
- Brain
Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science
and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical & Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
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2
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Abstract
The fields of C-H functionalization and photoredox catalysis have garnered enormous interest and utility in the past several decades. Many different scientific disciplines have relied on C-H functionalization and photoredox strategies including natural product synthesis, drug discovery, radiolabeling, bioconjugation, materials, and fine chemical synthesis. In this Review, we highlight the use of photoredox catalysis in C-H functionalization reactions. We separate the review into inorganic/organometallic photoredox catalysts and organic-based photoredox catalytic systems. Further subdivision by reaction class─either sp2 or sp3 C-H functionalization─lends perspective and tactical strategies for use of these methods in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Holmberg-Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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3
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Paek SM. Synthesis of Tetrabenazine and Its Derivatives, Pursuing Efficiency and Selectivity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051175. [PMID: 32151010 PMCID: PMC7179236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrabenazine is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug that exhibits a dopamine depleting effect and is used for the treatment of chorea in Huntington’s disease. Mechanistically, tetrabenazine binds and inhibits vesicular monoamine transporter type 2, which is responsible for importing neurotransmitters from the cytosol to the vesicles in neuronal cells. This transportation contributes to the release of neurotransmitters inside the cell to the synaptic cleft, resulting in dopaminergic signal transmission. The highly potent inhibitory activity of tetrabenazine has led to its advanced applications and in-depth investigation of prodrug design and metabolite drug discovery. In addition, the synthesis of enantiomerically pure tetrabenazine has been pursued. After a series of research studies, tetrabenazine derivatives such as valbenazine and deutetrabenazine have been approved by the US FDA. In addition, radioisotopically labeled tetrabenazine permits the early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, which is difficult to treat during the later stages of this disease. These applications were made possible by the synthetic efforts aimed toward the efficient and asymmetric synthesis of tetrabenazine. In this review, various syntheses of tetrabenazine and its derivatives have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Mann Paek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju Daero 501, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea
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4
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Wu YK, Rawal VH. Rapid construction of tetrahydropyridine scaffolds via formal imino Diels-Alder reactions of Schiff bases and Nazarov reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8827-8831. [PMID: 31553010 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Described is a one-flask, two-step method for the synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines. The process involves formal [4 + 2] cycloadditions of Schiff bases and Nazarov reagents, followed by facile elaborations of the initial cycloadducts. Notably, these aza-annulations are facilitated by protic solvents and proceed smoothly under ambient conditions, without other additives. The synthetic utility of this annulation protocol is further showcased through a concise, convergent synthesis of (±)-tetrabenazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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5
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Jung A, Min S. Synthesis of Benzo[ a]quinolizidines via an Aza‐Michael/Oxidative Mannich Process. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Areum Jung
- Department of Applied ChemistryHanyang University Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588
| | - Sun‐Joon Min
- Department of Applied ChemistryHanyang University Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588
- Department of Chemical & Molecular EngineeringHanyang University Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588
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6
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Yang Y, Li Y, Cheng C, Yang G, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li C, Tang L. Synthesis of 4-Aryl Isoquinolinedione Derivatives by a Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Aryl Halides with Isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3348-3353. [PMID: 29400968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones for the synthesis of 4-aryl isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones was developed. The reaction conditions exhibit remarkable compatibility with various aryl halides and isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones, and the product could be conveniently transformed to 4-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines. (±) Dichlorofensine was synthesized using this protocol in two steps with an overall yield of 71%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyong Yang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yingxian Li
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Guo Yang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yonglong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
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7
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Corrigan N, Shanmugam S, Xu J, Boyer C. Photocatalysis in organic and polymer synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 45:6165-6212. [PMID: 27819094 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00185h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review, with over 600 references, summarizes the recent applications of photoredox catalysis for organic transformation and polymer synthesis. Photoredox catalysts are metallo- or organo-compounds capable of absorbing visible light, resulting in an excited state species. This excited state species can donate or accept an electron from other substrates to mediate redox reactions at ambient temperature with high atom efficiency. These catalysts have been successfully implemented for the discovery of novel organic reactions and synthesis of added-value chemicals with an excellent control of selectivity and stereo-regularity. More recently, such catalysts have been implemented by polymer chemists to post-modify polymers in high yields, as well as to effectively catalyze reversible deactivation radical polymerizations and living polymerizations. These catalysts create new approaches for advanced organic transformation and polymer synthesis. The objective of this review is to give an overview of this emerging field to organic and polymer chemists as well as materials scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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8
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Punirun T, Soorukram D, Kuhakarn C, Reutrakul V, Pohmakotr M. Oxidative Difluoromethylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Using TMSCF 2SPh: Synthesis of Fluorinated Pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines and Benzo[a]quinolizidines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:765-782. [PMID: 29271203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient C1-difluoromethylation of tetrahydroisoquinolenes was achieved using TMSCF2SPh as a difluoromethylating agent and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEMPO+BF4-) as an oxidant. The process provides an access to a variety of C1-difluoro(phenylsulfanyl)methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline adducts in good yields. These adducts were employed as key precursors for preparing fluorinated pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline and benzo[a]quinolizidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerachai Punirun
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Darunee Soorukram
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Manat Pohmakotr
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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9
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Qing Z, Cao H, Cheng P, Wang W, Zeng J, Xie H. Visible light photoredox catalyzed semisynthesis of the analogues of maclekarpine E: a series of 6-vinyl substituted dihydrobenzophenanthridine alkaloids. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photoredox neutral vinylation of dihydrobenzophenanthridines 5 was developed to access the analogue of maclekarpine E (8). In this reaction, Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)PF6 was used as a photocatalyst (PC) and α-amino C-radicals 6 were the key reactive intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Qing
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- School of Pharmacy
| | - Hualiang Cao
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Pi Cheng
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients
| | - Wei Wang
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- School of Pharmacy
| | - Hongqi Xie
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
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10
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Ruthenium-Catalyzed Oxidative Formal Aza-Diels-Alder Reaction: Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzo[a
]quinolizine-2-ones. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Visible light photoredox and Polonovski-Potier cyclizations for the synthesis of (±)-5-epi-cermizine C and (±)-epimyrtine. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Abstract
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Benzo[a]quinolizine-2-one derivatives are readily
assembled from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and β-ketoaldehydes
by means of a new intramolecular redox-Mannich process. These reactions
are promoted by simple acetic acid and are thought to involve azomethine
ylides as reactive intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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13
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Liu Z, Huang Y, Xie H, Liu W, Zeng J, Cheng P. A novel C–C radical–radical coupling reaction promoted by visible light: facile synthesis of 6-substituted N-methyl 5,6-dihydrobenzophenanthridine alkaloids. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05927a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A photoredox mediated radical–radical coupling ofN-methyl 5,6-dihydrobenzophenanthridine alkaloids with α-electron withdrawing group substituted bromoalkane has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Liu
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Yajun Huang
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Hongqi Xie
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanicals Functional Ingredients
| | - Wei Liu
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanicals Functional Ingredients
| | - Pi Cheng
- National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resources and Initiative
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanicals Functional Ingredients
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14
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Nicholls TP, Leonori D, Bissember AC. Applications of visible light photoredox catalysis to the synthesis of natural products and related compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1248-1254. [DOI: 10.1039/c6np00070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of natural products and their derivatives continues to inspire organic chemists to identify and test new synthetic strategies and develop and explore novel methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Nicholls
- School of Physical Sciences – Chemistry
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | | | - Alex C. Bissember
- School of Physical Sciences – Chemistry
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
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