1
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Blythe IM, Xu J, Fernandez Odell JS, Kampf JW, Bowring MA, Sanford MS. Characterization and Reactivity of Copper(II) and Copper(III) σ-Aryl Intermediates in Aminoquinoline-Directed C-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18253-18259. [PMID: 37552536 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, numerous reports have focused on the development and applications of Cu-mediated C-H functionalization reactions; however, to date, little is known about the Cu intermediates involved in these transformations. This paper details the observation and characterization of CuII and CuIII intermediates in aminoquinoline-directed C(sp2)-H functionalization of a fluoroarene substrate. An initial C(sp2)-H activation at CuII occurs at room temperature to afford an isolable anionic cyclometalated CuII complex. This complex undergoes single-electron oxidation with ferrocenium or AgI salts under mild conditions (5 min at room temperature) to afford C(sp2)-C(sp2) or C(sp2)-NO2 coupling products. Spectroscopic studies implicate the formation of a transient diamagnetic CuIII-σ-aryl intermediate that undergoes either (i) a second C(sp2)-H activation at CuIII followed by C-C bond-forming reductive elimination or (ii) reaction with a NO2- nucleophile and C(sp2)-NO2 coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Blythe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jingtong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 Woodstock Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Joaquin S Fernandez Odell
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 Woodstock Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Jeff W Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Miriam A Bowring
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 Woodstock Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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2
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Koppaka A, Kirkland JK, Periana RA, Ess DH. Experimental Demonstration and Density Functional Theory Mechanistic Analysis of Arene C-H Bond Oxidation and Product Protection by Osmium Tetroxide in a Strongly Basic/Nucleophilic Solvent. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13573-13582. [PMID: 36191170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactions that result in the oxy-functionalization of sp2 C-H bonds to give phenols are relatively rare. Here we report experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations that demonstrate selective C-H bond hydroxylation of nitroarenes to their corresponding mono-phenoxide as the exclusive product using OsO4 in a highly basic solvent mixture of water, hydroxide, and pyridine. DFT calculations using a mixed explicit/continuum solvent approach indicate that there is likely a mixture of OsO4-hydroxide/pyridine ground-state structures that have competitive reactivity and that the mechanism involves the nucleophilic addition of an anionic metal-oxo species to the arene followed by a hydride transfer process that is different from the standard [3 + 2] mechanism often invoked for the OsO4 oxidation of σ and π bonds. This work demonstrates the utility of using a strongly basic solvent for C-H bond oxidation reactions as this effectively converts any reactive phenolic product into the corresponding phenoxide, which is protected and essentially inert to further oxidation by the nucleophilic metal-oxo species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Koppaka
- The Scripps Energy and Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Justin K Kirkland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Roy A Periana
- The Scripps Energy and Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Daniel H Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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3
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Kong F, Chen S, Chen J, Liu C, Zhu W, Dickie DA, Schinski WL, Zhang S, Ess DH, Gunnoe TB. Cu(II) carboxylate arene C─H functionalization: Tuning for nonradical pathways. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd1594. [PMID: 36001664 PMCID: PMC9401614 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report carbon-hydrogen acetoxylation of nondirected arenes benzene and toluene, as well as related functionalization with pivalate and 2-ethylhexanoate ester groups, using simple copper(II) [Cu(II)] salts with over 80% yield. By changing the ratio of benzene and Cu(II) salts, 2.4% conversion of benzene can be reached. Combined experimental and computational studies results indicate that the arene carbon-hydrogen functionalization likely occurs by a nonradical Cu(II)-mediated organometallic pathway. The Cu(II) salts used in the reaction can be isolated, recycled, and reused with little change in reactivity. In addition, the Cu(II) salts can be regenerated in situ using oxygen and, after the removal of the generated water, the arene carbon-hydrogen acetoxylation and related esterification reactions can be continued, which leads to a process that enables recycling of Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Shusen Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Junqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Weihao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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4
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Madasamy K, Balakrishnan MH, Korivi R, Mannathan S. Trifluoroacetic Acid-Mediated Denitrogenative ortho-Hydroxylation of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3 H)-ones: A Metal-Free Approach. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8752-8756. [PMID: 35700398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient trifluoroacetic acid-mediated denitrogenative hydroxylation of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones is described. This metal-free approach is compatible with a wide range of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones, affording ortho-hydroxylated benzamides in good to high yields with a short reaction time. The reaction is believed to proceed via a benzene diazonium intermediate. The synthetic utility of the reaction was successfully demonstrated by the preparation of an antimicrobial drug, Riparin C, and benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Madasamy
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University, AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
| | - Madasamy Hari Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Ramaraju Korivi
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University, AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
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5
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Sau S, Mal P. C‐H Hydroxylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones through ipso‐Substitution Using tert‐Butyl Nitrite. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Sau
- NISER: National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences IOP Campus, PO Sainik School, Khorda District 752050 Bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- NISER Bhubaneswar School of Chemical Sciences PO Bhimpur-PadanpurVia JatniDistrict Khurda 752050 Bhubaneswar INDIA
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6
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Bittner N, Boon A, Delbanco EH, Walter C, Mally A. Assessment of aromatic amides in printed food contact materials: analysis of potential cleavage to primary aromatic amines during simulated passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1423-1435. [PMID: 35247070 PMCID: PMC9013685 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03254-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent analyses conducted by German official food control reported detection of the aromatic amides N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)acetamide (NDPA), N-acetoacetyl-m-xylidine (NAAX) and 3-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide (Naphthol AS) in cold water extracts from certain food contact materials made from paper or cardboard, including paper straws, paper napkins, and cupcake liners. Because aromatic amides may be cleaved to potentially genotoxic primary amines upon oral intake, these findings raise concern that transfer of NDPA, NAAX and Naphthol AS from food contact materials into food may present a risk to human health. The aim of the present work was to assess the stability of NDPA, NAAX and Naphthol AS and potential cleavage to 2,4-dimethylaniline (2,4-DMA) and aniline during simulated passage through the gastrointestinal tract using static in vitro digestion models. Using the digestion model established by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM, Bilthoven, NL) and a protocol recommended by the European Food Safety Authority, potential hydrolysis of the aromatic amides to the respective aromatic amines was assessed by LC-MS/MS following incubation of the aromatic amides with digestive fluid simulants. Time-dependent hydrolysis of NDPA and NAAX resulting in formation of the primary aromatic amine 2,4-DMA was consistently observed in both models. The highest rate of cleavage of NDPA and NAAX was recorded following 4 h incubation with 0.07 M HCl as gastric-juice simulant, and amounted to 0.21% and 0.053%, respectively. Incubation of Naphthol AS with digestive fluid simulants did not give rise to an increase in the concentration of aniline above the background that resulted from the presence of aniline as an impurity of the test compound. Considering the lack of evidence for aniline formation from Naphthol AS and the extremely low rate of hydrolysis of the amide bonds of NDPA and NAAX during simulated passage through the gastrointestinal tract that gives rise to only very minor amounts of the potentially mutagenic and/or carcinogenic aromatic amine 2,4-DMA, risk assessment based on assumption of 100% cleavage to the primary aromatic amines would appear to overestimate health risks related to the presence of aromatic amides in food contact materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Bittner
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andy Boon
- Sun Chemical, Sargasso Building, Five Arches Business Centre, Maidstone Road, Sidcup, UK
| | - Evert H Delbanco
- Siegwerk Druckfarben AG & Co. KGaA, Alfred-Keller-Straße 55, 53721, Siegburg, Germany
| | - Christof Walter
- Verband der deutschen Lack- und Druckfarbenindustrie e.V. (VdL), Mainzer Landstraße 55, 60329, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
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7
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Ahmad MS, Meguellati K. Recent Advances in Metal Catalyzed C−H Functionalization with a Wide Range of Directing Groups. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamel Meguellati
- School of Pharmacy Jinan University 855 Xingye Avenue East Guangzhou 511436 China
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8
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Luo F, He S, Gou Q, Chen J, Zhang M. Palladium-catalyzed ortho-C-H hydroxylation of benzoic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Jana R, Begam HM, Dinda E. The emergence of the C-H functionalization strategy in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10842-10866. [PMID: 34596175 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the market competitiveness and urgent societal need, an optimum speed of drug discovery is an important criterion for successful implementation. Despite the rapid ascent of artificial intelligence and computational and bioanalytical techniques to accelerate drug discovery in big pharma, organic synthesis of privileged scaffolds predicted in silico for in vitro and in vivo studies is still considered as the rate-limiting step. C-H activation is the latest technology added into an organic chemist's toolbox for the rapid construction and late-stage modification of functional molecules to achieve the desired chemical and physical properties. Particularly, elimination of prefunctionalization steps, exceptional functional group tolerance, complexity-to-diversity oriented synthesis, and late-stage functionalization of privileged medicinal scaffolds expand the chemical space. It has immense potential for the rapid synthesis of a library of molecules, structural modification to achieve the required pharmacological properties such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicology (ADMET) and attachment of chemical reporters for proteome profiling, metabolite synthesis, etc. for preclinical studies. Although heterocycle synthesis, late-stage drug modification, 18F labelling, methylation, etc. via C-H functionalization have been reviewed from the synthetic standpoint, a general overview of these protocols from medicinal and drug discovery aspects has not been reviewed. In this feature article, we will discuss the recent trends of C-H activation methodologies such as synthesis of medicinal scaffolds through C-H activation/annulation cascade; C-H arylation for sp2-sp2 and sp2-sp3 cross-coupling; C-H borylation/silylation to introduce a functional linchpin for further manipulation; C-H amination for N-heterocycles and hydrogen bond acceptors; C-H fluorination/fluoroalkylation to tune polarity and lipophilicity; C-H methylation: methyl magic in drug discovery; peptide modification and macrocyclization for therapeutics and biologics; fluorescent labelling and radiolabelling for bioimaging; bioconjugation for chemical biology studies; drug-metabolite synthesis for biodistribution and excretion studies; late-stage diversification of drug-molecules to increase efficacy and safety; cutting-edge DNA encoded library synthesis and improved synthesis of drug molecules via C-H activation in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Hasina Mamataj Begam
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Enakshi Dinda
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700107, India
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10
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Trupp L, Bruttomesso AC, Vardé M, Eliseeva SV, Ramírez JA, Petoud S, Barja BC. Innovative Multipodal Ligands Derived from Tröger's Bases for the Sensitization of Lanthanide(III) Luminescence. Chemistry 2020; 26:16900-16909. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Trupp
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, (INQUIMAE) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Andrea C. Bruttomesso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Mariana Vardé
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Svetlana V. Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Javier A. Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Beatriz C. Barja
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, (INQUIMAE) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
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11
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Iqbal Z, Joshi A, Ranjan De S. Recent Advancements on Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed, Chelation‐Induced
ortho
‐Hydroxylation of Arenes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
| | - Asha Joshi
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
| | - Saroj Ranjan De
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
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12
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Pradhan S, Roy S, Banerjee S, De PB, Punniyamurthy T. Oxidative C-H/N-H Annulation of Aromatic Amides with Dialkyl Malonates: Access to Isoindolinones and Dihydrobenzoindoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5741-5749. [PMID: 32233499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A copper-mediated oxidative C-H/N-H annulation of aromatic amides with dialkyl malonates has been presented to afford synthetically valuable dihydrobenzoindoles and isoindolinones. The reaction proceeds through direct oxidative C(sp2)-H/C(sp3)-H coupling followed by an intramolecular N-H/C(sp3)-H dehydrogenative coupling to deliver the target motifs with broad scope and functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Subhasish Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Pinaki Bhusan De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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13
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Rej S, Ano Y, Chatani N. Bidentate Directing Groups: An Efficient Tool in C-H Bond Functionalization Chemistry for the Expedient Construction of C-C Bonds. Chem Rev 2020; 120:1788-1887. [PMID: 31904219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, synthetic organic chemistry discovered that directing group assisted C-H activation is a key tool for the expedient and siteselective construction of C-C bonds. Among the various directing group strategies, bidentate directing groups are now recognized as one of the most efficient devices for the selective functionalization of certain positions due to fact that its metal center permits fine, tunable, and reversible coordination. The family of bidentate directing groups permit various types of assistance to be achieved, such as N,N-dentate, N,O-dentate, and N,S-dentate auxiliaries, which are categorized based on the coordination site. In this review, we broadly discuss various C-H bond functionalization reactions for the formation of C-C bonds with the aid of bidentate directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Rej
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Ano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
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14
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Ohshima T, Morimoto H, Akkad W, Deguchi T. Mechanistic Studies of Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Direct Alcoholysis of 8-Aminoquinoline Amides. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-s(f)30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Lv N, Chen Z, Yu S, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Nickel-catalyzed dual C(sp2)–H activation of arenes: a new route to diaryl ethers. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00655f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diaryl ethers are synthesized directly from simple arenes for the first time through dual C(sp2)–H activation with the aid of a bidentate auxiliary by nickel catalysis. The auxiliary can be removed smoothly under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Lv
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhengkai Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Shuling Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
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16
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Chatterjee S, Srinath R, Bera S, Khamaru K, Rahman A, Banerji B. Cu-Catalyzed Direct Diversification of 2-(2-Bromophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones through Orthogonal Reactivity Modulation. Org Lett 2019; 21:9028-9032. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satadru Chatterjee
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Ravuri Srinath
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Suvankar Bera
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Krishnendu Khamaru
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Afifa Rahman
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Biswadip Banerji
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
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17
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Jiang Y, Feng YY, Zou JX, Lei S, Hu XL, Yin GF, Tan W, Wang Z. Brønsted Base-Switched Selective Mono- and Dithiolation of Benzamides via Copper Catalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10490-10500. [PMID: 31333031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi-yue Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiao-xia Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuai Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-ling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Gao-feng Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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18
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Bakthadoss M, Vijay Kumar P, Kumar R, Agarwal V. Palladium catalyzed chemo- and site-selective C-H acetoxylation and hydroxylation of oxobenzoxazine derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4465-4469. [PMID: 31011718 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00642g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for the introduction of acetoxy and hydroxy functionalities on unactivated aryl sp2 carbons of oxobenzoxazine derivatives via an ortho-C-H activation reaction using a palladium catalyst has been developed for the first time. Interestingly, this intermolecular C-H functionalization reaction takes place in a facile and simple manner with high chemo- and site selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Bakthadoss
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry - 605 014, India.
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19
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Shchur IV, Shchegolkov EV, Burgart YV, Triandafilova GA, Maslova VV, Solodnikov SY, Krasnykh OP, Borisevich SS, Khursan SL, Saloutin VI. Synthesis and Biological Activity of 4-Cycloaminopolyfluorosalicylic Acids. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Shchur
- The Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis; S. Kovalevskoy Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Evgenii V. Shchegolkov
- The Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis; S. Kovalevskoy Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin; Mira Str., 19 Ekaterinburg 620002 Russia
| | - Yanina V. Burgart
- The Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis; S. Kovalevskoy Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin; Mira Str., 19 Ekaterinburg 620002 Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Sophia S. Borisevich
- The Russian Academy of Sciences; Ufa Institute of Chemistry; Octyabrya Av., 71 Ufa 450078 Russia
| | - Sergey L. Khursan
- The Russian Academy of Sciences; Ufa Institute of Chemistry; Octyabrya Av., 71 Ufa 450078 Russia
| | - Victor I. Saloutin
- The Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis; S. Kovalevskoy Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin; Mira Str., 19 Ekaterinburg 620002 Russia
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20
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Gandeepan P, Müller T, Zell D, Cera G, Warratz S, Ackermann L. 3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation. Chem Rev 2018; 119:2192-2452. [PMID: 30480438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1424] [Impact Index Per Article: 237.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material sciences, crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these C-H functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given the cost-effective and sustainable nature of earth-abundant first row transition metals, the development of less toxic, inexpensive 3d metal catalysts for C-H activation has gained considerable recent momentum as a significantly more environmentally-benign and economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Daniel Zell
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
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21
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Ghosh T, Maity P, Ranu BC. Cu(OAc) 2-Promoted Ortho C(sp 2)-H Amidation of 8-Aminoquinoline Benzamide with Acyl Azide: Selective Formation of Aroyl or Acetyl Amide Based on Catalyst Loading. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11758-11767. [PMID: 30211551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the C(sp2) amidation of 8-aminoquinoline benzamide by acyl azide in the presence of copper acetate has been achieved via C-H activation. Interestingly, the loading of copper acetate has a strong influence on the outcome of the reaction. The use of 1 equiv of copper acetate produces the corresponding aroyl amide, whereas the use of 2 equiv led to acetyl amide. A series of substituted benzoyl and acetyl amides has been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tubai Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Pintu Maity
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Brindaban C Ranu
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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22
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Yu Z, Zhang S, Shen Z. Copper-Mediated Cyanation of Aryl C-H Bond with Removable Bidenate Auxiliary Using Acetonitrile as the Cyano Source. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Saisai Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zengming Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
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23
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Grandhi GS, Selvakumar J, Dana S, Baidya M. Directed C–H Bond Functionalization: A Unified Approach to Formal Syntheses of Amorfrutin A, Cajaninstilbene Acid, Hydrangenol, and Macrophyllol. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12327-12333. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Sankar Grandhi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Jayaraman Selvakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Suman Dana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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24
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Sambiagio C, Schönbauer D, Blieck R, Dao-Huy T, Pototschnig G, Schaaf P, Wiesinger T, Zia MF, Wencel-Delord J, Besset T, Maes BUW, Schnürch M. A comprehensive overview of directing groups applied in metal-catalysed C-H functionalisation chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6603-6743. [PMID: 30033454 PMCID: PMC6113863 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1094] [Impact Index Per Article: 182.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review is devoted to summarizing the recent advances (2015-2017) in the field of metal-catalysed group-directed C-H functionalisation. In order to clearly showcase the molecular diversity that can now be accessed by means of directed C-H functionalisation, the whole is organized following the directing groups installed on a substrate. Its aim is to be a comprehensive reference work, where a specific directing group can be easily found, together with the transformations which have been carried out with it. Hence, the primary format of this review is schemes accompanied with a concise explanatory text, in which the directing groups are ordered in sections according to their chemical structure. The schemes feature typical substrates used, the products obtained as well as the required reaction conditions. Importantly, each example is commented on with respect to the most important positive features and drawbacks, on aspects such as selectivity, substrate scope, reaction conditions, directing group removal, and greenness. The targeted readership are both experts in the field of C-H functionalisation chemistry (to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in the last years) and, even more so, all organic chemists who want to introduce the C-H functionalisation way of thinking for a design of straightforward, efficient and step-economic synthetic routes towards molecules of interest to them. Accordingly, this review should be of particular interest also for scientists from industrial R&D sector. Hence, the overall goal of this review is to promote the application of C-H functionalisation reactions outside the research groups dedicated to method development and establishing it as a valuable reaction archetype in contemporary R&D, comparable to the role cross-coupling reactions play to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Sambiagio
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - David Schönbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Remi Blieck
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Toan Dao-Huy
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Gerit Pototschnig
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Patricia Schaaf
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Thomas Wiesinger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Zia
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 7509)
, Université de Strasbourg
,
ECPM 25 Rue Becquerel
, 67087 Strasbourg
, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ
, INSA Rouen
, UNIROUEN
, CNRS
, COBRA (UMR 6014)
,
76000 Rouen
, France
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis (ORSY)
, Department of Chemistry
, University of Antwerp
,
Groenenborgerlaan 171
, 2020 Antwerp
, Belgium
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
, TU Wien
,
Getreidemarkt 9/163
, A-1060 Vienna
, Austria
.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
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26
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Liu SK, Cui XF, Liu XX, Ma HJ, Wei DD, Luo XL, Huang GS. Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Benzamides with Alcohols to Build C-O Bond. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xin-Feng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hao-Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Dai-Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xin-Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Guo-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
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27
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Verho O, Pourghasemi Lati M, Oschmann M. A Two-Step Procedure for the Overall Transamidation of 8-Aminoquinoline Amides Proceeding via the Intermediate N-Acyl-Boc-Carbamates. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4464-4476. [PMID: 29578345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein a two-step strategy for achieving overall transamidation of 8-aminoquinoline amides has been explored. In this protocol, the 8-aminoquinoline amides were first treated with Boc2O and DMAP to form the corresponding N-acyl-Boc-carbamates, which were found to be sufficiently reactive to undergo subsequent aminolysis with different amines in the absence of any additional reagents or catalysts. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, it was applied on a number of 8-aminoquinoline amides from the recent C-H functionalization literature, enabling access to a range of elaborate amide derivatives in good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Verho
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Monireh Pourghasemi Lati
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Michael Oschmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
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28
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Ghosh T, Maity P, Ranu BC. Cobalt-Catalyzed Remote C-4 Functionalization of 8-Aminoquinoline Amides with Ethers via C–H Activation under Visible-Light Irradiation. Access to α-Heteroarylated Ether Derivatives. Org Lett 2018; 20:1011-1014. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tubai Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pintu Maity
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Brindaban C. Ranu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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29
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Chen CY, He F, Tang G, Ding H, Wang Z, Li D, Deng L, Faessler R. A Copper-Catalyzed Tandem C-H ortho
-Hydroxylation and N-N Bond-Formation Transformation: Expedited Synthesis of 1-(ortho
-Hydroxyaryl)-1H
-indazoles. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-yi Chen
- API Small Molecule Development; Janssen Pharmaceutica; Hochstrasse 201 8200 Schaffhausen Switzerland
| | - Fengxian He
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Guangrong Tang
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Han Ding
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Zhaobin Wang
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Dawei Li
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Lujiang Deng
- Porton (Shanghai) R&D Center; 1299 Ziyue Road, Zizhu Science Park 200241 Shanghai Minhang District China
| | - Roger Faessler
- API Small Molecule Development; Janssen Pharmaceutica; Hochstrasse 201 8200 Schaffhausen Switzerland
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30
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Amal Joseph PJ, Priyadarshini S. Copper-Mediated C–X Functionalization of Aryl Halides. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Amal Joseph
- Department
of Chemistry, St. Albert’s College, Ernakulam, Kerala 682018, India
| | - S. Priyadarshini
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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31
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Chen XY, Ozturk S, Sorensen EJ. Pd-Catalyzed Ortho C-H Hydroxylation of Benzaldehydes Using a Transient Directing Group. Org Lett 2017; 19:6280-6283. [PMID: 29129077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The direct Pd-catalyzed ortho C-H hydroxylation of benzaldehydes was achieved using 4-chloroanthranilic acid as the transient directing group, 1-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethylpyridnium triflate as the bystanding oxidant, and p-toluenesulfonic acid as the putative oxygen nucleophile. The unusual C-H chlorination and polyfluoroalkoxylation reactions signaled the importance of external nucleophiles to the outcome of Pd(IV) reductive eliminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Seyma Ozturk
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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32
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Singh BK, Bairy G, Jana R. A General Copper/Manganese Cocatalyzed C-H Selenation of Arenes, Heteroarenes, and Alkenes under Air. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya Kumar Singh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Gurupada Bairy
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
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33
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Tzouras NV, Stamatopoulos IK, Papastavrou AT, Liori AA, Vougioukalakis GC. Sustainable metal catalysis in C H activation. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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Deguchi T, Xin HL, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. Direct Catalytic Alcoholysis of Unactivated 8-Aminoquinoline Amides. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Deguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8582
| | - Hai-Long Xin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8582
| | - Hiroyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8582
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8582
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35
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Liu Y, Liu S, Xiao Y. Transition-metal-catalyzed synthesis of phenols and aryl thiols. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:589-611. [PMID: 28405239 PMCID: PMC5372758 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenols and aryl thiols are fundamental building blocks in organic synthesis and final products with interesting biological activities. Over the past decades, substantial progress has been made in transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, which resulted in the emergence of new methods for the synthesis of phenols and aryl thiols. Aryl halides have been extensively studied as substrates for the synthesis of phenols and aryl thiols. In very recent years, C-H activation represents a powerful strategy for the construction of functionalized phenols directly from various arenes. However, the synthesis of aryl thiols through C-H activation has not been reported. In this review, a brief overview is given of the recent advances in synthetic strategies for both phenols and aryl thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liu
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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36
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Shang M, Shao Q, Sun SZ, Chen YQ, Xu H, Dai HX, Yu JQ. Identification of monodentate oxazoline as a ligand for copper-promoted ortho-C-H hydroxylation and amination. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1469-1473. [PMID: 28572906 PMCID: PMC5452263 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03383k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of a weakly coordinating monodentate directing group for copper mediated ortho-hydroxylation and amination reactions allows for the identification of an external oxazoline ligand as a promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Shanghai 20032 , China . ;
| | - Qian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Shanghai 20032 , China . ;
| | - Shang-Zheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , 200444 , China
| | - Yan-Qiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , USA
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Shanghai 20032 , China . ;
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Shanghai 20032 , China . ;
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Shanghai 20032 , China . ;
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , USA
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37
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Abstract
Ubiquitous tyrosinase catalyses the aerobic oxidation of phenols to catechols through the binuclear copper centres. Here, inspired by the Fischer indole synthesis, we report an iridium-catalysed tyrosinase-like approach to catechols, employing an oxyacetamide-directed C–H hydroxylation on phenols. This method achieves one-step, redox-neutral synthesis of catechols with diverse substituent groups under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies confirm that the directing group (DG) oxyacetamide acts as the oxygen source. This strategy has been applied to the synthesis of different important catechols with fluorescent property and bioactivity from the corresponding phenols. Finally, our method also provides a convenient route to 18O-labelled catechols using 18O-labelled acetic acid. Catechols are common structural motifs in bioactive molecules and synthetic building blocks. Here the authors report a method to convert phenol derivatives into catechols via an iridium-catalysed redox-neutral C–H hydroxylation, giving diversely substituted products under mild conditions.
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38
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Chen Z, Hu L, Zeng F, Zhu R, Zheng S, Yu Q, Huang J. Selective mono-alkylation of N-methoxybenzamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4258-4261. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01201b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report our latest discovery of norbornene derivative modulated highly mono-selective ortho-C–H activation alkylation reactions on arenes bearing simple mono-dentate coordinating groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Le’an Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Fanyun Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Ranran Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Shasha Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Jianhui Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
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39
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Zhao HY, Wang HY, Mao S, Xin M, Zhang H, Zhang SQ. Discovery of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)aniline as a directing group for the sp2 C–H bond amination mediated by cupric acetate. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6622-6631. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2-(Pyridin-2-yl) aniline was designed as a new, removable directing group in promoting C–H amination mediated by cupric acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
| | - Hui-Yan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
| | - Minhang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- PR China
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40
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Yi H, Chen H, Bian C, Tang Z, Singh AK, Qi X, Yue X, Lan Y, Lee JF, Lei A. Coordination strategy-induced selective C–H amination of 8-aminoquinolines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6736-6739. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02601c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Using coordination-strategy, we realized a selective C–H amination of 8-aminoquinolins on the C5 position employing azoles as amines sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang Bian
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zilu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Atul K. Singh
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076
- Taiwan
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
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41
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Chen X, Hao W, Liu Y. Copper-catalyzed tandem aryl–halogen hydroxylation and CH2Cl2-based N,O-acetalization toward the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinones. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3423-3426. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00625j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed tandem reactions consisting of Ar–halogen hydroxylation andN,O-acetalization are designed for the concise synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P.R. China
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42
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Liu Y, Huang M, Wei L. Copper-catalyzed synthesis of benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-4-ones via tandem Ar–halogen bond hydroxylation and dichloromethane-based double Williamson etherification. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00180k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed tandem reactions of o-halobenzoic acids, dichloromethane and KOH giving benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-4-ones via tandem Ar–X hydroxylation and double Williamson etherification are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Meiying Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Li Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
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43
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Reddy MD, Fronczek FR, Watkins EB. Rh-Catalyzed, Regioselective, C–H Bond Functionalization: Access to Quinoline-Branched Amines and Dimers. Org Lett 2016; 18:5620-5623. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Damoder Reddy
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Union University, 1050
Union University Drive, Jackson, Tennessee 38305, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 608 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - E. Blake Watkins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Union University, 1050
Union University Drive, Jackson, Tennessee 38305, United States
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44
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Huang ZY, Yang JF, Song K, Chen Q, Zhou SL, Hao GF, Yang GF. One-Pot Approach to N-Quinolyl 3′/4′-Biaryl Carboxamides by Microwave-Assisted Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling and N-Boc Deprotection. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9647-9657. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-You Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ke Song
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjing 300072, P. R. China
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45
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Singh BK, Polley A, Jana R. Copper(II)-Mediated Intermolecular C(sp2)–H Amination of Benzamides with Electron-Rich Anilines. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4295-303. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya Kumar Singh
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghya Polley
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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46
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Rao WH, Shi BF. Recent advances in copper-mediated chelation-assisted functionalization of unactivated C–H bonds. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00156d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in copper-mediated (both stoichiometric and catalytic) chelation-assisted functionalization of unactivated C–H bonds are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Rao
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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47
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Wang M, Hu Y, Jiang Z, Shen HC, Sun X. Divergent copper-mediated dimerization and hydroxylation of benzamides involving C–H bond functionalization. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4239-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00392c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Copper-mediated C–H activation of aminoquinoline benzamides to give either hydroxylation or dimerization compounds were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yimin Hu
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hong C. Shen
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine
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