1
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xu P, Han W, Xiong HY, Zhang G. Synthesis of Indolyl Phenyl Diketones through Visible-Light-Promoted Ni-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization/Oxidation Sequence of Ynones. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:241-247. [PMID: 38585509 PMCID: PMC10995934 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The combination of visible light catalysis and Ni catalysis has enabled the synthesis of indolyl phenyl diketones through the cyclization/oxidation process of ynones. This reaction proceeded under mild and base-free conditions and showed a broad scope and feasibility for gram-scale synthesis. Several natural products and biologically interesting molecules could be readily postfunctionalized by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhou
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
| | - Peidong Xu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
| | - Weiwei Han
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
| | - Heng-Ying Xiong
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
| | - Guangwu Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R.
China
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2
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Chen DD, Zhang SL. Dual Oxidation of Epoxides with a High-Valent Cu(III)-CF 3 Compound and DMSO to Access 1,2-Diketones. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38050841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reports sequential dehydrogenation and transfer oxygenation of 1,2-diarylepoxides by high-valent phenCu(III)(CF3)3 and DMSO to produce 1,2-diketones. The Cu(III)-CF3 compound serves as a CF3 radical source to abstract the hydrogen atom of the epoxide ring. The resulting ether α-carbon radical undergoes ring-opening rearrangement to give a ketone α-carbon radical intermediate, which is oxygenated by DMSO with the release of Me2S. The combination of a Cu(III)-CF3 compound and DMSO may be exploited to develop other novel oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dou-Dou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Song-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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3
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Shen D, Zhong F, Ren T, Li L, Li Z, Yin J, Gong P, Zhang F, Lv C, Chao M. Alkyne Oxidation by a Vitamin B2-Based Photocatalytic System with Both H 2O and O 2 as the Oxygen Source. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15270-15281. [PMID: 37852799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The employment of readily available photocatalysts and green oxygen atom sources is recognized as a promising strategy to develop sustainable catalysis for oxidation reactions. We herein reported a sacrificial reagent-free system consisting of riboflavin tetraacetate (RFT), an ester of natural vitamin B2 as the photocatalyst, and Sc(OTf)3 and NaCl as the cocatalysts for alkyne oxidation under blue light or even sunlight irradiation to produce 1,2-diketone in which the oxygen atoms were from both water and molecular oxygen, respectively. A major Cl-/Cl• cycle was proposed to be involved and achieved by the excited [RFT-2Sc3+]* complex via single electron transfer for the first time, distinguished from the OCl- active species by a two-electron process in previous flavin-halide photo-oxidation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fubi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Ting Ren
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Linghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zihan Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Junzhong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Peiwei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Fanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, P. R. China
| | - Mianran Chao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
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4
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Ramos-Martín M, Ríos-Lombardía N, González-Sabín J, García-Garrido SE, Concellón C, Presa Soto A, Del Amo V, García-Álvarez J. Fe III -Based Eutectic Mixtures as Multi-task and Reusable Reaction Media for Efficient and Selective Conversion of Alkynes into Carbonyl Compounds. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301736. [PMID: 37439586 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, simple and general protocol for the selective hydration of terminal alkynes into the corresponding methyl ketones has been developed by using a cheap, easy-to-synthesise and sustainable FeIII -based eutectic mixture [FeCl3 ⋅ 6H2 O/Gly (3 : 1)] as both promoter and solvent for the hydration reaction, working: i) under mild (45 °C) and bench-type reaction conditions (air); and ii) in the absence of ligands, co-catalysts, co-solvents or toxic, non-abundant and expensive noble transition metals (Au, Ru, Pd). When the final methyl ketones are solid/insoluble in the eutectic mixture, the hydration reaction takes place in 30 min, and the obtained methyl ketones can be isolated by simply decanting the liquid FeIII -DES, allowing the direct isolation of the desired ketones without VOC solvents. By using this straightforward and simple isolation protocol, we have been able to recycle the FeIII -based eutectic mixture system up to eight consecutive times. Furthermore, the FeIII -eutectic mixture is able to promote the selective and efficient formal oxidation of internal alkynes into 1,2-diketones, with the possibility of recycling this system up to three consecutive times. Preliminary investigations into a possible mechanism for the oxidation of the internal alkynes seem to indicate that it proceeds through the formation of the corresponding methyl ketones and α-chloroketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ramos-Martín
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
| | - Nicolas Ríos-Lombardía
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
- Entrechem SL, Vivero Ciencias de la Salud, Colegio Santo Domingo de Guzmán s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier González-Sabín
- Entrechem SL, Vivero Ciencias de la Salud, Colegio Santo Domingo de Guzmán s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sergio E García-Garrido
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
| | - Carmen Concellón
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
| | - Alejandro Presa Soto
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
| | - Vicente Del Amo
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
| | - Joaquín García-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Química Sintética Sostenible (QuimSinSos), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, (IUQOEM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E33071, Oviedo, Spain)
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5
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Mondal S, Chatterjee N, Maity S. Recent Developments on Photochemical Synthesis of 1,n-Dicarbonyls. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301147. [PMID: 37335758 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
1,n-dicarbonyls are one of the most fascinating chemical feedstocks finding abundant usage in the field of pharmaceuticals. Besides, they are utilized in a plethora of synthesis in general synthetic organic chemistry. A number of 'conventional' methods are available for their synthesis, such as the Stetter reaction, Baker-Venkatraman rearrangement, oxidation of vicinal diols, and oxidation of deoxybenzoins, synonymous with unfriendly reagents and conditions. In the last 15 years or so, photocatalysis has taken the world of synthetic organic chemistry by a remarkable renaissance. It is fair to say now that everybody loves the light and photoredox chemistry has opened a new gateway to organic chemists towards milder, more simpler alternatives to the previously available methods, allowing access to many sensitive reactions and products. In this review, we present the readers with the photochemical synthesis of a variety of 1,n-dicarbonyls. Diverse photocatalytic pathways to these fascinating molecules have been discussed, placing special emphasis on the mechanisms, giving the reader an opportunity to find all these significant developments in one place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Mondal
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Nirbhik Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchrapara College, North 24 Parganas, 743145, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
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6
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Visible-light-induced photocatalytic C H arylation-oxidation of vinylarenes: Facile access to (un)symmetrical 1,2-diarylethane-1,2-diones in water. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Feng Q, Wang Y, Zheng B, Huang S. Electrochemical Oxidative Cleavage of Alkynes to Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2023; 25:293-297. [PMID: 36587377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable method for converting terminal alkynes into their corresponding carboxylic acids is reported using synthetic electrolysis in an undivided cell at room temperature. This protocol, avoiding transition metal catalysis and stoichiometric chemical oxidants, tolerates a variety of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl akynes. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrate that sodium nitrite serves a triple role as the electrolyte, nitryl radical precursor, and a nitrosating reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Feng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Binnan Zheng
- Ningxia Best Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750411, China
| | - Shenlin Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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8
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Co(II) and 2-amino-perimidinium based new generation hybrid material promoted facile dimerization of aroyl chloride: A route to α-diketone. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Bhargava Reddy M, Prasanth K, Neerathilingam N, Anandhan R. Quinazolinones/Benzothiadiazines as Amidyl/Aminyl Radical Precursors for Controlled Cascade Cyclization via Photocatalyzed PCET. Org Lett 2022; 24:8158-8163. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kesavan Prasanth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Anandhan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India
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10
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Echemendía R, de Jesus MP, Furniel LG, Day DP, Burtoloso ACB. Molecular Iodine Mediated Oxidation of Arylated α‐Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides to 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Containing Compounds. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radell Echemendía
- University of Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo Physical Chemistry BRAZIL
| | - Matheus P. de Jesus
- University of Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo Physical Chemistry BRAZIL
| | - Lucas G. Furniel
- University of Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo Physical Chemistry BRAZIL
| | - David P Day
- University of Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo Physical Chemistry BRAZIL
| | - Antonio Carlos Bender Burtoloso
- UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Avenida João Dagnone, 1100, Loteamento Habitacional São Carlos 1INSTITUTO DE QUIMICA DE SAO CARLOS, UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, CAMPUS 2 13563-120 SÃO CARLOS BRAZIL
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11
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Zhang T, Wang Y, Wang B, Jin W, Xia Y, Liu C, Zhang Y. Visible‐Light‐Induced Oxidation of Diazenyl‐Protected Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Isoindolines for the Synthesis of Functionalized Lactams. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Chenjiang Liu
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
- College of Future Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 P. R. China
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12
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Reddy MB, Prasanth K, Anandhan R. Controlled Photochemical Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinoline-1,3,4(2 H)-triones, 3-Hydroxyisoindolin-1-ones, and Phthalimides via Amidyl Radical Cyclization Cascade. Org Lett 2022; 24:3674-3679. [PMID: 35549291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a controlled radical cyclization cascade of isoquinoline-1,3,4(2H)-triones, 3-hydroxyisoindolin-1-ones, and phthalimides from o-alkynylated benzamides by metal-free photoredox catalyzed amidyl N-centered radical addition to the C-C triple bond using the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process under mild reaction conditions. A time tunable synthesis of 3-hydroxyisoindolin-1-ones and phthalimides via β-carbonyl-C(sp3) bond cleavage was also achieved under visible light irradiation. A mechanistic rationale for the radical cyclization cascade is supported by various control and quenching experiments as well as EPR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kesavan Prasanth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Anandhan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, India
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13
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Liang JY, Wang YJ, Zou Q, Zhang Y, Chen Z. Gold Catalyzed Oxidation of Vinyl Acetylenes into Vinyl & Divinyl Diketones and its Synthetic Application. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Luridiana A, Frongia A, Scorciapino MA, Malloci G, Manconi B, Serrao S, Ricci PC, Secci F. Z
‐Selective Synthesis of α‐Sulfanyl Carbonyl Compounds from Internal Alkynes and Thiols via Photoredox Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Luridiana
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Angelo Frongia
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Mariano Andrea Scorciapino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Giuliano Malloci
- Department of Physics Università degli Studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari) Italy
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Simone Serrao
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Pier Carlo Ricci
- Department of Physics Università degli Studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari) Italy
| | - Francesco Secci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Geology Università degli studi di Cagliari Complesso Universitario di Monserrato 09042 Monserrato Italy
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15
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Song J, Zhang K, Huang Z, Zhao J, Yang Z, Zong L, Chen J, Xie C, Jia X. A porous organic polymer supported Pd/Cu bimetallic catalyst for heterogeneous oxidation of alkynes to 1,2-diketones. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02002a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reusable Pd/Cu bimetal-loaded porous organic polymer (Pd/Cu@POP–POPh3) has been developed for heterogeneous oxidation of various alkynes to afford the corresponding 1,2-diketones in high to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhongye Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Yang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lingbo Zong
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Congxia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
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16
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Yu YH, Huang SL, Yang GY. [Ru(NꓥNꓥN)2-Ce]-based Framework for Photocatalytic Sulfide Oxidation and Hydrogen Production. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00397j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using photosensitized Ru(NꓥNꓥN)2-metalloligand, a series of Ce-frameworks were synthesized. The incorporation of visible-light-responsive Ru(NꓥNꓥN)2-unit endows the Ce-frameworks with photocatalytic activities in both sulfide oxidation and hydrogen production. The doping of...
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17
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Li S, Tian D, Zhao X, Yin Y, Lee R, Jiang Z. Visible light-driven copper( ii) catalyzed aerobic oxidative cleavage of carbon–carbon bonds: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By switching on visible blue light, aerobic oxidation of various substrates, such as α-substituted, β-substituted and α-halo styrenes, was first realized with a copper(ii) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Dong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Richmond Lee
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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18
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Shaikh SKJ, KAMBLE RAVINDRA, Bayannavar PK, Kariduraganavar MY. Benzils: A Review on their Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - RAVINDRA KAMBLE
- Karnatak University, Dharwad-580003 CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRYKARNATAK UNIVERSITYPAVATE NAGAR 580003 DHARWAD INDIA
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19
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Xu GQ, Xu PF. Visible light organic photoredox catalytic cascade reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12914-12935. [PMID: 34782893 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04883j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past years, impressive progress has been made in the development of organic photoredox catalytic cascade reactions without the participation of expensive and toxic transition metals under visible light irradiation. These transformations highly depend on the in situ generation of various radical species in the photoredox catalytic cycles. Numerous chemically and biomedically valuable building blocks have been synthesized through this efficient and sustainable protocol. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in this blooming area by presenting a series of new catalytic cascade reactions mediated by organic photoredox catalysts and describe their mechanisms and applications which have appeared in the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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20
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Kimura K, Kurahashi T, Matsubara S. Aerobic Direct Dioxygenation of Terminal/Internal Alkynes to α-Hydroxyketones by an Fe Porphyrin Catalyst. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3615-3618. [PMID: 34523231 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a new synthetic method for the preparation of α-hydroxyketones by the dioxygenation of alkynes. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under the action of Fe porphyrin and pinacolborane under air as a green oxidant to produce α-hydroxyketones. The mild reaction conditions allow chemoselective oxidation with functional group tolerance. Terminal alkynes in addition to internal alkynes are applicable, affording unsymmetrical α-hydroxyketones that are difficult to obtain by any reported dioxygenation of unsaturated C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Kurahashi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Seijiro Matsubara
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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21
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Mei X, Hu W, Gao K, Gao H, Wang C, Qian G, Rong Z. Synthesis of 1,2-diketones by mercury-catalyzed alkyne oxidation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1946082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Mei
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Weican Hu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Kexin Gao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Haotian Gao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Guoying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Zhouting Rong
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, PR China
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22
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Kumar A, Sridharan V. Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,2‐Diketones: An Overview. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Central University of Jammu Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba Jammu-181143, J&K India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Central University of Jammu Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba Jammu-181143, J&K India
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23
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Sujatha C, Nallagangula M, Namitharan K. Harnessing In Situ Radical Oxygenation: Copper-Catalyzed Interrupted Azirine-Alkyne Ring-Expansion Reaction for the Synthesis of Pyrrolones. Org Lett 2021; 23:4219-4223. [PMID: 34010563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a novel interrupted azirine-alkyne ring-expansion reaction with molecular oxygen for the direct synthesis of highly functionalized pyrrolones enabled by copper catalysis. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the present three-component reaction proceeds via two copper-catalyzed sequential reactions, an azirine-ring-opening alkynylation and an amine-directed radical oxygenation, leading to the formation of interesting pyrrolone structures under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandragiri Sujatha
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory, SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, SRMIST, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhu Nallagangula
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory, SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, SRMIST, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kayambu Namitharan
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory, SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, SRMIST, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.,Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Noida 201 301, Uttar Pradesh, India
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24
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Sutar SM, Prabhala P, Savanur HM, Kalkhambkar RG, Aridoss G, Laali KK. Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of Arylethynes and Aryltriazenes to Access Libraries of 1,2‐Diketones and Their Efficacy in Synthesis of Triaryloxazoles, Imidazoles and Diaryl‐Diazepines. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj M. Sutar
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnatak 580001 India
| | - Pavankumar Prabhala
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnatak 580001 India
| | - Hemantkumar M. Savanur
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry P. C. Jabin Science College Hubli, Karnatak 580021 India
| | - Rajesh G. Kalkhambkar
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnatak 580001 India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Aridoss
- Anygen Co., Ltd., Gwangju Technopark Cheomdan Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61008 South Korea
| | - Kenneth K. Laali
- Department of Chemistry University of North Florida, 1, UNF Drive Jacksonville, Florida 32224 USA
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25
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Chand S, Pandey AK, Singh R, Singh KN. Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Oxidative Decarboxylation of Cinnamic Acids to 1,2-Diketones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6486-6493. [PMID: 33851837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A concerted metallophotoredox catalysis has been realized for the efficient decarboxylative functionalization of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with aryl iodides in the presence of perylene bisimide dye to afford 1,2-diketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anand Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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26
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Dhara AK, Maity S, Dhar BB. Visible-Light-Mediated Synthesis of Substituted Phenazine and Phenoxazinone Using Eosin Y as a Photoredox Catalyst. Org Lett 2021; 23:3269-3273. [PMID: 33880922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an efficient, sustainable, one-step procedure for synthesizing substituted phenazines and phenoxazinones from commercially available ortho-substituted aromatic amines with very good yield (≥80%) in water. The procedure uses eosin Y (EY) as a photoredox catalyst at room temperature (RT). The highly reactive o-quinone-diimine or o-quinone-imine intermediate was characterized by the HR-MS technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Dadri, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Sayantan Maity
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Dadri, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Basab Bijayi Dhar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Dadri, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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27
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Shen D, Wang H, Zheng Y, Zhu X, Gong P, Wang B, You J, Zhao Y, Chao M. Catalyst-Free and Transition-Metal-Free Approach to 1,2-Diketones via Aerobic Alkyne Oxidation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5354-5361. [PMID: 33764062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst-free and transition-metal-free method for the synthesis of 1,2-diketones from aerobic alkyne oxidation was reported. The oxidation of various internal alkynes, especially more challenging aryl-alkyl acetylenes, proceeded smoothly with inexpensive, easily handled, and commercially available potassium persulfate and an ambient air balloon, achieving the corresponding 1,2-diketones with up to 85% yields. Meanwhile, mechanistic studies indicated a radical process, and the two oxygen atoms in the 1,2-diketons were most likely from persulfate salts and molecular oxygen, respectively, rather than water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Xinjing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Peiwei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jinmao You
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China.,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810001, P. R. China
| | - Yulei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Mianran Chao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
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28
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Gujjarappa R, Vodnala N, Kandpal A, Roy L, Gupta S, Malakar CC. C sp–C sp bond cleavage and fragment coupling: a transition metal-free “extrusion and recombination” approach towards synthesis of 1,2-diketones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00848j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free strategy for C–C bond activation of 1,3-diynes has been established via an “extrusion and recombination” approach to derive structurally important 1,2-diketones in good yields with excellent selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Gujjarappa
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur, India
| | - Nagaraju Vodnala
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Multi-storey building, HauzKhas, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Ashish Kandpal
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai – IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai – IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Sreya Gupta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur, India
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29
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Zhu JL, Tsai YT. Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Decomposition of 1,3-Diaryl-2-diazo-1,3-diketones: Mechanistic Investigation and Application to the Synthesis of Benzils. J Org Chem 2021; 86:813-828. [PMID: 33395740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of 1,3-diaryl-2-diazo-1,3-diketones to 1,2-daryl-1,2-diketones (benzils) is reported based on a rhodium(II)-catalyzed aerobic decomposition process. The reaction occurs at ambient temperatures and can be catalyzed by a few dirhodium carboxylates (5 mol %) under a balloon pressure of oxygen. Moreover, an oxygen atom from the O2 reagent is shown to be incorporated into the product, and this is accompanied by the extrusion of a carbonyl unit from the starting materials. Mechanistically, it is proposed that the decomposition may proceed via the interaction of a ketene intermediate resulting from a Wolff rearrangement of the carbenoid, with a rhodium peroxide or peroxy radical species generated upon the activation of molecular oxygen. The proposed mechanism has been supported by the results from a set of controlled experiments. By using this newly developed strategy, a large array of benzil derivatives as well as 9,10-phenanthrenequinone were synthesized from the corresponding diazo substrates in varying yields. On the other hand, the method did not allow the generation of benzocyclobutene-1,2-dione from 2-diazo-1,3-indandione because of the difficulty of inducing the initial rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Liang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, ROC
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou, Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou, Gansu 730070 P. R. China
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31
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Gujjarappa R, Vodnala N, Putta V, Ganga Reddy V, Malakar CC. Conversion of alkynes into 1,2-diketones using HFIP as sacrificial hydrogen donor and DMSO as dihydroxylating agent. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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32
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Ritu, Sharma C, Kumar S, Jain N. Singlet oxygen mediated dual C–C and C–N bond cleavage in visible light. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2921-2928. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00563k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A tandem cleavage of carbon–carbon and carbon–nitrogen bonds in imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and imidazo[1,2-a]quinolines is reported in the presence of eosin Y and visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Sharvan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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33
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Chand S, Pandey AK, Singh R, Kumar S, Singh KN. Eosin‐Y‐Catalyzed Photoredox C−S Bond Formation: Easy Access to Thioethers. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4712-4716. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Chand
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Anand Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
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34
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Yang W, Chen Y, Yao Y, Yang X, Lin Q, Yang D. ICl/AgNO 3 Co-Catalyzed Radical Oxidation of Diaryl- and Alkylarylalkynes into 1,2-Diketones. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11080-11090. [PMID: 31403797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel ICl/AgNO3 co-catalyzed radical oxidation of diaryl- and alkylarylalkynes into 1,2-diketones is reported. The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions and generated 1,2-diketones in moderate to good yields with a good tolerance of functional groups. Furthermore, the obtained C4-(1,2-diketoaryl)isoxazoles could react smoothly with 1,2-diaminobenzene to form C4-(3-arylquinoxalin-2-yl)isoxazoles. At last, a new one-pot strategy for the synthesis of quinoxalines from 1,2-diphenylethynes and 1,2-diaminobenzene is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Queens College of the City University of New York , 65-30 Kissena Blvd. , Queens , New York 11367 , United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , 365 Fifth Avenue , New York , New York 10016 , United States
| | - Yongqi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qifu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dingqiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
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35
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Sharma AK, Tiwari J, Jaiswal D, Singh S, Singh J, Singh J. Organophotoredox Catalysis: Visible-light-induced Multicomponent Synthesis of Chromeno[4, 3-b]chromene and Hexahydro-1H-xanthene Derivatives. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666190306154327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:In recent years, photoredox catalysis using eosin Y has gained considerable significance in organic chemistry. It is evolving as a powerful approach in modern organic synthesis for the activation of small molecules.Objective:The use of organic dyes to convert visible light into chemical energy by involving a single-electron transfer with organic substrates has innumerable applications.Method and Results:The present strategy is the first example of visible light promoted, aerobic, oxidative cyclization of chromeno[4,3-b]chromenes and hexahydro-1H-xanthenes via the formation of C–O and C–C bonds to afford excellent yield of the products in a simple one-pot operation under mild reaction conditions.Conclusion:The major advantages of the present methodology include short reaction time, cost effectiveness, easy work-up, broad substrate scope and high atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Sharma
- Environmentally Benign Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Jyoti Tiwari
- Environmentally Benign Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Deepali Jaiswal
- Environmentally Benign Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Shailesh Singh
- Environmentally Benign Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Jaya Singh
- Department of Chemistry, LRPG College, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad-201005, India
| | - Jagdamba Singh
- Environmentally Benign Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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36
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Bansode AH, Suryavanshi G. Iodine-Mediated Oxidative Rearrangement of α,β-Unsaturated Diaryl Ketones: A Facile Access to 1,2-Diaryl Diketones. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:9636-9644. [PMID: 31460054 PMCID: PMC6648810 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free oxidative rearrangement was explored for the synthesis of 1,2-diaryl diketones by utilizing α,β-unsaturated diaryl ketones and I2/TBHP in good to high yields. The reaction proceeds via oxidative aryl migration, followed by C-C bond cleavage. A simple and high-yielding protocol was developed for the synthesis of a wide range of 1,2-diaryl diketones, which are the backbone for a variety of medicinally important molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay H. Bansode
- Chemical
Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Gurunath Suryavanshi
- Chemical
Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
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37
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Nadaf AN, Shivashankar K. Visible Light Assisted Hantzsch Reaction: Synthesis of Polycyclic Dihydropyridines. LETT ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178615666181107095151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The polycyclic dihydropyridine nucleus represents the heterocyclic system of invaluable
core motifs with wide applications in chemical, biological and physical properties. Although this kind
of compounds have been extensively synthesized by other groups, the synthesis of these compounds
under CFL light intensity were not explored. The synthesis of polycyclic dihydropyridine derivatives
were achieved through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate
under CFL light irradiation conditions. A series of polycyclic dihydropyridine derivatives were prepared
under CFL light irradiation conditions with high yield, short reaction time, ambient condition and
without the use of catalyst. The results displayed an efficient method for the synthesis of polycyclic dihydropyridine
derivatives. Clean profile, short reaction time, low cost and use of CFL light intensity
instead of catalyst making it a genuinely green protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankusab Noorahmadsab Nadaf
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 001, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalegowda Shivashankar
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 001, Karnataka, India
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38
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Ye CP, Ling R, Yang LF, Zhang Q, Han J, Chen XD. Syntheses, crystal structures and photocatalytic properties of transition metal complexes based on 9,10-anthraquinone-1,3-dicarboxylate. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-019-00334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Dechert-Schmitt AM, Garnsey MR, Wisniewska HM, Murray JI, Lee T, Kung DW, Sach N, Blackmond DG. Highly Modular Synthesis of 1,2-Diketones via Multicomponent Coupling Reactions of Isocyanides as CO Equivalents. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle R. Garnsey
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hanna M. Wisniewska
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James I. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Taegyo Lee
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W. Kung
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Neal Sach
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Donna G. Blackmond
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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40
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Zhai Y, Su Z, Jiang H, Rong J, Qiu X, Tao C. B2pin2-mediated copper-catalyzed oxidation of alkynes into 1,2-diketones using molecular oxygen. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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41
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Cho E, Jayaraman A, Lee J, Ko KC, Lee S. Substituent Effect in the Synthesis of α,α‐Dibromoketones, 1,2‐Dibromalkenes, and 1,2‐Diketones from the Reaction of Alkynes and Dibromoisocyanuric Acid. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjeong Cho
- Department of ChemistryChonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Aravindan Jayaraman
- Department of ChemistryChonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of ChemistryChonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Chul Ko
- Department of Chemistry EducationChonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of ChemistryChonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
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42
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Weng JQ, Xu WX, Dai XQ, Zhang JH, Liu XH. Alkylation reactions of benzothiazoles with N,N-dimethylamides catalyzed by the two-component system under visible light. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Zhou J, Tao XZ, Dai JJ, Li CG, Xu J, Xu HM, Xu HJ. Electrochemical synthesis of 1,2-diketones from alkynes under transition-metal-catalyst-free conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9208-9211. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03996a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical protocol for the direct oxidation of internal alkynes in air to provide 1,2-diketones was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Xiang-Zhang Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Jian-Jun Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Chen-Guang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Hong-Mei Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Hua-Jian Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
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44
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Wu Y, Zhou G, Meng Q, Tang X, Liu G, Yin H, Zhao J, Yang F, Yu Z, Luo Y. Visible Light-Induced Aerobic Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Mediated by Amidines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:13051-13062. [PMID: 30285439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An aerobic photoepoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones driven by visible light in the presence of tetramethylguanidine (3b), tetraphenylporphine (H2TPP), and molecular oxygen under mild conditions was revealed. The corresponding α,β-epoxy ketones were obtained in yields of up to 94% in 96 h. The reaction time was shortened to 4.6 h by flow synthesis. The mechanism related to singlet oxygen was supported by experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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45
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Girish YR, Biswas R, De M. Mixed-Phase 2D-MoS2
as an Effective Photocatalyst for Selective Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Amines under Visible-Light Irradiation. Chemistry 2018; 24:13871-13878. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yarabhally R. Girish
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Rohin Biswas
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Mrinmoy De
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
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46
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Tamuli KJ, Bordoloi M. KI‐I
2
‐DMSO: An Improved Microwave‐Assisted Selective Oxidation of Alkenes into 1,2‐Diketones. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap J. Tamuli
- Natural Products Chemistry GroupCSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Natural Products Chemistry GroupCSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR India
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47
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Metal and acid-free visible light-mediated Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions of indole with anilines. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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48
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Ye CP, Xu G, Wang Z, Han J, Xue L, Cao FY, Zhang Q, Yang LF, Lin LZ, Chen XD. Design and synthesis of functionalized coordination polymers as recyclable heterogeneous photocatalysts. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6470-6478. [PMID: 29691537 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The functionalized ligand 9,10-anthraquinone-1,4-dicarboxylate acid (H2AQDC) was designed and synthesized in order to develop metal-organic coordination polymers as heterogeneous catalysts with a photosensitizing feature. Two major considerations of the ligand design are anthraquinone moieties for photosensitizing to harvest light and carboxylate groups for polymeric coordination toward less solubility. A series of transition metal complexes based on this ligand were synthesized subsequently, namely {Co(AQDC)(H2O)3·2H2O}n (Co-AQDC), {Ni(AQDC)(H2O)3·2H2O}n (Ni-AQDC), {[Cu(AQDC)(H2O)3][Cu(AQDC)(H2O)2(DMF)]·(H2O)4}n (Cu-AQDC), {Zn1.5(AQDC)(OH)(H2O)2·H2O}n (Zn-AQDC), {Ag2(AQDC)(CH3OH)}n (Ag-AQDC). Both the ligand and its transition metal complexes are able to catalyze the visible-light driven oxidation reactions of alkynes into 1,2-diketones in air under mild conditions, in which compound Ni-AQDC demonstrates the best activity. This catalyst can be easily isolated from the reaction mixture by filtration with a trace amount of loss in solution and is ready for recycled use after simple washing and drying without any need for regeneration. Remarkably, the catalyst shows no loss of activity after five catalytic cycles and X-ray powder diffraction proves no change in the structure after five runs. This designed metal-organic coordination polymer represents an environmentally friendly, economical and recyclable photocatalyst, constituting a good candidate for photocatalytic organic syntheses in terms of green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Ye
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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49
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Nadaf AN, Shivashankar K. Visible Light-Induced Synthesis of Biscoumarin Analogs under Catalyst-Free Conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankusab Noorahmadsab Nadaf
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Central College Campus; Bangalore University; Bangalore 560 001 Karnataka India
| | - Kalegowda Shivashankar
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Central College Campus; Bangalore University; Bangalore 560 001 Karnataka India
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50
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Kim SW, Um TW, Shin S. Metal-Free Iodine-Catalyzed Oxidation of Ynamides and Diaryl Acetylenes into 1,2-Diketo Compounds. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4703-4711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Tae-Woong Um
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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