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Sims HS, de Andrade Horn P, Isshiki R, Lim M, Xu Y, Grubbs RH, Dai M. Catalysis-Enabled Concise and Stereoselective Total Synthesis of the Tricyclic Prostaglandin D 2 Metabolite Methyl Ester. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115633. [PMID: 34870881 PMCID: PMC8766936 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A concise and stereoselective total synthesis of the clinically relevant tricyclic prostaglandin D2 metabolite (tricyclic-PGDM) methyl ester in racemic form was accomplished in eight steps from a readily available known cyclopentene-diol derivative. The synthesis features a nickel-catalyzed Ueno-Stork-type dicarbofunctionalization to generate two consecutive stereocenters, a palladium-catalyzed carbonylative spirolactonization to build the core oxaspirolactone, and a Z-selective cross-metathesis to introduce the (Z)-3-butenoate side chain, a group challenging to introduce through traditional Wittig protocols and troublesome for the two previous total syntheses. A general Z-selective cross-metathesis protocol to construct (Z)-β,γ-unsaturated esters was also developed that has broad functional group tolerance and high stereoselectivity. Additionally, our synthesis already accumulated 75 mg of valuable material for an 18 O-tricyclic-PGDM-based assay used in clinical settings for inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Sims
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Pedro de Andrade Horn
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ryota Isshiki
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan
| | - Melissa Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Robert H Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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2
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Sims HS, Andrade Horn P, Isshiki R, Lim M, Xu Y, Grubbs RH, Dai M. Catalysis‐Enabled Concise and Stereoselective Total Synthesis of the Tricyclic Prostaglandin D
2
Metabolite Methyl Ester. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S. Sims
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Pedro Andrade Horn
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Ryota Isshiki
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo 162-0041 Japan
| | - Melissa Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Yan Xu
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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Abstract
This review highlights the hydroelementation reactions of conjugated and separated diynes, which depending on the process conditions, catalytic system, as well as the type of reagents, leads to the formation of various products: enynes, dienes, allenes, polymers, or cyclic compounds. The presence of two triple bonds in the diyne structure makes these compounds important reagents but selective product formation is often difficult owing to problems associated with maintaining appropriate reaction regio- and stereoselectivity. Herein we review this topic to gain knowledge on the reactivity of diynes and to systematise the range of information relating to their use in hydroelementation reactions. The review is divided according to the addition of the E-H (E = Mg, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, N, P, O, S, Se, Te) bond to the triple bond(s) in the diyne, as well as to the type of the reagent used, and the product formed. Not only are the hydroelementation reactions comprehensively discussed, but the synthetic potential of the obtained products is also presented. The majority of published research is included within this review, illustrating the potential as well as limitations of these processes, with the intent to showcase the power of these transformations and the obtained products in synthesis and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan. .,Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Faculty of Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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Saridakis I, Kaiser D, Maulide N. Unconventional Macrocyclizations in Natural Product Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1869-1889. [PMID: 33274267 PMCID: PMC7706100 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, macrocyclic compounds have emerged as increasingly significant therapeutic candidates in drug discovery. Their pharmacological activity hinges on their rotationally restricted three-dimensional orientation, resulting in a unique conformational preorganization and a high enthalpic gain as a consequence of high-affinity macrocycle-protein binding interactions. Synthetic access to macrocyclic drug candidates is therefore crucial. From a synthetic point of view, the efficiency of macrocyclization events commonly suffers from entropic penalties as well as undesired intermolecular couplings (oligomerization). Although over the past several decades ring-closing metathesis, macrolactonization, or macrolactamization have become strategies of choice, the toolbox of organic synthesis provides a great number of versatile transformations beyond the aforementioned. This Outlook focuses on a selection of examples employing what we term unconventional macrocyclizations toward the synthesis of natural products or analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iakovos Saridakis
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Platform for Next Generation Macrocycles, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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5
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Sengupta S, Mehta G. Macrocyclization via C-H functionalization: a new paradigm in macrocycle synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1851-1876. [PMID: 32101232 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02765c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The growing emphasis on macrocycles in engaging difficult therapeutic targets such as protein-protein interactions and GPCRs via preferential adaptation of bioactive and cell penetrating conformations has provided impetus to the search for de novo macrocyclization strategies that are efficient, chemically robust and amenable to diversity creation. An emerging macrocyclization paradigm based on the C-H activation logic, of particular promise in the macrocyclization of complex peptides, has added a new dimension to this pursuit, enabling efficacious access to macrocycles of various sizes and topologies with high atom and step economy. Significant achievements in macrocyclization methodologies and their applications in the synthesis of bioactive natural products and drug-like molecules, employing strategic variations of C-H activation are captured in this review. It is expected that this timely account will foster interest in newer ways of macrocycle construction among practitioners of organic synthesis and chemical biology to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumitra Sengupta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-5000 046, Telengana, India.
| | - Goverdhan Mehta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-5000 046, Telengana, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-peng Ma
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology, and Zhejiang Green Pesticide Collaborative Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jin-sha Chen
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology, and Zhejiang Green Pesticide Collaborative Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-hua Du
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology, and Zhejiang Green Pesticide Collaborative Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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Schrof R, Altmann KH. Studies toward the Total Synthesis of the Marine Macrolide Salarin C. Org Lett 2018; 20:7679-7683. [PMID: 30474982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A convergent strategy for the synthesis of dideoxysalarin C (3) as a potential intermediate for the total synthesis of the marine macrolide salarin C (1) is described. The macrolactone core of 3 was assembled by Suzuki coupling between alkyl iodide 9 and vinyl iodide 8 and Shiina macrolactonization as key transformations. All macrocyclic intermediates were found to be of low stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Schrof
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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Rangaraju SK, Gonela UM, Kavita A, Yadav JS, Mohapatra DK. Synergistic Gold and Copper Dual Catalysis for Intramolecular Glaser-Hay Coupling: Rapid Total Synthesis of Ivorenolide B. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aala Kavita
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; -500007 Hyderabad India
| | - Jhillu S. Yadav
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; -500007 Hyderabad India
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9
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2016. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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10
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Jadhav AS, Anand RV. Triflic Acid Catalyzed 1,6-Conjugate Addition of Thiols to p
-Quinone Methides under Continuous-Flow Conditions. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet S. Jadhav
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector 81 140306 SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO) Punjab India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector 81 140306 SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO) Punjab India
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Plutschack MB, Pieber B, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH. The Hitchhiker's Guide to Flow Chemistry ∥. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11796-11893. [PMID: 28570059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1047] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask. Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions. This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow. Until recently, however, the question, "Should we do this in flow?" has merely been an afterthought. This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Plutschack
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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12
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13
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Jadhav AS, Anand RV. 1,6-Conjugate addition of zinc alkyls to para-quinone methides in a continuous-flow microreactor. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:56-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02277d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An efficient protocol has been developed for the 1,6-conjugate addition of zinc alkyls to p-quinone methides under continuous-flow using a microreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet S. Jadhav
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
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