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Meredith NY, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Nichol GS, Baker CM, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Dissecting Solvent Effects on Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206604. [PMID: 35608961 PMCID: PMC9400978 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The experimental isolation of H-bond energetics from the typically dominant influence of the solvent remains challenging. Here we use synthetic molecular balances to quantify amine/amide H-bonds in competitive solvents. Over 200 conformational free energy differences were determined using 24 H-bonding balances in 9 solvents spanning a wide polarity range. The correlations between experimental interaction energies and gas-phase computed energies exhibited wild solvent-dependent variation. However, excellent correlations were found between the same computed energies and the experimental data following empirical dissection of solvent effects using Hunter's α/β solvation model. In addition to facilitating the direct comparison of experimental and computational data, changes in the fitted donor and acceptor constants reveal the energetics of secondary local interactions such as competing H-bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y. Meredith
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Christopher M. Baker
- SyngentaJealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknell, BerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- SyngentaJealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknell, BerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
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2
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Meredith NY, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Nichol GS, Baker CM, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Dissecting Solvent Effects on Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y. Meredith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Christopher M. Baker
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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3
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Aliev AE, Motherwell WB. Some Recent Advances in the Design and Use of Molecular Balances for the Experimental Quantification of Intramolecular Noncovalent Interactions of π Systems. Chemistry 2019; 25:10516-10530. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abil E. Aliev
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - William B. Motherwell
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
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Kasza P, Trybula ME, Baradziej K, Kepczynski M, Szafrański PW, Cegła MT. Fluorescent triazolyl spirooxazolidines: Synthesis and NMR stereochemical studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wechsel R, Žabka M, Ward JW, Clayden J. Competing Hydrogen-Bond Polarities in a Dynamic Oligourea Foldamer: A Molecular Spring Torsion Balance. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3528-3531. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Wechsel
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Matej Žabka
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John W. Ward
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Poblotzki A, Gottschalk HC, Suhm MA. Tipping the Scales: Spectroscopic Tools for Intermolecular Energy Balances. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5656-5665. [PMID: 29094953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular energy balances are supramolecular complexes with a nearly degenerate bistable docking structure and low barriers in between, which can be tuned by chemical substitution to prefer one or the other site. The docking preference can be probed by forming the complexes in a supersonic jet expansion and by measuring their spectroscopic signature. Linear spectroscopies are shown to be well suited for this purpose, in particular when they are assisted by more sensitive techniques and by approximate computed photon interaction cross sections. Molecular analogues of conventional beam balances, seesaw balances, and torsional balances are discussed, all based on noncovalent interactions. The discrimination of energy differences down to the sub-kJ/mol level is demonstrated. The correspondence to intramolecular torsional balances in NMR spectroscopy is outlined. Besides highlighting conformational preferences, the results of intermolecular balance experiments can serve as critical benchmarks for an accurate description of intermolecular forces and zero-point vibrational energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Poblotzki
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hannes C Gottschalk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin A Suhm
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Ardejani MS, Powers ET, Kelly JW. Using Cooperatively Folded Peptides To Measure Interaction Energies and Conformational Propensities. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1875-1882. [PMID: 28723063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The rates and equilibria of the folding of biopolymers are determined by the conformational preferences of the subunits that make up the sequence of the biopolymer and by the interactions that are formed in the folded state in aqueous solution. Because of the centrality of these processes to life, quantifying conformational propensities and interaction strengths is vitally important to understanding biology. In this Account, we describe our use of peptide model systems that fold cooperatively yet are small enough to be chemically synthesized to measure such quantities. The necessary measurements are made by perturbing an interaction or conformation of interest by mutation and measuring the difference between the folding free energies of the wild type (in which the interaction or conformation is undisturbed) and the mutant model peptides (in which the interaction has been eliminated or the conformational propensities modified). With the proper controls and provided that the peptide model system in question folds via a two-state process, these folding free energy differences can be accurate measures of interaction strengths or conformational propensities. This method has the advantage of having high sensitivity and high dynamic range because the energies of interest are coupled to folding free energies, which can be measured with precisions on the order of a few tenths of a kilocalorie by well-established biophysical methods, like chaotrope or thermal denaturation studies monitored by fluorescence or circular dichroism. In addition, because the model peptides can be chemically synthesized, the full arsenal of natural and unnatural amino acids can be used to tune perturbations to be as drastic or subtle as desired. This feature is particularly noteworthy because it enables the use of analytical tools developed for physical organic chemistry, especially linear free energy relationships, to decompose interaction energies into their component parts to obtain a deeper understanding of the forces that drive interactions in biopolymers. We have used this approach, primarily with the WW domain derived from the human Pin1 protein as our model system, to assess hydrogen bond strengths (especially those formed by backbone amides), the dependence of hydrogen bond strengths on the environment in which they form, β-turn propensities of both natural sequences and small molecule β-turn mimics, and the energetics of carbohydrate-protein interactions. In each case, the combination of synthetic accessibility, the ease of measuring folding energies, and the robustness of the structure of the Pin1 WW domain to mutation enabled us to obtain incisive measurements of quantities that have been challenging to measure by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar S. Ardejani
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Evan T. Powers
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jeffery W. Kelly
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- The
Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La
Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Dominelli‐Whiteley N, Brown JJ, Muchowska KB, Mati IK, Adam C, Hubbard TA, Elmi A, Brown AJ, Bell IAW, Cockroft SL. Strong Short-Range Cooperativity in Hydrogen-Bond Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7658-7662. [PMID: 28493462 PMCID: PMC5488241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chains of hydrogen bonds such as those found in water and proteins are often presumed to be more stable than the sum of the individual H bonds. However, the energetics of cooperativity are complicated by solvent effects and the dynamics of intermolecular interactions, meaning that information on cooperativity typically is derived from theory or indirect structural data. Herein, we present direct measurements of energetic cooperativity in an experimental system in which the geometry and the number of H bonds in a chain were systematically controlled. Strikingly, we found that adding a second H-bond donor to form a chain can almost double the strength of the terminal H bond, while further extensions have little effect. The experimental observations add weight to computations which have suggested that strong, but short-range cooperative effects may occur in H-bond chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Dominelli‐Whiteley
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - James J. Brown
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Kamila B. Muchowska
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Ioulia K. Mati
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Catherine Adam
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Thomas A. Hubbard
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Alex Elmi
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | | | - Ian A. W. Bell
- Afton Chemical LimitedLondon RoadBracknellBerkshireRG12 2UWUK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
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Dominelli-Whiteley N, Brown JJ, Muchowska KB, Mati IK, Adam C, Hubbard TA, Elmi A, Brown AJ, Bell IAW, Cockroft SL. Strong Short-Range Cooperativity in Hydrogen-Bond Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Dominelli-Whiteley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - James J. Brown
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Kamila B. Muchowska
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Ioulia K. Mati
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Catherine Adam
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Thomas A. Hubbard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Alex Elmi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | | | - Ian A. W. Bell
- Afton Chemical Limited; London Road Bracknell Berkshire RG12 2UW UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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