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Nishikata T. α-Halocarbonyls as a Valuable Functionalized Tertiary Alkyl Source. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400108. [PMID: 38989712 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review introduces the synthetic organic chemical value of α-bromocarbonyl compounds with tertiary carbons. This α-bromocarbonyl compound with a tertiary carbon has been used primarily only as a radical initiator in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reactions. However, with the recent development of photo-radical reactions (around 2010), research on the use of α-bromocarbonyl compounds as tertiary alkyl radical precursors became popular (around 2012). As more examples were reported, α-bromocarbonyl compounds were studied not only as radicals but also for their applications in organometallic and ionic reactions. That is, α-bromocarbonyl compounds act as nucleophiles as well as electrophiles. The carbonyl group of α-bromocarbonyl compounds is also attractive because it allows the skeleton to be converted after the reaction, and it is being applied to total synthesis. In our survey until 2022, α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used to perform a full range of reactions necessary for organic synthesis, including multi-component reactions, cross-coupling, substitution, cyclization, rearrangement, stereospecific reactions, asymmetric reactions. α-Bromocarbonyl compounds have created a new trend in tertiary alkylation, which until then had limited reaction patterns in organic synthesis. This review focuses on how α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used in synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
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2
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Griffiths CM, Franckevičius V. The Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Acyclic Enolates for the Construction of Quaternary and Tetrasubstituted Stereogenic Centres. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304289. [PMID: 38284328 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
To facilitate the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals, the demand for novel stereofunctionalised building blocks has never been greater. Whilst molecules bearing quaternary and tetrasubstituted stereogenic centres are ideally suited to explore untapped areas of chemical space, the asymmetric construction ofsterically congested carbon centres remains a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. The enantioselective assembly of acyclic stereogenic centres is even more demanding due to the need to restrict a much wider range of geometries and conformations of the intermediates involved. In this context, the catalytic asymmetric allylicalkylation (AAA) of acyclic prochiral nucleophiles, namely enolates, has become an indispensable tool to access a range of linearα-quaternary andα-tetrasubstituted carbonyl compounds. However, unlike the AAA of cyclic enolates with a fixed enolate geometry, to achieve high levels of stereocontrol in the AAA of acyclic enolates, the stereoselectivity of enolisation must be considered. The aim of this review is to offer acomprehensivediscussion of catalytic AAA reactions of acyclic prochiral enolates and their analogues to generate congested quaternary and tetrasubstituted chiral centres using metal, non-metal and dual catalysis, with particular focus given to the control of enolate geometry and its impact on the stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
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3
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Lamhauge JN, Corti V, Liu Y, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective α‐Etherification of Branched Aldehydes via an Oxidative Umpolung Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes N. Lamhauge
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Yidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Karl Anker Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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Lamhauge JN, Corti V, Liu Y, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective α-Etherification of Branched Aldehydes via an Oxidative Umpolung Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18728-18733. [PMID: 34087048 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Saturated carbonyl compounds are, via their enolate analogues, inherently nucleophilic at the α-position. In the presence of a benzoquinone oxidant, the polarity of the α-position of racemic α-branched aldehydes is inverted, allowing for an enantioselective etherification using readily available oxygen-based nucleophiles and an amino acid-derived primary amine catalyst. A survey of benzoquinone oxidants identified p-fluoranil and DDQ as suitable reaction partners. p-Fluoranil enables the preparation of α-aryloxylated aldehydes using phenol nucleophiles in up to 91 % ee, following either a one-step or a two-step, one-pot protocol. DDQ allows for a more general etherification protocol in combination with a broader range of alcohol nucleophiles with enantioselectivities up to 95 % ee. Control experiments and isolation of a key quinol intermediate supports a mechanism proceeding via an SN 2 dynamic-kinetic resolution. These studies provide the basis for an aminocatalytic umpolung concept that allows for the asymmetric construction of tertiary ethers in the α-position of aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes N Lamhauge
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Karl Anker Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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6
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Zhang X, Tan CH. Stereospecific and stereoconvergent nucleophilic substitution reactions at tertiary carbon centers. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hirata G, Takeuchi K, Shimoharai Y, Sumimoto M, Kaizawa H, Nokami T, Koike T, Abe M, Shirakawa E, Nishikata T. Chemistry of Tertiary Carbon Center in the Formation of Congested C-O Ether Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4329-4334. [PMID: 33350568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitutions, including SN 1 and SN 2, are classical and reliable reactions, but a serious drawback is their intolerance for both bulky nucleophiles and chiral tertiary alkyl electrophiles for the synthesis of a chiral quaternary carbon center. An SRN 1 reaction via a radical species is another conventional method used to carry out substitution reactions of bulky nucleophiles and alkyl halides, but chiral tertiary alkyl electrophiles cannot be used. Therefore, a stereospecific nucleophilic substitution reaction using chiral tertiary alkyl electrophiles and bulky nucleophiles has not yet been well studied. In this paper, we describe the reaction of tertiary alkyl alcohols and non-chiral or chiral α-bromocarboxamides as a tertiary alkyl source for the formation of congested ether compounds possessing two different tertiary alkyl groups on the oxygen atom with stereoretention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goki Hirata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Kentarou Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimoharai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Michinori Sumimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Hazuki Kaizawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering (Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering), Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering (Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering), Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Eiji Shirakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
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8
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Hirata G, Takeuchi K, Shimoharai Y, Sumimoto M, Kaizawa H, Nokami T, Koike T, Abe M, Shirakawa E, Nishikata T. Chemistry of Tertiary Carbon Center in the Formation of Congested C−O Ether Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goki Hirata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Kentarou Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimoharai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Michinori Sumimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Hazuki Kaizawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering (Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering) Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering (Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering) Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 226–8503 Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Eiji Shirakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
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Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary α -Hydroxyketones by Enantioselective Decarboxylative Chlorination and Subsequent Nucleophilic Substitution. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173902. [PMID: 32867091 PMCID: PMC7503659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral tertiary α-hydroxyketones were synthesized with high enantiopurity by asymmetric decarboxylative chlorination and subsequent nucleophilic substitution. We recently reported the asymmetric decarboxylative chlorination of β-ketocarboxylic acids in the presence of a chiral primary amine catalyst to obtain α-chloroketones with high enantiopurity. Here, we found that nucleophilic substitution of the resulting α-chloroketones with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide yielded the corresponding α-hydroxyketones without loss of enantiopurity. The reaction proceeded smoothly even at a tertiary carbon. The proposed method would be useful for the preparation of chiral tertiary alcohols.
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10
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González Adelantado FV. Phase-transfer catalysis and the ion pair concept. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review outlines the recent advances in the field of asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis and the ion-pair concept including alkylation of amino acids and peptides, oxyindoles and other substrates, conjugate additions, fluorinations, photo-induced phase-transfer catalysis, Nitro-Mannich reactions, heterocyclizations and cycloadditions for the preparation of heterocycles, derivatization of isoxazoles, umpolung conjugate addition of imines and other three asymmetric reactions.
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11
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Ren J, Ban X, Zhang X, Tan SM, Lee R, Tan C. Kinetic and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Tertiary Bromides by Pentanidium‐Catalyzed Phase‐Transfer Azidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xu Ban
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Siu Min Tan
- Science and Mathematics Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Richmond Lee
- Science and Mathematics Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Choon‐Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
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12
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Ren J, Ban X, Zhang X, Tan SM, Lee R, Tan C. Kinetic and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Tertiary Bromides by Pentanidium‐Catalyzed Phase‐Transfer Azidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9055-9058. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xu Ban
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Siu Min Tan
- Science and Mathematics Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Richmond Lee
- Science and Mathematics Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Choon‐Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
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13
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Yuan X, Liu G, Zhang P, Xu W, Tang K. Lipase-Catalyzed Production of (S)-Carprofen Enhanced by Hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrins: Experiment and Optimization. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, China
| | - Guangyong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, China
| | - Panliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, China
| | - Kewen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, China
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Zhang X, Ren J, Tan SM, Tan D, Lee R, Tan CH. An enantioconvergent halogenophilic nucleophilic substitution (SN2X) reaction. Science 2019; 363:400-404. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aau7797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) plays a central role in organic chemistry. In the conventionally accepted mechanism, the nucleophile displaces a carbon-bound leaving group X, often a halogen, by attacking the carbon face opposite the C–X bond. A less common variant, the halogenophilic SN2X reaction, involves initial nucleophilic attack of the X group from the front and as such is less sensitive to backside steric hindrance. Herein, we report an enantioconvergent substitution reaction of activated tertiary bromides by thiocarboxylates or azides that, on the basis of experimental and computational mechanistic studies, appears to proceed via the unusual SN2X pathway. The proposed electrophilic intermediates, benzoylsulfenyl bromide and bromine azide, were independently synthesized and shown to be effective.
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Pawliczek M, Shimazaki Y, Kimura H, Oberg KM, Zakpur S, Hashimoto T, Maruoka K. Phase-transfer-catalysed asymmetric synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7078-7080. [PMID: 29877552 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03635g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,4-Benzoxazin-3-one is a scaffold which is found in a variety of biologically active molecules. Because of its unique structure and drug-like activities, 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones have been widely used in drug discovery. However, just a few methods have been developed to access these molecules by catalytic asymmetric synthesis. We report herein the phase-transfer-catalysed asymmetric alkylation of 2-aryl-1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones as a new way for the highly enantioselective synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pawliczek
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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Hu XY, Hu FZ, Chen H, Xu XY, Yuan WC, Zhang XM. Enantioselective α-Arylation of Cyclic β-Ketoamides with a Quinone Monoimine. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang 471023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fang-Zhi Hu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
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Li ZR, Wu DQ, Sun J, Shen J, Deng QH. Metal-Free Azidoarylation of Vinylcyclopropanes for the Synthesis of N3
-Containing Dihydronaphthalenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Rui Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P. R. China
| | - Dun-Qi Wu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P. R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P. R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hai Deng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P. R. China
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18
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Ding PG, Hu XS, Zhou F, Zhou J. Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of α-chiral azides. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00138c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of α-chiral azides is of current interest and three synthetic strategies have been developed. This review summarizes the recent progress in this research area, discusses the advantages and limitations of each strategy, and outlines synthetic opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Gang Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Si Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
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Schörgenhumer J, Tiffner M, Waser M. Chiral phase-transfer catalysis in the asymmetric α-heterofunctionalization of prochiral nucleophiles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1753-1769. [PMID: 28904619 PMCID: PMC5588627 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral phase-transfer catalysis is one of the major catalytic principles in asymmetric catalysis. A broad variety of different catalysts and their use for challenging applications have been reported over the last decades. Besides asymmetric C–C bond forming reactions the use of chiral phase-transfer catalysts for enantioselective α-heterofunctionalization reactions of prochiral nucleophiles became one of the most important field of application of this catalytic principle. Based on several highly spectacular recent reports, we thus wish to discuss some of the most important achievements in this field within the context of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schörgenhumer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Tiffner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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