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Jiang Z, Kuninobu Y. Synthesis of a novel twisted π-conjugated macrocycle via double Friedel-Crafts reaction and its physical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7642-7645. [PMID: 38963239 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00890a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
We synthesized a cyclic molecule from diarylalkynes and Meldrum's acid derivatives as the methylenation reagent via double Friedel-Crafts reaction. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis confirmed the twisted structure of the molecule. We also investigated their physical properties and homoconjugation by UV-Vis, photoluminescence, DFT and TD-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Jiang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-Shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-Shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.
- Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-Shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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2
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Artigas A, Carissan Y, Hagebaum-Reignier D, Bock H, Durola F, Coquerel Y. Aromaticity in Semi-Condensed Figure-Eight Molecules. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401016. [PMID: 38642001 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Electron delocalization and aromaticity was comparatively evaluated in recently synthesized figure-eight molecules made of two condensed U-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon moieties connected either by two single bonds or by two para-phenylene groups. The selected examples include molecules that incorporate eight-membered and sixteen-membered rings, as well as a doubly [5]helicene-bridged (1,4)cyclophane. We probe whether some electron delocalization could occur through the stereogenic single bonds in these molecules: Is aromaticity purely (semi-)local, or possibly also global in these molecules? It was concluded that the situation can go from a purely (semi-)local character when the dihedral angle at the connecting single bonds is large, such as in biphenyl, to a predominantly (semi-)local character with a minor global contribution when the dihedral angle is small, such as in the para-phenylene connectors of the [5] helicene-bridged cyclophane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Artigas
- Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Carrer de Maria Aurèlia Capmany i Farnès 69, 17003, Girona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Yannick Carissan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Harald Bock
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, 115 av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Fabien Durola
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, 115 av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Yoann Coquerel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille, France
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3
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Self-assembly and near-infrared photothermal conversion research of molecular figure-of-eight. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Leitner TD, Mena‐Osteritz E, Bäuerle P. Spacial structures induced by sterical hindrance of large substituents: A dendritic macromolecular “snowflake” molecule. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja D. Leitner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials University of Ulm Ulm Germany
- PPG Industries Lackfabrik GmbH Bodelshausen Germany
| | - Elena Mena‐Osteritz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials University of Ulm Ulm Germany
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials University of Ulm Ulm Germany
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5
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Sahoo S, Jana M, Rath H. Tailor-made aromatic porphyrinoids with NIR absorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1834-1859. [PMID: 35028653 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highlight of this article is the recent progress in the state-of-the-art synthetic design and isolation of artificial porphyrinoids by swapping pyrrole component(s) with diverse functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/carbacycle building block(s) to compare the impact on the electronic absorption spectra and aromaticity of the incorporated isomeric/expanded porphyrinoids. Attention has been directed towards five distinct criteria of utilizing functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/aromatic hydrocarbons as synthons for NIR absorbing aromatic isomeric (N-confusion)/expanded porphyrinoids (with five/six heterocycles): (i) fused or annelated pyrrole (heterocycle), (ii) functionalized bi-pyrrole/bi-thiophene/bi-furan building blocks, (iii) azulene based carbacycle building block, (iv) vinylogous aromatic carbacycle/heterocycle(s) building block and (v) N-confused pyrrole ring(s), and N-confused fused pyrrole ring(s) leading to π-extension. These hybrid porphyrinoids are ideal candidates for basic research into macrocyclic aromaticity and for many potential applications owing to NIR absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
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6
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Sengupta R, Ravikanth M, Chandrashekar TK. Inverted and fused expanded heteroporphyrins. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13268-13320. [PMID: 34747949 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Expanded heteroporphyrins are a class of porphyrin macrocycles containing pyrrole, thiophene, furan, selenophene and other heterocyclic rings that are connected to form an internal ring pathway containing a minimum of 17 atoms and more than 18 delocalized π electrons in their conjugated macrocyclic framework. Considering that expanded heteroporphyrins are large in size, these macrocycles are structurally flexible and prefer to adopt various conformations in which one or more pyrrole(s)/heterocycle(s) tend to be in an inverted conformation and pointed outward from the centre of the macrocyclic core. The inverted expanded heteroporphyrins are divided into two classes as follows: (1) N-inverted expanded heteroporphyrins and (2) hetero-atom inverted expanded heteroporphyrins. Both inverted expanded heteroporphyrins show quite unique features in terms of their structure, aromaticity, and electronic and coordination properties. Sometimes, inverted expanded heteroporphyrins lead to the formation of fused expanded heteroporphyrins because of the intramolecular fusion of the pyrrole "N" with the "C" of the inverted heterocycle ring, which also exhibit unique features compared to inverted expanded heteroporphyrins. In this review, we attempt to describe the synthesis, structure, and aromatic, electronic and coordination properties of inverted and fused expanded heteroporphyrins. This review covers the synthesis, structure and properties of inverted and fused expanded heteroporphyrins containing a combination of pyrrole/heterocycle rings starting with five pyrrole/heterocycle-containing pentaphyrins, and then expanded heteroporphyrins containing six, seven, eight and more pyrrole/heterocyclic rings in their porphyrin macrocyclic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Mangalampalli Ravikanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Tavarekere K Chandrashekar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India.
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Chitranshi S, Adinarayana B, Das M, Cha WY, Kim D, Srinivasan A. Bis-4,4'-biphenyl Ring Embedded Octaphyrin with Three Distinct Conformational Structures. Chemistry 2019; 25:12911-12915. [PMID: 31410896 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three distinct conformational structures of carbaoctaphyrins were prepared by incorporating bis-4,4'-biphenyl units in the macrocyclic core. The free-base form adopts a figure-eight conformation, whereas the protonation triggers a conformational change with a pyrrole ring inversion and acquires an open-framework structure. The insertion of bis-RhI metal ion in the macrocyclic core affords a singly twisted conformational structure. Furthermore, the local aromaticity in the bis-4,4'-biphenyl ring dominates the overall macrocyclic aromaticity in all three forms, and thus adopts nonaromatic characteristics. These results are supported by spectral as well as theoretical studies, and they are unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystal analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangya Chitranshi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - B Adinarayana
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Mainak Das
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Won-Young Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for, Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for, Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - A Srinivasan
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
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Sahoo KC, Kumaraswami MS, Usharani D, Rath H. Conformationally Rigid Ethynylene-Cumulene Conjugated Aromatic [30] Heteroannulenes with NIR Absorption: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5203-5212. [PMID: 30932494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two hitherto unknown conformationally rigid Hückel aromatic ethynylene-cumulene conjugated [30] heteroannulenes have been synthesized and characterized. A thorough solution-state spectroscopic characterization, combined with in-depth theoretical calculations, has been performed to arrive at the proposed geometry of the macrocycles. The most stable optimized structures for the free base form of both the macrocycles showed absolute planar geometries without any ring inversion with mean plane deviation (MPD) values of 0.00 and 0.00 Å, respectively, in accordance with the NMR spectroscopic observations. The induced correspondence of rigid ethynylene-cumulene moieties leading to near-infrared (NIR) absorption in neutral and protonated forms of macrocycles is the important highlight of this article. This noteworthy finding has been supported by DFT-level theoretical calculations. There is an increasing pursuit in designing such NIR-absorbing/-emitting systems due to their immense applications in medicine and biology for recognizing and transportation of various substrates. The geometry of the novel 30π aromatic heteroannulenes shows promise for evolution of such novel systems in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Meenakshi S Kumaraswami
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC , Ghaziabad 201002 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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Szyszko B, Chmielewski PJ, Przewoźnik M, Białek MJ, Kupietz K, Białońska A, Latos-Grażyński L. Diphenanthrioctaphyrin(1.1.1.0.1.1.1.0): Conformational Switching Controls the Stereochemical Dynamics of the Topologically Chiral System. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6060-6072. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr J. Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Przewoźnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał J. Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kamil Kupietz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Kumar S, Thorat KG, Ravikanth M. Dibenzidecaphyrins (1.0.0.1.1.1.0.0.1.1) and Their Bis-BF2 Complexes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14277-14285. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kishor G. Thorat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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