1
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Merrild A, Johnsen NK, Zhang M, Bogojevic O, Ouyang Y, Guo Z. De Novo Synthesis of Perdeuterated Phosphoinositide by Installing a Non-native Phospholipid Biopathway in E. coli. ACS Synth Biol 2024. [PMID: 39292964 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and its phosphorylated derivatives are of paramount importance in cellular functions and diseases. Understanding their diverse roles is, however, challenged by difficulties in synthesis and labeling techniques. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate that PI can be straightforwardly de novo-synthesized and deuterium (2H)-labeled in Escherichia coli by genomic insertion of PI synthase from Trypanosoma brucei under constitutive synthetic promoter proD. Insertion into loci atpi-gidB and ybb revealed PI accumulation of 41% and 34% (mol/mol), respectively, when cultivated with glycerol as the sole carbon source. Growth of the atpi-gidB-PIS strain in deuterium-labeled (2H) substrates D2O, D8-glycerol, and D6-myo-inositol achieved PI deuteration of 90%, PE deuteration of 95%, and total fatty acids|fatty acid (FA) deuteration of 97%. This study offers an alternative convenient route to chemical and enzymatic labeling synthesis of PI; more excitingly, this work also, in principle, opens a door for tailoring the FA profile of deuterated PI/PE for task-specific application by repurposing FA biosynthesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aske Merrild
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Niels Krabbe Johnsen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Visiting Researcher at Aarhus University 2022-2024, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Oliver Bogojevic
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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2
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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Jedlovčnik L, Košmrlj J, Massey TE, Derdau V. Deuterated Drugs and Biomarkers in the COVID-19 Pandemic. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41840-41858. [PMID: 36440130 PMCID: PMC9685803 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Initially identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, COVID-19 rapidly spread globally, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. Carriers of the SARS-CoV-2 can experience symptoms ranging from mild to severe (or no symptoms whatsoever). Although vaccination provides extra immunity toward SARS-CoV-2, there has been an urgent need to develop treatments for COVID-19 to alleviate symptoms for carriers of the disease. In seeking a potential treatment, deuterated compounds have played a critical role either as therapeutic agents or as internal MS standards for studying the pharmacological properties of new drugs by quantifying the parent compounds and metabolites. We have identified >70 examples of deuterium-labeled compounds associated with treatment of COVID-19. Of these, we found 9 repurposed drugs and >20 novel drugs studied for potential therapeutic roles along with a total of 38 compounds (drugs, biomarkers, and lipids) explored as internal mass spectrometry standards. This review details the synthetic pathways and modes of action of these compounds (if known), and a brief analysis of each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L
3N6, Canada
| | - Luka Jedlovčnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Thomas E. Massey
- Department
of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen’s University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Volker Derdau
- Research
& Development, Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst G876, Frankfurt/Main 65926, Germany
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3
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Wang DH, Vidovic D, McKay AI, Darwish T, Park HG, Garza SM, Shields SW, Brodbelt JS, Wang Z, Lacombe RJS, Shmanai VV, Lysenko IL, Bekish AV, Schmidt K, Redfield C, Brenna JT, Shchepinov MS. Quantitative High-Field NMR- and Mass Spectrometry-Based Fatty Acid Sequencing Reveals Internal Structure in Ru-Catalyzed Deuteration of Docosahexaenoic Acid. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12971-12980. [PMID: 36098546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ru-based catalysis results in highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) ethyl esters (EE) deuterated to various extents. The products carry 2H (D) mainly at their bis-allylic positions, where they are resistant to autoxidation compared to natural HUFA and are promising as neurological and retinal drugs. We characterized the extent of deuteration at each allylic position of docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid deuterated to completion at bis-allylic and allylic positions (D-DHA) by two-dimensional (2D) and high-field (600 and 950 MHz) NMR. In separate experiments, the kinetics of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) EE deuteration was evaluated using Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis, enabling deuteration to be quantitatively characterized for isotopologues (D0-D14 DHA) at each internal allylic position. NMR analysis shows that the net deuteration of the isotopologue mixture is about 94% at the bis-allylic positions, and less than 1% remained as the protiated -CH2-. MS analysis shows that deuteration kinetics follow an increasing curve at bis-allylic positions with higher rate for internal bis-allylic positions. Percent D of bis-allylic positions increases linearly from D1 to D9 in which all internal bis-allylic positions (C9, C12, C15) deuterate uniformly and more rapidly than external bis-allylic positions (C6, C18). The mono-allylic positions near the methyl end (C21) show a steep increase of D only after the D10 isotopologue has been deuterated to >90%, while the mono-allylic position near the carboxyl position, C3, deuterates last and least. These data establish detailed methods for the characterization of Ru-catalyzed deuteration of HUFA as well as the phenomenological reaction kinetics as net product is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hao Wang
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Dragoslav Vidovic
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Alasdair I McKay
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Tamim Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility-ANSTO, Sydney, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Secilia Martinez Garza
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Samuel W Shields
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - R J Scott Lacombe
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
| | - Vadim V Shmanai
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Belarus, 13 Surganova Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Ivan L Lysenko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Belarus, 13 Surganova Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Andrei V Bekish
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Belarus, 13 Surganova Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | | | - Christina Redfield
- Dept of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, of Chemistry, and of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 United States
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4
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James G, Bohannan W, Adewunmi E, Schmidt K, Park HG, Shchepinov MS, Agbaga MP, Brenna JT. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism in mouse retina of bis-allylic deuterated docosahexaenoic acid (D-DHA), a new dry AMD drug candidate. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109193. [PMID: 35870486 PMCID: PMC11238729 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) rich photoreceptors function in a highly oxidizing microenvironment. Lipid peroxidation and inflammation contribute to initiation and progression of eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Deuteration of DHA at the bis-allylic positions (D-DHA) increases its resilience to oxidative damage in vitro. We studied the pharmacokinetics of dietary D-DHA as a therapy for replacing natural retinal DHA in vivo. Mice were fed 0.5% D-DHA for 77 days then switched to natural DHA (H-DHA) for 74 days. Tissue were harvested for analyses at various time points. D-DHA substitution levels were 75%-80% in the CNS and above 90% in all other tissues by day 77. D-DHA accretion was rapid in plasma and liver (t1/2a ∼2.8 d), followed by heart and red blood cells (t1/2a ∼8.5 d), then ocular tissues (choroid-RPE, neural retina, and optic nerve with t1/2a of 10.1, 23.4, and 26.3 days, respectively), while CNS accretion was slowest (t1/2a of 29.0-44.3 days). D-DHA elimination rates were comparable to, or slower than, accretion rates except for optic nerve. Retina had very long chain D-PUFA (D-VLC-PUFA) with 5 and 6 double bonds up to C36, as well as D-EPA and D-DPA derived metabolically from D-DHA. The neural retina and optic nerve reached the therapeutic target window (20%-50%) in 2-4 weeks. Biosynthesis of D-VLC-PUFA is consistent with normal metabolism. D-DHA crosses the blood-retina-barrier, enters visually active tissues, and is metabolized as its natural DHA parent where, as shown previously (Liu et al., 2022), it protects against lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve James
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Whitney Bohannan
- Departments of Cell Biology, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology and Dean McGee Eye Institute, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Eniola Adewunmi
- Departments of Cell Biology, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology and Dean McGee Eye Institute, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Karsten Schmidt
- Retrotope, Inc., 4300 El Camino Real, Suite 201, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | | | - Martin-Paul Agbaga
- Departments of Cell Biology, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology and Dean McGee Eye Institute, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 608 Stanton L, Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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5
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Moir M, Yepuri N, Marshall D, Blanksby S, Darwish T. Synthesis of Perdeuterated Linoleic Acid‐d31 and Chain Deuterated 1‐Palmitoyl‐2‐linoleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine‐d62. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Moir
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation AUSTRALIA
| | - Nageshwar Yepuri
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Tamim Darwish
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation AUSTRALIA
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6
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Watanabe A, Hama K, Watanabe K, Fujiwara Y, Yokoyama K, Murata S, Takita R. Controlled Tetradeuteration of Straight‐Chain Fatty Acids: Synthesis, Application, and Insight into the Metabolism of Oxidized Linoleic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202779. [PMID: 35411582 PMCID: PMC9324819 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Watanabe
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kotaro Hama
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO) Teikyo University Japan
| | - Kohei Watanabe
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yuko Fujiwara
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Ryo Takita
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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7
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Watanabe A, Hama K, Watanabe K, Fujiwara Y, Yokoyama K, Murata S, Takita R. Controlled Tetradeuteration of Straight‐Chain Fatty Acids: Synthesis, Application, and Insight into the Metabolism of Oxidized Linoleic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Watanabe
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kotaro Hama
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO) Teikyo University Japan
| | - Kohei Watanabe
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yuko Fujiwara
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharma-Sciences Teikyo University 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Ryo Takita
- One-stop Sharing Facility Center for Future Drug Discoveries Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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8
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Liu Y, Bell BA, Song Y, Zhang K, Anderson B, Axelsen PH, Bohannan W, Agbaga M, Park HG, James G, Brenna JT, Schmidt K, Dunaief JL, Shchepinov MS. Deuterated docosahexaenoic acid protects against oxidative stress and geographic atrophy-like retinal degeneration in a mouse model with iron overload. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13579. [PMID: 35257475 PMCID: PMC9009113 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a central role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Iron, a potent generator of hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton reaction, has been implicated in AMD. One easily oxidized molecule is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in photoreceptor membranes. Oxidation of DHA produces toxic oxidation products including carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) adducts, which are increased in the retinas of AMD patients. In this study, we hypothesized that deuterium substitution on the bis-allylic sites of DHA in photoreceptor membranes could prevent iron-induced retinal degeneration by inhibiting oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Mice were fed with either DHA deuterated at the oxidation-prone positions (D-DHA) or control natural DHA and then given an intravitreal injection of iron or control saline. Orally administered D-DHA caused a dose-dependent increase in D-DHA levels in the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as measured by mass spectrometry. At 1 week after iron injection, D-DHA provided nearly complete protection against iron-induced retinal autofluorescence and retinal degeneration, as determined by in vivo imaging, electroretinography, and histology. Iron injection resulted in carboxyethylpyrrole conjugate immunoreactivity in photoreceptors and RPE in mice fed with natural DHA but not D-DHA. Quantitative PCR results were consistent with iron-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and retinal cell death in mice fed with natural DHA but not D-DHA. Taken together, our findings suggest that DHA oxidation is central to the pathogenesis of iron-induced retinal degeneration. They also provide preclinical evidence that dosing with D-DHA could be a viable therapeutic strategy for retinal diseases involving oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrui Liu
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Brent A. Bell
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ying Song
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kevin Zhang
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Brandon Anderson
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paul H. Axelsen
- Department of PharmacologyPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Whitney Bohannan
- Departments of Cell Biology and OphthalmologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and the Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Martin‐Paul Agbaga
- Departments of Cell Biology and OphthalmologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and the Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Genevieve James
- Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - J. Thomas Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | | | - Joshua L. Dunaief
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular OphthalmologyScheie Eye InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Deuterated Arachidonic Acid Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Damage in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040681. [PMID: 35453366 PMCID: PMC9027010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a major component of lipid bilayers as well as the key substrate for the eicosanoid cascades. ARA is readily oxidized, and its non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidation products induce inflammatory responses in nearly all tissues, including lung tissues. Deuteration at bis-allylic positions substantially decreases the overall rate of ARA oxidation when hydrogen abstraction is an initiating event. To compare the effects of dosing of arachidonic acid (H-ARA) and its bis-allylic hexadeuterated form (D-ARA) on lungs in conventionally healthy mice and in an acute lung injury model, mice were dosed with H-ARA or D-ARA for six weeks through dietary supplementation and then challenged with intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for subsequent analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Dosing on D-ARA resulted in successful incorporation of D-ARA into various tissues. D-ARA significantly reduced LPS-induced adverse effects on alveolar septal thickness and the bronchoalveolar area. Oral deuterated ARA is taken up efficiently and protects against adverse LPS-induced pathology. This suggests novel therapeutic avenues for reducing lung damage during severe infections and other pathological conditions with inflammation in the pulmonary system and other inflammatory diseases.
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10
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Kopf S, Bourriquen F, Li W, Neumann H, Junge K, Beller M. Recent Developments for the Deuterium and Tritium Labeling of Organic Molecules. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6634-6718. [PMID: 35179363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds labeled with hydrogen isotopes play a crucial role in numerous areas, from materials science to medicinal chemistry. Indeed, while the replacement of hydrogen by deuterium gives rise to improved absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties in drugs and enables the preparation of internal standards for analytical mass spectrometry, the use of tritium-labeled compounds is a key technique all along drug discovery and development in the pharmaceutical industry. For these reasons, the interest in new methodologies for the isotopic enrichment of organic molecules and the extent of their applications are equally rising. In this regard, this Review intends to comprehensively discuss the new developments in this area over the last years (2017-2021). Notably, besides the fundamental hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reactions and the use of isotopically labeled analogues of common organic reagents, a plethora of reductive and dehalogenative deuteration techniques and other transformations with isotope incorporation are emerging and are now part of the labeling toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kopf
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Wu Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Yang X, Ben H, Ragauskas AJ. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Deuterium‐Labeled Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of BioFibers and Eco-textiles Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Haoxi Ben
- State Key Laboratory of BioFibers and Eco-textiles Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Center for Renewable Carbon Department of Forestry Wildlife and Fisheries University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture Knoxville TN 37996 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA
- Joint Institute for Biological Science Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
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12
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Wang DH, Park HG, Wang Z, Lacombe RJS, Shmanai VV, Bekish AV, Schmidt K, Shchepinov MS, Brenna JT. Toward Quantitative Sequencing of Deuteration of Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Chains in Fatty Acids. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8238-8247. [PMID: 34048647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
No general method currently is available for the quantitative determination of deuterium (D) at C positions along a hydrocarbon chain. Bis-allylic deuterated highly unsaturated fatty acids (D-HUFA) are a novel class of drugs stabilized against H-abstraction-mediated oxidation by deuteration at the most labile positions. Ru-based catalytic deuteration overcomes the limited scale of bis-allylic D-HUFA production by total organic synthesis; however, it produces a complex mixture of bis-allylic D isotopologues and isotopomers, requiring detailed sequencing for characterization. We report here adaptation and application of the Paternó-Büchi (PB) reaction of 2-acetylpyridine to a series of D-HUFA with analysis by shotgun lipidomics to determine position-specific quantitative D abundances. Sodiated PBD-HUFA result in diagnostic ions of high abundance upon collision-induced dissociation (CID) activation, enabling sensitive differentiation and quantification of D fraction at each bis- and mono-allylic position for each isotopologue. Catalytically deuterated isotopologues D5-7 linolenic acid (D5-7 LnA), D6-8 arachidonic acid (D6-8 ARA), D7-9 eicosapentaenoic acid (D7-9 EPA), and D9-11 docosahexaenoic acid (D9-11 DHA) incorporate 80-98, 95-100, 81-100, and 83-100% D at their bis-allylic positions, respectively. D-HUFA isotopologues having D number greater than or equal to bis-allylic sites (e.g., D10-DHA or D11-DHA) deuterated >95% at bis-allylic positions, except for D-LnA. The mono-allylic position near the methyl end deuterates to a much greater extent than the mono-allylic position near the carboxyl end, and both positions deuterate only when bis-allylic D is near-saturated. This method enables rapid, accurate characterization of position and isotopomer-specific D composition and enables sequencing along the chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hao Wang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | | | - Vadim V Shmanai
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Belarus, 13 Surganova Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Andrei V Bekish
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Belarus, 13 Surganova Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | | | | | - J Thomas Brenna
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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13
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Demidov VV. Site-specifically deuterated essential lipids as new drugs against neuronal, retinal and vascular degeneration. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1469-1476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Synthesis, Structure and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Phosphine–Imidazolium Salt. MOLBANK 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/m1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of homogeneous catalysis, particularly in anti-Markovnikov hydration, sterically demanding phosphine ligand has found to be very effective. Here we report the crystal structure of a phosphine-imidazolium salt which crystallized in monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 16.6623(13) (Å), b = 10.6686(8) (Å) and c = 12.8916(11) with = 110.232(2). Hirshfeld surface analysis show that the halogen–hydrogen interaction leads to a formation of 1D chain.
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15
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Zhang X, Chen Q, Song R, Xu J, Tian W, Li S, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-Catalyzed α,γ-Deuteration of Enals under Oxidative Conditions. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Qiao Chen
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Runjiang Song
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jun Xu
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shaoyuan Li
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
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16
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Shchepinov MS. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Deuteration against Neurodegeneration. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:236-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Cera G, Della Ca' N, Maestri G. Palladium(0)/benzoic acid catalysis merges sequences with D 2O-promoted labelling of C-H bonds. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10297-10304. [PMID: 32110316 PMCID: PMC6979390 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03682b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of a Pd(0) complex with benzoic acid in the presence of D2O enables the synthesis of valuable families of highly deuterated organics through elaborate sequential reactions. The catalytic system can convert 2-butyne fragments into the corresponding d-dienamides, which can then readily deliver labeled polycyclic quinone motifs. Propargylated tryptamines lead to formation of highly enriched tetrahydrocarbolines through the C-H activation of their unprotected indole ring. Mechanistic studies reveal the ordered series of events that regulate the outcome of these complex reactions, which include multiple, sequential and selective H/D scrambling from the cheapest and safest deuterium source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Cera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A , 43124 Parma , Italy .
| | - Nicola Della Ca'
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A , 43124 Parma , Italy .
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A , 43124 Parma , Italy .
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18
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Beaudoin-Chabot C, Wang L, Smarun AV, Vidović D, Shchepinov MS, Thibault G. Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Reduce Oxidative Stress and Extend the Lifespan of C. elegans. Front Physiol 2019; 10:641. [PMID: 31191345 PMCID: PMC6546729 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically reinforced essential fatty acids (FAs) promise to fight numerous age-related diseases including Alzheimer’s, Friedreich’s ataxia and other neurological conditions. The reinforcement is achieved by substituting the atoms of hydrogen at the bis-allylic methylene of these essential FAs with the isotope deuterium. This substitution leads to a significantly slower oxidation due to the kinetic isotope effect, inhibiting membrane damage. The approach has the advantage of preventing the harmful accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting the propagation of lipid peroxidation while antioxidants potentially neutralize beneficial oxidative species. Here, we developed a model system to mimic the human dietary requirement of omega-3 in Caenorhabditis elegans to study the role of deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids (D-PUFAs). Deuterated trilinolenin [D-TG(54:9)] was sufficient to prevent the accumulation of lipid peroxides and to reduce the accumulation or ROS. Moreover, D-TG(54:9) significantly extended the lifespan of worms under normal and oxidative stress conditions. These findings demonstrate that D-PUFAs can be used as a food supplement to decelerate the aging process, resulting in extended lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Guillaume Thibault
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Wang K, Chen X, Peng X, Wang P, Liang F. A highly selective H/D exchange reaction of 1,4-dihydropyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3845-3852. [PMID: 30938395 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00575g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a simple, economical, and effective acid-mediated method for the in situ deuteration of Hantzsch esters and their 4-substituted derivatives, including some drugs that constitute important calcium channel blockers which are effective for hypertension treatment. Hydrogen isotope exchange occurred selectively at α-alkyl C-H bonds in the 2,6-substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqian Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key Laboratory, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
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20
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Firsov AM, Fomich MA, Bekish AV, Sharko OL, Kotova EA, Saal HJ, Vidovic D, Shmanai VV, Pratt DA, Antonenko YN, Shchepinov MS. Threshold protective effect of deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids on peroxidation of lipid bilayers. FEBS J 2019; 286:2099-2117. [PMID: 30851224 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) damages lipid membranes and generates numerous toxic by-products implicated in neurodegeneration, aging, and other pathologies. Abstraction of bis-allylic hydrogen atoms is the rate-limiting step of PUFA autoxidation, which is inhibited by replacing bis-allylic hydrogens with deuterium atoms (D-PUFAs). In cells, the presence of a relatively small fraction of D-PUFAs among natural PUFAs is sufficient to effectively inhibit lipid peroxidation (LPO). Here, we investigate the effect of various D-PUFAs on the stability of liposomes under oxidative stress conditions. The permeability of vesicle membranes to fluorescent dyes was measured as a proxy for bilayer integrity, and the formation of conjugated dienes was monitored as a proxy for LPO. Remarkably, both approaches reveal a similar threshold for the protective effect of D-PUFAs in liposomes. We show that protection rendered by D-PUFAs depends on the structure of the deuterated fatty acid. Our findings suggest that protection of PUFAs against autoxidation depends on the total level of deuterated bi-sallylic (CD2 ) groups present in the lipid bilayer. However, the phospholipid containing 6,6,9,9,12,12,15,15,18,18-d10 -docosahexaenoic acid exerts a stronger protective effect than should be expected from its deuteration level. These findings further support the application of D-PUFAs as preventive/therapeutic agents in numerous pathologies that involve LPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Firsov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Maksim A Fomich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Andrei V Bekish
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Olga L Sharko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Elena A Kotova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | | | - Dragoslav Vidovic
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vadim V Shmanai
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Derek A Pratt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yuri N Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
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21
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Paulson ER, Delgado E, Cooksy AL, Grotjahn DB. Catalyst versus Substrate Control of Forming (E)-2-Alkenes from 1-Alkenes Using Bifunctional Ruthenium Catalysts. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik R. Paulson
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Esteban Delgado
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Andrew L. Cooksy
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Douglas B. Grotjahn
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
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22
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Vik A, Hansen TV. Synthetic manipulations of polyunsaturated fatty acids as a convenient strategy for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9319-9333. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02586j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of commercial polyunsaturated fatty acids in semi-syntheses of polyunsaturated natural products and derivatives has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Vik
- School of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0316 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- School of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0316 Oslo
- Norway
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