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Poškaitė G, Wheatley DE, Wells N, Linclau B, Sinnaeve D. Obtaining Pure 1H NMR Spectra of Individual Pyranose and Furanose Anomers of Reducing Deoxyfluorinated Sugars. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13908-13925. [PMID: 37754916 PMCID: PMC10563139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to tautomeric equilibria, NMR spectra of reducing sugars can be complex with many overlapping resonances. This hampers coupling constant determination, which is required for conformational analysis and configurational assignment of substituents. Given that mixtures of interconverting species are physically inseparable, easy-to-use techniques that enable facile full 1H NMR characterization of sugars are of interest. Here, we show that individual spectra of both pyranoside and furanoside forms of reducing fluorosugars can be obtained using 1D FESTA. We discuss the unique opportunities offered by FESTA over standard sel-TOCSY and show how it allows a more complete characterization. We illustrate the power of FESTA by presenting the first full NMR characterization of many fluorosugars, including of the important fluorosugar 2-deoxy-2-fluoroglucose. We discuss in detail all practical considerations for setting up FESTA experiments for fluorosugars, which can be extended to any mixture of fluorine-containing species interconverting slowly on the NMR frequency-time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabija Poškaitė
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - David E. Wheatley
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Wells
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus
Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
- CNRS, EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, F-59000 Lille, France
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2
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Park J, Abramowitz RG, Gwon S, Cheung LS. Exploring the Substrate Specificity of a Sugar Transporter with Biosensors and Cheminformatics. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:565-571. [PMID: 36719856 PMCID: PMC9942192 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs) are conserved sugar transporters that play crucial roles in plant physiology and biotechnology. The genomes of flowering plants typically encode about 20 SWEET paralogs that can be classified into four clades. Clades I, II, and IV have been reported to favor hexoses, while clade III SWEETs prefer sucrose. However, the molecular features of substrates required for recognition by members of this family have not been investigated in detail. Here, we show that SweetTrac1, a previously reported biosensor constructed from the Clade I Arabidopsis thaliana SWEET1, can provide insight into the structural requirements for substrate recognition. The biosensor translates substrate binding to the transporter into a change in fluorescence, and its application in a small-molecule screen combined with cheminformatics uncovered 12 new sugars and their derivatives capable of eliciting a response. Furthermore, we confirmed that the wild-type transporter mediates cellular uptake of three of these species, including the diabetes drugs 1-deoxynojirimycin and voglibose. Our results show that SWEETs can recognize different furanoses, pyranoses, and acyclic sugars, illustrating the potential of combining biosensors and computational techniques to uncover the basis of substrate specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Park
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ryan G. Abramowitz
- School
of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sojeong Gwon
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Lily S. Cheung
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States,
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3
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Relationships between Molecular Structure of Carbohydrates and Their Dynamic Hydration Shells Revealed by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111969. [PMID: 34769399 PMCID: PMC8584907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite more than a century of research on the hydration of biomolecules, the hydration of carbohydrates is insufficiently studied. An approach to studying dynamic hydration shells of carbohydrates in aqueous solutions based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy assay is developed in the current work. Monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, galacturonic acid) and polysaccharides (dextran, amylopectin, polygalacturonic acid) solutions were studied. The contribution of the dissolved carbohydrates was subtracted from the measured dielectric permittivities of aqueous solutions based on the corresponding effective medium models. The obtained dielectric permittivities of the water phase were used to calculate the parameters describing intermolecular relaxation and oscillatory processes in water. It is established that all of the analyzed carbohydrates lead to the increase of the binding degree of water. Hydration shells of monosaccharides are characterized by elevated numbers of hydrogen bonds and their mean energies compared to undisturbed water, as well as by elevated numbers and the lifetime of free water molecules. The axial orientation of the OH(4) group of sugar facilitates a wider distribution of hydrogen bond energies in hydration shells compared to equatorial orientation. The presence of the carboxylic group affects water structure significantly. The hydration of polysaccharides is less apparent than that of monosaccharides, and it depends on the type of glycosidic bonds.
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Wheatley DE, Fontenelle CQ, Kuppala R, Szpera R, Briggs EL, Vendeville JB, Wells NJ, Light ME, Linclau B. Synthesis and Structural Characteristics of all Mono- and Difluorinated 4,6-Dideoxy-d- xylo-hexopyranoses. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7725-7756. [PMID: 34029099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions are implicated in many biochemical/biological processes that are fundamental to life and to human health. Fluorinated carbohydrate analogues play an important role in the study of these interactions and find application as probes in chemical biology and as drugs/diagnostics in medicine. The availability and/or efficient synthesis of a wide variety of fluorinated carbohydrates is thus of great interest. Here, we report a detailed study on the synthesis of monosaccharides in which the hydroxy groups at their 4- and 6-positions are replaced by all possible mono- and difluorinated motifs. Minimization of protecting group use was a key aim. It was found that introducing electronegative substituents, either as protecting groups or as deoxygenation intermediates, was generally beneficial for increasing deoxyfluorination yields. A detailed structural study of this set of analogues demonstrated that dideoxygenation/fluorination at the 4,6-positions caused very little distortion both in the solid state and in aqueous solution. Unexpected trends in α/β anomeric ratios were identified. Increasing fluorine content always increased the α/β ratio, with very little difference between regio- or stereoisomers, except when 4,6-difluorinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Wheatley
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Clement Q Fontenelle
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Ramakrishna Kuppala
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Robert Szpera
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Edward L Briggs
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | | | - Neil J Wells
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Mark E Light
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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5
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Linclau B, Ardá A, Reichardt NC, Sollogoub M, Unione L, Vincent SP, Jiménez-Barbero J. Fluorinated carbohydrates as chemical probes for molecular recognition studies. Current status and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:3863-3888. [PMID: 32520059 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an extensive summary of the effects of carbohydrate fluorination with regard to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties with respect to regular saccharides. The specific structural, conformational, stability, reactivity and interaction features of fluorinated sugars are described, as well as their applications as probes and in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO171BJ, UK
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | | | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luca Unione
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain. and Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain and Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Sosa-Gil C, Babiano R, Cintas P, Light ME, Palacios JC. On the anomeric preference of the isothiocyanato group. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00852h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Anomeric effect of the isothiocyanato group has been quantified for the first time in xylopyranose triacetates; both anomers being synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Sosa-Gil
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Reyes Babiano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Mark E. Light
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- The University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Juan C. Palacios
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
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7
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Martínez JD, Manzano AI, Calviño E, Diego AD, Rodriguez de Francisco B, Romanò C, Oscarson S, Millet O, Gabius HJ, Jiménez-Barbero J, Cañada FJ. Fluorinated Carbohydrates as Lectin Ligands: Simultaneous Screening of a Monosaccharide Library and Chemical Mapping by 19F NMR Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2020; 85:16072-16081. [PMID: 33258593 PMCID: PMC7773211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular recognition of carbohydrates is a key step in essential biological processes. Carbohydrate receptors can distinguish monosaccharides even if they only differ in a single aspect of the orientation of the hydroxyl groups or harbor subtle chemical modifications. Hydroxyl-by-fluorine substitution has proven its merits for chemically mapping the importance of hydroxyl groups in carbohydrate-receptor interactions. 19F NMR spectroscopy could thus be adapted to allow contact mapping together with screening in compound mixtures. Using a library of fluorinated glucose (Glc), mannose (Man), and galactose (Gal) derived by systematically exchanging every hydroxyl group by a fluorine atom, we developed a strategy combining chemical mapping and 19F NMR T2 filtering-based screening. By testing this strategy on the proof-of-principle level with a library of 13 fluorinated monosaccharides to a set of three carbohydrate receptors of diverse origin, i.e. the human macrophage galactose-type lectin, a plant lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, and the bacterial Gal-/Glc-binding protein from Escherichia coli, it became possible to simultaneously define their monosaccharide selectivity and identify the essential hydroxyls for interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Daniel Martínez
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Ana I. Manzano
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Calviño
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana de Diego
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cecilia Romanò
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Oscar Millet
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV-EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Cañada
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias
(CIBERES), Avda Monforte
de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Hevey R. Bioisosteres of Carbohydrate Functional Groups in Glycomimetic Design. Biomimetics (Basel) 2019; 4:E53. [PMID: 31357673 PMCID: PMC6784292 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics4030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant presentation of carbohydrates has been linked to a number of diseases, such as cancer metastasis and immune dysregulation. These altered glycan structures represent a target for novel therapies by modulating their associated interactions with neighboring cells and molecules. Although these interactions are highly specific, native carbohydrates are characterized by very low affinities and inherently poor pharmacokinetic properties. Glycomimetic compounds, which mimic the structure and function of native glycans, have been successful in producing molecules with improved pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) features. Several strategies have been developed for glycomimetic design such as ligand pre-organization or reducing polar surface area. A related approach to developing glycomimetics relies on the bioisosteric replacement of carbohydrate functional groups. These changes can offer improvements to both binding affinity (e.g., reduced desolvation costs, enhanced metal chelation) and pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g., improved oral bioavailability). Several examples of bioisosteric modifications to carbohydrates have been reported; this review aims to consolidate them and presents different possibilities for enhancing core interactions in glycomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hevey
- Molecular Pharmacy, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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9
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Liu X, Wen GE, Liu JC, Liao JX, Sun JS. Total synthesis of scutellarin and apigenin 7-O-β-d-glucuronide. Carbohydr Res 2019; 475:69-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Doyle LM, Meany FB, Murphy PV. Lewis acid promoted anomerisation of alkyl O- and S-xylo-, arabino- and fucopyranosides. Carbohydr Res 2019; 471:85-94. [PMID: 30508660 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pentopyranoside and 6-deoxyhexopyranosides, such as those from d-xylose, l-arabinose and l-fucose are components of natural products, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Lewis acid promoted anomerisation of some of their alkyl O- and S-glycopyranosides is reported here. SnCl4 was more successful than TiCl4, with the latter giving the glycosyl chloride by-product in some cases, and both were superior to BF3OEt2. Kinetics study using 1H NMR spectroscopy showed an order of reactivity: O-xylopyranoside > O-arabinopyranoside > O-fucopyranoside. Benzoylated glycosides were more reactive than acetylated glycosides. The reactivity of S-glycosides was greater than that of O-glycosides for both arabinose and fucose derivatives; the reactivity of O- and S-xylopyranosides was similar. The highest stereoselectivities were observed for fucopyranosides. The β-d-xylopyranoside and α-l-arabinopyranoside reactants are conformationally more flexible than β-l-fucopyranosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Doyle
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Fiach B Meany
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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