1
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Borah B, Patat M, Chowhan LR. Organocatalytic enantioselective assembly of dispiro-bisoxindoles with vicinal stereocenters. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:8365-8373. [PMID: 39344252 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01316f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the rapid development achieved in enantioselective transformations, accessing contiguous quaternary and tertiary stereocenters ubiquitous in natural products and biologically active compounds has been an important and challenging task for synthetic chemists in modern organic chemistry. Drawing inspiration from the huge significance of spirooxindoles featuring a unique spatial structure and incredible medicinal activities, the search for these fascinating compounds in nature and developing new synthetic routes for installing multiple stereocenters remain core areas for synthetic chemists. This mini-review article demonstrates a transitory overview of the organocatalytic enantioselective strategies developed for assembling broad-spectrum dispiro-bisoxindole scaffolds comprising vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters. While addressing the notable advancement accomplished in this intriguing field, we have also discussed the drawbacks and challenges associated with the reaction findings to support more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- Department of Chemistry, Royal School of Applied & Pure Sciences, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati-781035, Assam, India.
| | - Mihir Patat
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India.
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India.
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2
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Ren JW, Zhang HX, Han CS, Zhang QH, Di RD, Sun JH. Umpolung Strategy for the One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Steric Bispirooxindoles via the l-Amino Acid Ester-Promoted In Situ Reduction/Nucleophilic Addition/Cyclization Cascade Reaction. J Org Chem 2024; 89:12716-12724. [PMID: 39138971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
On the basis of a novel umpolung strategy, an efficient l-amino acid ester-mediated in situ reduction of 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malononitrile and sequential nucleophilic addition/cyclization cascade reaction is reported. Various densely substituted cyclopentene bispirooxindoles and dihydrofuran bispirooxindoles with two quaternary spirocenters were constructed in high yields (≤93%) with excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1 dr). The method has advantages of readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, a one-pot process, a metal-free biomimetic reducing agent, a wide substrate scope, and operational simplicity (single filtration without column chromatography).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Huai-Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Shuai Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Dong Di
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hui Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
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3
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Liu S, Yang YC, Yang YQ, Li X, Wang P, Li YL, Deng J. Asymmetric Tandem Michael Addition/Interrupted Nef Reactions of Nitromethane with Oxindole-Derived Alkenes: Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro-polycyclic Oxindoles. Org Lett 2024; 26:3279-3283. [PMID: 38578864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Chiral spiro-polycyclic oxindoles are valuable heterocyclic ring systems that are widely distributed in natural alkaloids and biologically active compounds. Herein, we reported an asymmetric tandem Michael addition/interrupted Nef reaction of nitromethane with oxindole-derived alkenes catalyzed by a chiral 2-aminobenzimidazole bifunctional organocatalyst. A series of novel enantiomerically enriched spiro-polycyclic oxindole derivatives bearing an oxime group were synthesized in moderate to excellent isolated yields (up to 99%) with an excellent level of enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). Furthermore, the antiproliferation activity of the resulting oxindoles derivatives were evaluated, and compound 2d demonstrated promising anticancer properties against HCT116 (IC50 = 14.08 μM) and HT29 (IC50 = 15.46 μM) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yu-Chen Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yong-Qi Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yin-Long Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta 30322, Georgia, United States
| | - Jun Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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4
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Zhang J, Li WS, Lu S, Tian F, Wang LX. Enantioselective Benzylation and Allylation of a Crucial Synthon of 3-Amino Oxindole Schiff Base Promoted by a Cinchonidinium Phase Transfer Catalyst to Enable the Effective Preparation of Chiral Quaternary 3-Amino Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5801-5812. [PMID: 37053546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
3-Amino oxindole Schiff base has been used as an efficient and crucial synthon for highly enantioselective benzylation and allylation with benzyl bromides and allyl bromides in the presence of a 1,3-bis[O(9)-allylcinchonidinium-N-methyl]-2-fluorobenzene dibromide phase transfer catalyst under mild reaction conditions. A broad series of chiral quaternary 3-amino oxindoles were smoothly obtained in good to excellent yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) with broad substrate generality. A typical scale-up preparation and subsequent Ullman coupling reaction were also smoothly performed, and a special and important chiral spirooxindole benzofuzed pyrrol scaffold with potential pharmaceutical and organocatalytic activities was successfully obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Asmari Bardazard K, Shahrestani N, Zamani A, Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Hamzehloueian M, Notash B. Regioselective synthesis of enantiopure 1,2- and 1,3-dispirooxindoles along with a DFT study. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2143-2161. [PMID: 36799076 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02311c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a library of important enantiopure dispirooxindole [indolizidine, pyrrolizidine, and pyrrolidine] derivatives with three or four contiguous and two quaternary stereogenic centers using different amino acids (pipecolic acid, sarcosine, proline and hydroxyproline) were synthesized in high yields (up to 96%) through a regio- and diastereoselective (up to 99 : 1) multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition strategy. Based on the results, the alteration of amino acids led to a change in the regioselectivity and unusual regioisomers (pyrrolizidine versus indolizidine/pyrrolidine) were obtained to construct a novel enantiopure 1,3-dispirooxindole skeleton. The stereochemical outcome of the cycloaddition was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE) test confirmed the enantiomeric purity of the desired products. The mechanism and differences in the regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between the stable azomethane ylides obtained from ninhydrin, pipecolinic acid, and proline with (E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylideneacetyl sultam were theoretically studied through DFT calculations at the M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level in methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Asmari Bardazard
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Naeimeh Shahrestani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Amirhosein Zamani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Eskandari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | | | - Behrouz Notash
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
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6
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You Y, Li TT, Sun TJ, Zhang YP, Wang ZH, Zhao JQ, Yuan WC. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Quaternary-Tetrasubstituted Carbon Stereocenters by Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Propargylic Substitution. Org Lett 2022; 24:7671-7676. [PMID: 36226893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective construction of vicinal tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters is a formidable challenge in organic synthesis. A copper-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative propargylic substitution with 3-amino oxindoles as trisubstituted carbon nucleophiles and propargylic cyclic carbonates as tertiary carbon electrophiles was developed. A range of 3-amino-3,3'-disubstituted oxindoles bearing vicinal quaternary-tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters were obtained in high yields and good to excellent stereoselectivities (up to 98% yield, >20:1 dr, and 98.5:1.5 er).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting-Jia Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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7
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Deng R, Han TJ, Gao X, Yang YF, Mei GJ. Further developments of β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters as versatile synthons in asymmetric catalysis. iScience 2022; 25:103913. [PMID: 35243262 PMCID: PMC8881726 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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8
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Li TH, Du DM. Asymmetric synthesis of isoxazole and trifluoromethyl-containing 3,2'-pyrrolidinyl dispirooxindoles via squaramide-catalysed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:817-823. [PMID: 35005763 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient squaramide-catalysed asymmetric domino Michael/Mannich [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-isatylidenyl-isoxazoles and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines was developed. A new class of complex and diverse-skeleton isoxazole and trifluoromethyl-containing 3,2'-pyrrolidinyl dispirooxindoles bearing four contiguous stereogenic centers including two adjacent spiro quaternary stereocentres were obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) with excellent diastereoselectivities (>20 : 1 dr, in all cases) and enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). Moreover, the potential utilities of the protocol have been demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and further transformation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da-Ming Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Yin ZG, Liu XW, Chen L, Liu XL, Pan BW, Zhou Y. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis and evaluation of densely functionalized bispiro[oxindole-isoxazole-indandione] hybrids as anticancer agents. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03349f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This is the combination of three key pharmacophores through bispiro quaternary carbon atoms and evaluation of their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiong-Wei Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo-Wen Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
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10
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Tian X, Zhang Y, Ren W, Wang Y. Synthesis of functionalized 3,2′-pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles via domino 1,6-addition/annulation reactions of para-quinone methides and 3-chlorooxindoles. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient diastereoselective [4 + 1] cycloaddition of ortho-tosylaminophenyl-substituted p-QMs with 3-chlorooxindoles has been developed to afford 3,2′-pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Tian
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Weiwu Ren
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM), Qingdao 266237, China
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11
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Biswas A, Ghosh A, Shankhdhar R, Chatterjee I. Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Rings. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Biswas
- Department of Chemistry Hooghly Women's College Hooghly West Bengal India
| | - Avisek Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology- Ropar India
| | - Rajat Shankhdhar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology- Ropar India
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12
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Ai Y, Li D, Li G, Li H, He X, Fu X, Wang Y, Zhan G, Han B. Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclopentane Oxindoles
via
[2+3] Annulation with 2‐(2‐Oxoindolin‐3‐yl)malononitriles as 1,2‐Carbon Bisnucleophiles. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue‐Yan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong‐Ai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - He‐Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang‐Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Ju Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Gu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
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13
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Upadhyay R, Rana R, Maurya SK. Organocatalyzed C−N bond‐forming Reactions for the Synthesis of Amines and Amides. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Upadhyay
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR-HRDC Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | - Rohit Rana
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR-HRDC Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | - Sushil K. Maurya
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR-HRDC Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
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14
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Lu W, Li J, Lu Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of Silyl Enol Ethers with Isatin‐Derived Oxindolyl β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Keto Esters. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jindong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yangmian Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Zhenggen Zha
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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15
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Abstract
This review summaries recent synthetic developments towards spirocyclic oxindoles and applications as valuable medicinal and synthetic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Boddy
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
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16
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Lin Y, Hou X, Li B, Du D. Organocatalytic Remote Asymmetric Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Oxa‐Diels‐Alder Reaction of Allyl Ketones with Isatin‐Derived Unsaturated Keto Esters. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi‐Qiang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing‐Yu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Da‐Ming Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
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17
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Song XJ, Ren HX, Xiang M, Li CY, Zou Y, Li X, Huang ZC, Tian F, Wang LX. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael Addition between 3-(3-hydroxy-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl)Oxindole and β -Nitrostyrene for the Preparation of Chiral Disubstituted Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9290-9300. [PMID: 32583669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new enantioselective Michael addition between 3-(3-hydroxy-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)oxindole, a new synthon generated from isatin N,N'-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipole, and β-nitrostyrene has been disclosed. A series of chiral 3-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) disubstituted oxindoles were obtained in excellent results (up to 97% yield, up to 94% ee) with moderate to good diastereoselectivities (up to 4.3:1 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Min Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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18
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Vagh SS, Karanam P, Liao C, Lin T, Liou Y, Edukondalu A, Chen Y, Lin W. Enantioselective Construction of Spirooxindole‐Fused Cyclopenta[
c
]chromen‐4‐ones Bearing Five Contiguous Stereocenters via a Stepwise (3+2) Cycloaddition. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Sambhaji Vagh
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Praneeth Karanam
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng‐Chieh Liao
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ting‐Han Lin
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yan‐Cheng Liou
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Athukuri Edukondalu
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi‐Ru Chen
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, R.O.C
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19
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Shahrestani N, Tovfighmadar K, Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Notash B, Mirzaei P. Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched Bis‐spirooxindole Pyrrolizidine/Pyrrolidines through Asymmetric [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Shahrestani
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Kolsoum Tovfighmadar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Mehdi Eskandari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Behrouz Notash
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Peiman Mirzaei
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
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20
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Chen J, Huang BQ, Wang ZQ, Zhang XJ, Yan M. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ethylene Sulfonyl Fluorides to 3-Amido-2-oxindoles: Synthesis of Chiral Spirocyclic Oxindole Sultams. Org Lett 2019; 21:9742-9746. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bao-qin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zeng-qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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21
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Shukla D, Babu SA. Pd‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Intramolecular Amide
α
‐C−H Arylation in Sterically Hindered Monospirooxindole Motifs. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Shukla
- Department Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O. Punjab 140306 India
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O. Punjab 140306 India
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22
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Zhang LL, Da BC, Xiang SH, Zhu S, Yuan ZY, Guo Z, Tan B. Organocatalytic double arylation of 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles: Stereocontrolled synthesis of complex spirooxindoles. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Akaev AA, Bezzubov SI, Desyatkin VG, Vorobyeva NS, Majouga AG, Melnikov MY, Budynina EM. Stereocontrolled [3+2] Cycloaddition of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes to Iminooxindoles: Access to Spiro[oxindole-3,2'-pyrrolidines]. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3340-3356. [PMID: 30735387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel stereocontrolled assembly of spiro[oxindole-3,2'-pyrrolidines] via [3+2]-cycloaddition of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to electron-poor ketimines, iminooxindoles, was developed. The method allows for efficient employment of common readily available donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, functionalized with ester, keto, nitro, cyano etc. groups, and N-unprotected iminooxindoles. The stereospecificity of the initial SN2-like imine attack on a cyclopropane molecule together with a high diastereoselectivity of further C-C bond formation facilitate a rapid access to spiro[oxindole-3,2'-pyrrolidines] in their optically active forms. Preliminary in vitro testing of the synthesized compounds against LNCaP (p53+) and PC-3 (p53-) cells revealed good antiproliferative activities and p53-selectivity indices for several compounds that are intriguing in terms of their further investigation as inhibitors of MDM2-p53 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Akaev
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Stanislav I Bezzubov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskiy pr. 31 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Victor G Desyatkin
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Nataliya S Vorobyeva
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" , Leninskiy pr. 4 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia.,National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" , Leninskiy pr. 4 , Moscow 119991 , Russia.,Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia , Miusskaya sq. 9 , Moscow 125047 , Russia
| | - Mikhail Ya Melnikov
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Budynina
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
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24
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Xu PW, Yu JS, Chen C, Cao ZY, Zhou F, Zhou J. Catalytic Enantioselective Construction of Spiro Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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25
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Lin Y, Song YX, Du DM. Enantioselective Synthesis of CF3
-Containing 3,2’-Pyrrolidinyl Spirooxindoles and Dispirooxindoles via Thiourea-Catalyzed Domino Michael/Mannich [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xing Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Ming Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 South Zhongguancun Street Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University
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26
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Zhao X, Xiong J, An J, Yu J, Zhu L, Feng X, Jiang X. Diastereodivergent construction of bispiro[oxindole-bi-pyrrolidine]s with four consecutive stereocentersviaasymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2,3-dioxopyrrolidines using identical catalysts. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00452a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The diastereodivergent asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition ofN-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines with the identical catalysts was firstly performed, which leads to two diastereomeric bispiro[oxindole-bi-pyrrolidine]s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jiale Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Junkai An
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Jicong Yu
- Testing and Inspection Center of Yangjiang City
- Yangjiang
- China
| | - Liping Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
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27
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Zhang J, Chan WL, Chen L, Ullah N, Lu Y. Creation of bispiro[pyrazolone-3,3′-oxindoles] via a phosphine-catalyzed enantioselective [3 + 2] annulation of the Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates with pyrazoloneyldiene oxindoles. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00471h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A [3 + 2] annulation between the Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates and pyrazoloneyldiene oxindoles catalyzed by (S)-SITCP has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Wai-Lun Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
- 117543 Singapore
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Materials
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Yixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
- 117543 Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute
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