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Shoji T, Takeuchi M, Uda M, Ariga Y, Yamazaki A, Sekiguchi R, Ito S. Synthesis of Azuleno[2,1- b]quinolones and Quinolines via Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Cyclization of 2-Arylaminoazulenes. Molecules 2023; 28:5785. [PMID: 37570755 PMCID: PMC10420867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinolone and quinoline derivatives are frequently found as substructures in pharmaceutically active compounds. In this paper, we describe a procedure for the synthesis of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones and quinolines from 2-arylaminoazulene derivatives, which are readily prepared via the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of a 2-chloroazulene derivative with several arylamines. The synthesis of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones was established by the Brønsted acid-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 2-arylaminoazulene derivatives bearing two ester groups at the five-membered ring. The halogenative aromatization of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones with POCl3 yielded azuleno[2,1-b]quinolines with a chlorine substituent at the pyridine moiety. The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolines bearing chlorine substituent with secondary amines was also investigated to afford the aminoquinoline derivatives. These synthetic methodologies reported in this paper should be valuable in the development of new pharmaceuticals based on the azulene skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Shoji
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama 963-8642, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Mayumi Uda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yukino Ariga
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akari Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sekiguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; (R.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Shunji Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan; (R.S.); (S.I.)
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2
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Li X, Ye F, Wang Y, Sun X, Chen H, Chen T, Gao Y, Chen H. Synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and biological evaluation of quinolines for development of anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023:e2200673. [PMID: 37160703 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) are a kind of natural alkaloids with multiple pharmaceutical activities. Herein, a focused compound library derived from THβCs was synthesized and their anticancer activities were studied in several cancer cell lines. Among them, three compounds showed considerable anticancer activities with low micromolar to submicromolar IC50 values. The abilities to induce apoptosis and alter mitochondrial membrane potential levels, which are comparable to those of the commercial anticancer drug adriamycin, were confirmed by one representative compound (21) on the B16/F10 cell line. Our preliminary structure-activity relationship studies indicated that alkylamines with suitable lengths are very important for potency improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xianbin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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3
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Shoji T, Sakata N, Ariga Y, Yamazaki A, Katoh R, Okujima T, Sekiguchi R, Ito S. Construction of a 2,2'-biazulene framework via Brønsted acid-promoted annulation of 2,3-di(1-azulenyl)benzofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3447-3450. [PMID: 36857723 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00373f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Dibenzofurans featuring a 2,2'-biazulene framework were prepared in good yields by Brønsted acid-promoted annulation of 2,3-di(1-azulenyl)benzofurans in 100% H3PO4. NMR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopies were used to investigate the structural and optical properties of the products prepared. Remarkably, the annulated products exhibited fluorescence, with the longest wavelength of azulene derivatives reported to date, which extended into the near-infrared region under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Shoji
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama 963-8642, Fukushima, Japan. .,Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Naoko Sakata
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yukino Ariga
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Akari Yamazaki
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Ryuzi Katoh
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama 963-8642, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sekiguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shunji Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Aomori, Japan
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Shoji T, Ariga Y, Ito S, Yasunami M. Azuleno[6,5-b]indoles: Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Ring-Closing Reaction of 6-(Arylamino)azulenes. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-s(r)5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Elwahy AHM, Hafner K. Alkynylazulenes as Building Blocks for Highly Unsaturated Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Hafner
- Clemens Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Technische Universität, Darmstadt Petersenstraβe 22 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Lvov AG, Bredihhin A. Azulene as an ingredient for visible-light- and stimuli-responsive photoswitches. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4460-4468. [PMID: 33949609 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00422k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The azulene molecule features a unique combination of optical, luminescence, and stimuli-responsive properties. This makes the azulene motif a promising functional group to be introduced in photoswitches. Recent challenges in the field of photochromic compounds require the development of new approaches to molecules that are switched by visible light (400-760 nm), are proton responsive and have advanced luminescent properties. Merging azulene with photoswitches opens prospects for fulfilling these requirements. Herein, we highlight recent results on the application of this hydrocarbon motif in various photochromic systems, such as stilbenes, diarylethenes, and azobenzenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Lvov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1, Favorsky St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation. and Irkutsk National Research Technical University 83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation
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Development of Heterocycle-Substituted and Fused Azulenes in the Last Decade (2010-2020). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197087. [PMID: 32992955 PMCID: PMC7582284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azulene derivatives with heterocyclic moieties in the molecule have been synthesized for applications in materials science by taking advantage of their unique properties. These derivatives have been prepared by various methods, involving electrophilic substitution, condensation, cyclization, and transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Herein, we present the development of the synthetic methods, reactivities, and physical properties for the heterocycle-substituted and heterocycle-fused azulenes reported in the last decade.
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Tani F, Narita M, Murafuji T. Helicene Radicals: Molecules Bearing a Combination of Helical Chirality and Unpaired Electron Spin. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2093-2104. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Tani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Masahiro Narita
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Toshihiro Murafuji
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi 753-8512 Japan
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Shoji T, Miura K, Ariga Y, Yamazaki A, Ito S, Yasunami M. Synthesis of thiophene-fused heptalenes by cycloaddition of azulenothiophenes with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12477. [PMID: 32719442 PMCID: PMC7385116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heptalene has a fused structure of two cycloheptatrienes which is one of the non-aromatic bicyclic molecules with a 12π-electronic structure. We report herein the synthesis of thiophene-fused heptalene derivatives from the corresponding azulenothiophenes via cycloaddition reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Their structure was clarified by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. The electronic properties of the thiophene-fused heptalenes obtained by this study were characterized by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements. The electrochemical features of these derivatives were also examined by voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Shoji
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Kota Miura
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yukino Ariga
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akari Yamazaki
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shunji Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yasunami
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8642, Japan
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Ran H, Duan X, Zheng R, Xie F, Chen L, Zhao Z, Han R, Lei Z, Hu JY. Two Isomeric Azulene-Decorated Naphthodithiophene Diimide-based Triads: Molecular Orbital Distribution Controls Polarity Change of OFETs Through Connection Position. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23225-23235. [PMID: 32252522 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Altering the charge carrier transport polarities of organic semiconductors by molecular orbital distribution has gained great interest. Herein, we report two isomeric azulene-decorated naphthodithiophene diimide (NDTI)-based triads (e.g., NDTI-B2Az and NDTI-B6Az), in which two azulene units were connected with NDTI at the 2-position of the azulene ring in NDTI-B2Az, whereas two azulene units were incorporated with NDTI at the 6-position of the azulene ring in NDTI-B6Az. The two isomeric triads were excellently soluble in common organic solvents. Density functional theory calculations on the molecular orbital distributions of the triads reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals are completely delocalized over the entire molecule for both NDTI-B2Az and NDTI-B6Az, indicating great potential for n-type transport behavior, whereas the highest occupied molecular orbitals are mainly delocalized over the entire molecule for NDTI-B2Az or only localized at the two terminal azulene units for NDTI-B6Az, implying great potential for p-type transport behavior for the former and a disadvantage of hole carrier transport for the latter. Under ambient conditions, solution-processed bottom-gate top-contact transistors based on NDTI-B2Az showed ambipolar field-effect transistor (FET) characteristics with high electron and hole mobilities of 0.32 (effective electron mobility ≈0.14 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 43%) and 0.03 cm2 V-1 s-1 (effective hole mobility ≈0.01 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 33%), respectively, whereas a typically unipolar n-channel behavior is found for a film of NDTI-B6Az with a high electron mobility up to 0.13 cm2 V-1 s-1 (effective electron mobility ≈0.06 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 43%). The results indicate that the polarity change of organic FETs based on the two isomeric triads could be controlled by the molecular orbital distributions through the connection position between the azulene unit and NDTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Xuewei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Fuli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Ruijun Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Zheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Jian-Yong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
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Narita M, Teraoka T, Murafuji T, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Mori S, Uno H, Kanegawa S, Sato O, Goto K, Tani F. An Azulene-Based Chiral Helicene and Its Air-Stable Cation Radical. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Narita
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takaaki Teraoka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Murafuji
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kenta Goto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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12
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Shoji T, Miura K, Ohta A, Sekiguchi R, Ito S, Endo Y, Nagahata T, Mori S, Okujima T. Synthesis of azuleno[2,1-b]thiophenes by cycloaddition of azulenylalkynes with elemental sulfur and their structural, optical and electrochemical properties. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00593e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of several azulenylalkynes having an aryl substituent with elemental sulfur afforded the corresponding azuleno[2,1-b]thiophenes in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Shoji
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Matsumoto
- Japan
| | - Kota Miura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Matsumoto
- Japan
| | - Akira Ohta
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Matsumoto
- Japan
| | - Ryuta Sekiguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Matsumoto
- Japan
| | - Shunji Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8561
- Japan
| | - Yuya Endo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8561
- Japan
| | - Tatsuki Nagahata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8561
- Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
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