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García-Domínguez P, Lorenzo P, Álvarez R, de Lera AR. Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of (-)-Novofumigatamide, Isomers Thereof, and Analogues. Part I. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12510-12527. [PMID: 36137268 PMCID: PMC9552234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The total synthesis of the suggested structure of (−)-novofumigatamide,
a natural product containing a C3-reverse prenylated N-acetyl-exo-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole motif fused to a 10-membered ring lactam, was achieved using
the macrolactam formation in advance of a diastereoselective bromocyclization
and reverse prenylation steps. Since the NMR data of the synthetic
sample did not match those of the natural product, the endo-bromo precursor of a N-Boc analogue and additional
diastereomers derived from l-Trp were also synthesized. Five
alternative synthetic routes, which differed in the order of final
key steps used for the construction of the 10-membered ring lactam
and the hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole framework within
the polycyclic skeleton and also in the amide bond selected for the
ring-closing of the macrolactam, were thoroughly explored. Much to
our dismay, the lack of spectroscopic correlations between the proposed
structure of natural (−)-novofumigatamide and the synthetic
products suggested a different connectivity between the atoms. Additional
synthetic efforts to assemble alternative structures of the natural
product and isomers thereof (see accompanying paper; DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01228) further highlighted the frustrating endeavors toward the identification
of a natural product.
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Vu LP, Gütschow M. Diketomorpholines: Synthetic Accessibility and Utilization. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48-54. [PMID: 35036677 PMCID: PMC8756451 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diketomorpholines (DKMs; morpholine-2,5-diones) possess a six-membered ring with a lactone and lactam moiety and belong to the family of cyclodepsipeptides. In this review, the synthetic accessibility of DKMs is summarized and their utilization, in particular, for ring-opening polymerization reactions, is highlighted. The occurrence of the DKM scaffold in natural products encompasses small monocyclic compounds but also complex, polycyclic representatives with a fused DKM ring.
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Al Subeh ZY, Raja HA, Burdette JE, Falkinham JO, Hemby SE, Oberlies NH. Three diketomorpholines from a Penicillium sp. (strain G1071). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 189:112830. [PMID: 34157637 PMCID: PMC8292221 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed diketomorpholine natural products, along with the known phenalenones, herqueinone and norherqueinone, were isolated from the mycoparasitic fungal strain G1071, which was identified as a Penicillium sp. in the section Sclerotiora. The structures were established by analyzing NMR data and mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns. The absolute configurations of deacetyl-javanicunine A, javanicunine C, and javanicunine D, were assigned by examining ECD spectra and Marfey's analysis. The structural diversity generated by this fungal strain was interesting, as only a few diketomorpholines (~17) have been reported from nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph O Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Scott E Hemby
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, NC, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States.
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Wang W, Song JR, Li ZY, Zhong T, Chi Q, Ren H, Pan WD. Copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative radical alkoxycyclization of tryptamines to access 3-alkoxypyrroloindolines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18080-18083. [PMID: 35480191 PMCID: PMC9033248 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02679h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a copper-catalyzed alkoxycyclization of tryptamine derivatives with O2 as the sole oxidant, leading to a variety of C3a-alkoxypyrroloindolines in good yields with high diastereoselectivities. This reaction involves an interesting double catalytic cycle in which copper-catalyzed carboamination cyclization is favored to form the C-3 radical pyrrolidinoindoline intermediate, then a copper-catalytic radical alkoxylation reaction proceeds smoothly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University Huaxi Avenue South Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Rong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550014 China
| | - Zhi-Yao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University Huaxi Avenue South Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550014 China
| | - Qin Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550014 China
| | - Hai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550014 China
| | - Wei-Dong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University Huaxi Avenue South Guiyang 550025 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550014 China
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Li Y, Guo J, Lu X, Zhong F. One-step assembly of alkoxypyrroloindolines via iodine-catalyzed alkoxycyclization of indole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 18:32-35. [PMID: 31761916 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02287b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report an iodine-catalyzed alkoxycyclization of tryptamine derivatives under mild reaction conditions. This method distinguished itself by providing a catalytic, one-step assembly of diversely functionalized C3a-alkoxypyrroloindolines as well as dihydrofuran and lactone fused indolines. Mechanistic studies suggest that an ionic pathway is operative and this probably accounts for the diastereospecificity of all isolated cycloadducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Pryyma A, Bu YJ, Wai Y, Patrick BO, Perrin DM. Synthesis and Activation of Bench-Stable 3a-Fluoropyrroloindolines as Latent Electrophiles for the Synthesis of C-2-Thiol-Substituted Tryptophans and C-3a-Substituted Pyrroloindolines. Org Lett 2019; 21:8234-8238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alla Pryyma
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Yong Jia Bu
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Yonnie Wai
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
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Liu ZJ, Huang PQ. Biomimetic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Robustanoids A and B and Analogues. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5627-5634. [PMID: 30957497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a step-economical, enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-robustanoid B and (-)-robustanoid A and four novel natural product-like compounds. Our strategy relied on our biosynthetic hypothesis and on a novel complexity generation methodology, namely, the one-pot hydroxylative double cyclization reaction. The latter consists of a modified 3,3-dimethyldioxirane-triggered epoxidation-epoxide-ring-opening cyclization reaction cascade and Trost's regioselectivity umpolung methodology ("anti-Michael addition").
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Jiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , P. R. China
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