1
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Oshchepkov AS. Buckybowl Molecular Tweezers for Recognition of Fullerenes. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400435. [PMID: 38775747 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Buckybowl tweezers are a relatively young research area closely associated with the development of non-planar polycyclic aromatic systems and supramolecular chemistry. Since the appearance of the first prototypes in the early 2000s, the tweezers have undergone evolutionary changes. Nowadays they are able to effectively interact with fullerenes and the results opened up prospects for development in the field of sensing, nonlinear optics, and molecular switchers. In the present study, examples of corannulene-based and other buckybowl tweezers for the recognition of C60 and C70 fullerenes were summarized and analyzed. The main structural components of the tweezers were also reviewed in detail and their role in the formation of complexes with fullerenes was evaluated. The revealed structural patterns should trigger the development of novel recognition systems and materials with a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Oshchepkov
- Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
- Department of Physics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Chang X, Xu Y, von Delius M. Recent advances in supramolecular fullerene chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:47-83. [PMID: 37853792 PMCID: PMC10759306 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00937d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene chemistry has come a long way since 1990, when the first bulk production of C60 was reported. In the past decade, progress in supramolecular chemistry has opened some remarkable and previously unexpected opportunities regarding the selective (multiple) functionalization of fullerenes and their (self)assembly into larger structures and frameworks. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of these recent developments. We describe how macrocycles and cages that bind strongly to C60 can be used to block undesired addition patterns and thus allow the selective preparation of single-isomer addition products. We also discuss how the emergence of highly shape-persistent macrocycles has opened opportunities for the study of photoactive fullerene dyads and triads as well as the preparation of mechanically interlocked compounds. The preparation of two- or three-dimensional fullerene materials is another research area that has seen remarkable progress over the past few years. Due to the rapidly decreasing price of C60 and C70, we believe that these achievements will translate into all fields where fullerenes have traditionally (third-generation solar cells) and more recently been applied (catalysis, spintronics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
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3
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Comparative DFT-D3 assessment of fluorogenic supramolecular interaction of naphthalene moiety location on new dibenzodiaza-crown ether macrocycles with C60. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Sacristán-Martín A, Miguel D, Diez-Varga A, Barbero H, Álvarez CM. From Induced-Fit Assemblies to Ternary Inclusion Complexes with Fullerenes in Corannulene-Based Molecular Tweezers. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16691-16706. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sacristán-Martín
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E47011, Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E47011, Spain
| | - Alberto Diez-Varga
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E47011, Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E47011, Spain
| | - Celedonio M. Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E47011, Spain
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5
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Ovchenkova EN, Motorina EV, Bichan NG, Gostev FE, Lomova TN. Self-assembling cobalt(II) porphyrin - fullero[60]pyrrolidine triads. Synthesis and spectral properties in the ground and excited state. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Ansari M, Mallik S, Jana A, Nayak A, Das N. Photoresponsive polymers with dangling triptycene units as efficient receptor for
fullerene‐C
60
. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mosim Ansari
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India
| | - Samapika Mallik
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India
| | - Achintya Jana
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India
| | - Alpana Nayak
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India
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7
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Sacristán-Martín A, Barbero H, Ferrero S, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. ON/OFF metal-triggered molecular tweezers for fullerene recognition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11013-11016. [PMID: 34570131 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03451k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report molecular tweezers for fullerene recognition based on 2,2'-bipyridine-bearing corannulene motifs. The syn or anti confirmation can be selected simply by Cu(I) coordination/decoordination, thus controlling the fullerene recognition capability of the system on demand and leading to the formation of effective metal-triggered ON/OFF molecular tweezers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sacristán-Martín
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
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8
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Jain K, Duvva N, Roy TK, Giribabu L, Chitta R. Porphyrin bearing phenothiazine pincers as hosts for fullerene binding via concave–convex complementarity: synthesis and complexation study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free base porphyrin hosts, m-(PTZ)4-H2P and p-(PTZ)4-H2P, tethered with four phenothiazine moieties at the meso-position via a flexible ethoxy phenyl linker were synthesized and used for the selective complexation of fullerenes, C60 and C70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Tehsil: Kishanhgarh, Dist, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Naresh Duvva
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Tapta Kanchan Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Dist, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir 181143, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghazianbad 201002, India
| | - Raghu Chitta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Tehsil: Kishanhgarh, Dist, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, Dist, Hanamkonda, Telangana 506004, India
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9
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Nayak S, Ray A, Bhattacharya S. Size selective supramolecular interaction upon molecular complexation of a designed porphyrin with C60 and C70 in solution. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Liu SY, Wang XR, Li MP, Xu WR, Kuck D. Water-soluble host-guest complexes between fullerenes and a sugar-functionalized tribenzotriquinacene assembling to microspheres. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2551-2561. [PMID: 33133287 PMCID: PMC7590625 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A sugar-functionalized water-soluble tribenzotriquinacene derivative bearing six glucose residues, TBTQ-(OG) 6 , was synthesized and its interaction with C60 and C70-fullerene in co-organic solvents and aqueous solution was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The association stoichiometry of the complexes TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C60 and TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C70 was found to be 1:1 with binding constants of K a = (1.50 ± 0.10) × 105 M-1 and K a = (2.20 ± 0.16) × 105 M-1, respectively. The binding affinity between TBTQ-(OG) 6 and C60 was further verified by Raman spectroscopy. The geometry of the complex of TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C60 deduced from DFT calculations indicates that the driving force of the complexation is mainly due to the hydrophobic effect and to host-guest π-π interactions. Hydrophobic surface simulations showed that TBTQ-(OG) 6 and C60 forms an amphiphilic supramolecular host-guest complex, which further assembles to microspheres with diameters of 0.3-3.5 μm, as determined by scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xin-Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Man-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wen-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Dietmar Kuck
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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11
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Ferrero S, Barbero H, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. Porphyrin-based systems containing polyaromatic fragments: decoupling the synergistic effects in aromatic-porphyrin-fullerene systems. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36164-36173. [PMID: 35517082 PMCID: PMC9056955 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report a two-step synthesis that allows the introduction of four pyrene or corannulene fragments at the para position of meso-tetraarylporphyrins using a microwave-assisted quadruple Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. Placing the PAHs at this position, further from the porphyrin core, avoids the participation of the porphyrin core in binding with fullerenes. The fullerene hosting ability of the four new molecular receptors was investigated by NMR titrations and DFT studies. Despite having two potential binding sites, the pyrene derivatives did not associate with C60 or C70. In contrast, the tetracorannulene derivatives bound C60 and C70, although with modest binding constants. In these novel para-substituted systems, the porphyrin core acts as a simple linker that does not participate in the binding process, which allows the system to be considered as two independent molecular tweezers; i.e., the first binding event is not transmitted to the second binding site. This behavior can be considered a direct consequence of the decoupling of the porphyrin core from the binding event. Designed molecule for decoupling the synergistic supramolecular effects in aromatic-porphyrin-fullerene host–guest systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
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12
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Ferrero S, Barbero H, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. Octapodal Corannulene Porphyrin-Based Assemblies: Allosteric Behavior in Fullerene Hosting. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4918-4926. [PMID: 32153183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An octapodal corannulene-based supramolecular system has been prepared by introducing eight corannulene moieties in a porphyrin scaffold. Despite the potential of this double picket fence porphyrin for double-tweezer behavior, NMR titrations show exclusive formation of 1:1 adducts. The system exhibits very strong affinity for C60 and C70 (K1 = (2.71 ± 0.08) × 104 and (2.13 ± 0.1) × 105 M-1, respectively), presenting selectivity for the latter. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that, in addition to the four corannulene units, the relatively flexible porphyrin tether actively participates in the recognition process, resulting in a strong synergistic effect. This leads to a very strong interaction with C60, which in turn also induces a large structural change on the other face (second potential binding site), leading to a negative allosteric effect. We also introduced Zn2+ in the porphyrin core in an attempt to modulate its flexibility. The resulting metalloporphyrin also displayed single-tweezer behavior, albeit with slightly smaller binding constants for C60 and C70, suggesting that the effect of the coordination of fullerene to one face of our supramolecular platform was still transmitted to the other face, leading to the deactivation of the second potential binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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13
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Barendt TA, Ball ML, Xu Q, Zhang B, Fowler B, Schattman A, Ritter VC, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C. Supramolecular Assemblies for Electronic Materials. Chemistry 2020; 26:3744-3748. [PMID: 32031717 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a synergy between organic electronics and supramolecular chemistry, in which a host-guest complex is designed to function as an efficacious electronic material. Specifically, the noncovalent recognition of a fullerene, phenyl-C61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PC61 BM), by an alternating perylene diimide (P)-bithiophene (B) conjugated macrocycle (PBPB) results in a greater than five-fold enhancement in electron mobility, relative to the macrocycle alone. Characterization and quantification of the binding of fullerenes by host PBPB is provided alongside evidence for intermolecular electronic communication within the host-guest complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Barendt
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Melissa L Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Qizhi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA.,The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P. R. China
| | - Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Brandon Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Ayden Schattman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | | | | | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
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14
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Costa JIT, Farinha ASF, Paz FAA, Tomé AC. A Convenient Synthesis of Pentaporphyrins and Supramolecular Complexes with a Fulleropyrrolidine. Molecules 2019; 24:E3177. [PMID: 31480572 PMCID: PMC6749455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and straightforward synthesis of diporphyrins and pentaporphyrins is reported here. The supramolecular interactions of the new porphyrin derivatives with C60 and PyC60 (a pyridyl [60]fulleropyrrolidine) were evaluated by absorption and fluorescence titrations in toluene. While no measurable modifications of the absorption and fluorescence spectra were observed upon addition of C60 to the porphyrin derivatives, the addition of PyC60 to the corresponding mono-Zn(II) porphyrins resulted in the formation of Zn(porphyrin)-PyC60 coordination complexes and the binding constants were calculated. Results show that the four free-base porphyrin units in pentaporphyrin 6 have a significant contribution in the stabilization of the 6-PyC60 complex. The crystal and molecular features of the pentaporphyrin Zn5 were unveiled using single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana I T Costa
- QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia S F Farinha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Filipe A Almeida Paz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Augusto C Tomé
- QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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