1
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Zubkov MO, Dilman AD. Radical reactions enabled by polyfluoroaryl fragments: photocatalysis and beyond. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4741-4785. [PMID: 38536104 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00889d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Polyfluoroarenes have been known for a long time, but they are most often used as fluorinated building blocks for the synthesis of aromatic compounds. At the same time, due to peculiar fluorine effect, they have unique properties that provide applications in various fields ranging from synthesis to materials science. This review summarizes advances in the radical chemistry of polyfluoroarenes, which have become possible mainly with the advent of photocatalysis. Transformations of the fluorinated ring via the C-F bond activation, as well as use of fluoroaryl fragments as activating groups and hydrogen atom transfer agents are discussed. The ability of fluoroarenes to serve as catalysts is also considred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail O Zubkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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2
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Pan QJ, Miao YQ, Cao HJ, Liu Z, Chen X. Visible Light-Induced 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane-Mediated Defluoroborylation of Polyfluoroarenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5049-5059. [PMID: 38491018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
A green and practical protocol of defluoroborylation of polyfluoroarenes with stable and readily accessible NHC-borane was developed, using 1,2-diphenyldisulfane as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer (SET) reagent precursor under visible-light irradiation, leading to the concise formation of value-added fluorinated organoboron scaffolds. Mechanism studies revealed the method underwent a boryl radical addition reaction with polyfluoroarene, followed by successive single electron transfer pathways and defluorination of the C-F bond to offer the targeted product. This unprecedented platform relies on 1,2-diphenyldisulfane and base without using expensive photocatalysts, highlighting the methodology has promising application value to prepare borylated polyfluoroarene compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Jing Pan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yu-Qi Miao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hou-Ji Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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3
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Lee J, Song WJ. Photocatalytic C-O Coupling Enzymes That Operate via Intramolecular Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5211-5221. [PMID: 36825656 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and environmentally friendly conversion of light energy for direct utilization in chemical production has been a long-standing goal in enzyme design. Herein, we synthesized artificial photocatalytic enzymes by introducing an Ir photocatalyst and a Ni(bpy) complex to an optimal protein scaffold in close proximity. Consequently, the enzyme generated C-O coupling products with up to 96% yields by harvesting visible light and performing intramolecular electron transfer between the two catalysts. We systematically modulated the catalytic activities of the artificial photocatalytic cross-coupling enzymes by tuning the electrochemical properties of the catalytic components, their positions, and distances within a protein. As a result, we discovered the best-performing mutant that showed broad substrate scopes under optimized conditions. This work explicitly demonstrated that we could integrate and control both the inorganic and biochemical components of photocatalytic biocatalysis to achieve high yield and selectivity in valuable chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Ju Song
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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4
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Matsuo B, Majhi J, Granados A, Sharique M, Martin RT, Gutierrez O, Molander GA. Transition metal-free photochemical C-F activation for the preparation of difluorinated-oxindole derivatives. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2379-2385. [PMID: 36873833 PMCID: PMC9977406 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of strategies for single and selective C-F bond activation represents an important avenue to overcome limitations in the synthesis of valuable fluorine-containing compounds. The synthetic and medicinal research communities would benefit from new routes that access such relevant molecules in a simple manner. Herein we disclose a straightforward and mechanistically distinct pathway to generate gem-difluoromethyl radicals and their installation onto N-arylmethacrylamides for the preparation of valuable difluorinated oxindole derivatives. To achieve operational simplicity, the use of a readily available benzenethiol as a photocatalyst under open-to-air conditions was developed, demonstrating the facile multigram preparation of the targeted fluorinated molecules. Additionally, dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) and empirical investigations provide a new basis to support the proposed reaction pathway, indicating that arene thiolate is an efficient organophotocatalyst for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Matsuo
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Jadab Majhi
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Albert Granados
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Robert T Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Osvaldo Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive College Park Maryland 20742 USA.,Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Gary A Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
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5
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Bo ZY, Yan SS, Gao TY, Song L, Ran CK, He Y, Zhang W, Cao GM, Yu DG. Visible-light photoredox-catalyzed selective carboxylation of C(sp2)−F bonds in polyfluoroarenes with CO2. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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6
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Abstract
The fields of C-H functionalization and photoredox catalysis have garnered enormous interest and utility in the past several decades. Many different scientific disciplines have relied on C-H functionalization and photoredox strategies including natural product synthesis, drug discovery, radiolabeling, bioconjugation, materials, and fine chemical synthesis. In this Review, we highlight the use of photoredox catalysis in C-H functionalization reactions. We separate the review into inorganic/organometallic photoredox catalysts and organic-based photoredox catalytic systems. Further subdivision by reaction class─either sp2 or sp3 C-H functionalization─lends perspective and tactical strategies for use of these methods in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Holmberg-Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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7
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Wang Z, Sun Y, Shen LY, Yang WC, Meng F, Li P. Photochemical and electrochemical strategies in C–F bond activation and functionalization. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01512e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances in photochemical or electrochemical C–F bond activation and functionalization have been summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghong Wang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Liu-Yu Shen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Fei Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. of China
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8
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Zhang J, Zhao X, Yang JD, Cheng JP. Diazaphospholene-Catalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Polyfluoroarenes with Phenylsilane via Concerted Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. J Org Chem 2021; 87:294-300. [PMID: 34933552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The metal-free catalytic C-F bond activation of polyfluoroarenes was achieved with diazaphospholene as the catalyst and phenylsilane as the terminal reductant. Density functional theory calculations suggested a concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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9
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Zhou L. Recent Advances in C-F Bond Cleavage Enabled by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26227051. [PMID: 34834143 PMCID: PMC8621615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation of new bonds via C-F bond cleavage of readily available per- or oligofluorinated compounds has received growing interest. Using such a strategy, a myriad of valuable partially fluorinated products can be prepared, which otherwise are difficult to make by the conventional C-F bond formation methods. Visible light photoredox catalysis has been proven as an important and powerful tool for defluorinative reactions due to its mild, easy to handle, and environmentally benign characteristics. Compared to the classical C-F activation that proceeds via two-electron processes, radicals are the key intermediates using visible light photoredox catalysis, providing new modes for the cleavage of C-F bonds. In this review, a summary of the visible light-promoted C-F bond cleavage since 2018 was presented. The contents were classified by the fluorosubstrates, including polyfluorinated arenes, gem-difluoroalkenes, trifluoromethyl arenes, and trifluoromethyl alkenes. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of the mechanisms and limitations of these reactions. Finally, my personal perspective on the future development of this rapidly emerging field was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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10
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Wang J, Gao H, Shi C, Chen G, Tan X, Chen X, Xu L, Cai X, Huang B, Li H. Recent advances in radical-based C-F bond activation of polyfluoroarenes and gem-difluoroalkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12203-12217. [PMID: 34714301 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04189d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The direct employment of polyfluoroarenes and gem-difluoroalkenes as building blocks is regarded as one of the most effective and straightforward strategies for the introduction of fluorine-containing moieties into organic skeletons. Accordingly, radical chemistry has gradually become a mild and powerful method for the activation of their C-F bonds. The radical-based transformations of polyfluoroarenes and gem-difluoroalkenes can be primarily categorized into three types based on the specific intermediates involved: (1) multifluoroaryl radical anions, (2) monofluoroalkenyl radicals and (3) other radicals. Compared with the more established multifluoroaryl radical anion pathway, the monofluoroalkenyl radical-involved cross-coupling reaction can proceed through C-radical cross-coupling, radical addition/elimination or the hydrogen atom transfer process. For the presented examples in this review, the typical reaction modes, substrate scope, radical-involved mechanisms, and late-stage applications in the modification of bioactive molecules are discussed, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances of the radical-based transformations of polyfluoroarenes and gem-difluoroalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Han Gao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chengcheng Shi
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guiling Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Xia Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Xiaodong Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
| | - Binbin Huang
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Hongqing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550000, China.
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11
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Xu W, Zhang Q, Shao Q, Xia C, Wu M. Photocatalytic C−F Bond Activation of Fluoroarenes,
gem
‐Difluoroalkenes and Trifluoromethylarenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Xu
- College of New Energy China University of Petroleum China East 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (China East) 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Qi Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (China East) 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Congjian Xia
- College of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (China East) 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Mingbo Wu
- College of New Energy China University of Petroleum China East 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (China East) 266580 Qingdao P. R. China
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12
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Xiao W, Wang X, Liu R, Wu J. Quinuclidine and its derivatives as hydrogen-atom-transfer catalysts in photoinduced reactions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Llobat A, Escorihuela J, Fustero S, Medio-Simón M. Diastereoselectivity of the Addition of Propargylic Magnesium Reagents to Fluorinated Aromatic Sulfinyl Imines. Org Lett 2021; 23:3691-3695. [PMID: 33881896 PMCID: PMC9490847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
addition of propargylmagnesium bromide to fluorinated aromatic
sulfinyl imines gave homopropargyl amines with total regio- and diastereoselection.
Complete reversal of diastereoselectivity can be achieved in some
cases using coordinating (THF) or noncoordinating (DCM) solvents.
Substituted propargylic magnesium reagents have been also tested toward
fluorinated aryl sulfinyl imines affording chiral homoallenyl amines
with good yields and selectivity control. DFT calculations helped
to rationalize the origin of the experimental regio- and diastereoselectivities
observed in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Llobat
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Mercedes Medio-Simón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
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14
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Erdoğan M, Taslimi P, Tuzun B. Synthesis and docking calculations of tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives and their inhibition profiles against some metabolic enzymes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000409. [PMID: 33666284 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of tetrahydroepoxy, O-allylic, O-prenylic, and O-propargylic tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives, starting from 1-bromo-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene, are reported here for the first time. The O-substituted tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives were designed and also synthesized via a one-pot nucleophilic substitution reaction in excellent yields, whereas the tetrafluorotetrahydroepoxynaphthalene derivate was synthesized via a reduction reaction in excellent yield. The chemical structures of all the synthesized molecules were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques. In this study, a series of novel tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives (2, 2a, 4-6) was tested toward several enzymes including α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I/II). The tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives 2, 2a, and 4-6 showed IC50 and Ki values in the range of 0.83-1.27 and 0.71-1.09 nM against hCA I, 1.26-1.85 and 1.45-5.31 nM against hCA II, 39.02-56.01 and 20.53-56.76 nM against AChE, and 15.27-34.12 and 22.58-30.45 nM against α-glucosidase, respectively. Molecular docking calculations were made to determine the biological activity values of the tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives against the enzymes. After the calculations, ADME/T analysis was performed to examine the effects on human metabolism. Finally, these compounds had antidiabetic and anticholinesterase potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Erdoğan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Burak Tuzun
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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15
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Erdoğan M, Özkınalı S, Mert H. A novel fluorinated monomer: Synthesis, characterization and ATRP of 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoronaphthalen-1-yl acrylate. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Yin Y, Zhao X, Jiang Z. Advances in the Synthesis of Imine‐Containing Azaarene Derivatives via Photoredox Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yin
- College of Bioengineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy Henan University Kaifeng Henan 475004 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China
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17
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Inoa J, Patel M, Dominici G, Eldabagh R, Patel A, Lee J, Xing Y. Benzylic Hydroperoxidation via Visible-Light-Induced Csp 3-H Activation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6181-6187. [PMID: 32242417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient benzylic hydroperoxidation has been realized through a visible-light-induced Csp3-H activation. We believe that this reaction undergoes a direct HAT mechanism catalyzed by eosin Y. This approach features the use of a metal-free catalyst (eosin Y), an energy-economical light source (blue LED), and a sustainable oxidant (molecular oxygen). Primary, secondary, and tertiary hydroperoxides as well as silyl, benzyl, and acyl peroxides were successfully prepared with good yields and excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Inoa
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Grecia Dominici
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Reem Eldabagh
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Anjali Patel
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - John Lee
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Yalan Xing
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
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