1
|
Tiefenbrunner I, Brutiu BR, Stopka T, Maulide N. Isothiouronium-Mediated Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Cyanomethyl Thioesters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3941-3944. [PMID: 36853206 PMCID: PMC10028607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of an isothiouronium salt as a reagent for the operationally simple synthesis of cyanomethyl thioesters with high functional group tolerance and avoiding the use of thiols. Additionally, we show that the products can be engaged in amide synthesis in either a two-step or one-pot fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bogdan R Brutiu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Tobias Stopka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bitai J, Nimmo AJ, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Cooperative Palladium/Isothiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes and α,β-Unsaturated Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202621. [PMID: 35389553 PMCID: PMC9324207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A protocol for the enantioselective synthesis of substituted vinylcyclopentanes has been realised using cooperative palladium and isothiourea catalysis. Treatment of vinylcyclopropanes with Pd(PPh3 )4 generates a zwitterionic π-allyl palladium intermediate that intercepts a catalytically generated α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium species prepared from the corresponding α,β-unsaturated para-nitrophenyl ester and the isothiourea (R)-BTM. Intermolecular formal (3+2) cycloaddition between these reactive intermediates generates functionalised cyclopentanes in generally good yields and excellent diastereo- and enantiocontrol (up to >95 : 5 dr, 97 : 3 er), with the use of LiCl as an additive proving essential for optimal stereocontrol. To the best of our knowledge a dual transition metal/organocatalytic process involving α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates has not been demonstrated previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bitai
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alastair J Nimmo
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huo YW, Qi X, Wu XF. Nickel-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Thioesters from Vinyl Triflates and Arylsulfonyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2022; 24:4009-4013. [PMID: 35613710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and efficient synthesis of α,β-unsaturated thioesters has been developed via a nickel-catalyzed thiocarbonylation reaction of vinyl triflates with arylsulfonyl chlorides. With Mo(CO)6 as both CO source and reductant, a variety of α,β-unsaturated thioesters were obtained in moderate to good yields with very good functional group compatibility. It is noteworthy that the present method is the first example on nickel-catalyzed carbonylative synthesis of α,β-unsaturated thioesters by using arylsulfonyl chlorides as the coupling partner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Wang Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bitai J, Nimmo AJ, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Cooperative Palladium/Isothiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes and a,b‐Unsaturated Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew David Smith
- University of St Andrews School of Chemistry North Haugh FIFE, KY10 3TH St. Andrews UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bitai J, Westwood MT, Smith AD. α,β-Unsaturated acyl ammonium species as reactive intermediates in organocatalysis: an update. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2366-2384. [PMID: 33650626 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02208j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
α,β-Unsaturated acyl ammonium species are versatile intermediates that have been applied in a variety of transformations including Michael additions, domino reactions and cycloadditions. Many of these transformations are promoted by chiral Lewis base catalysts, enabling the rapid generation of molecular complexity with high stereochemical control. This review highlights recent developments in the generation and application of α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates reported since a previous review of this area in 2016. Particular emphasis will be placed on reports providing mechanistic insight into catalytic transformations and observed selectivities. A perspective on current challenges and potential future developments in the field of α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium catalysis is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bitai
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Ahlemeyer NA, Straub MR, Leace DM, Matz BA, Birman VB. Cascade Cyclizations of α,β-Unsaturated Thioesters: Additional Examples. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1191-1197. [PMID: 33307686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several additional examples of cascade cyclizations of α,β-unsaturated thioesters proceeding are reported, which proceed via two distinct mechanistic pathways: enantioselective acyl transfer promoted by amidine-based catalysts (ABCs) and a racemic chain mechanism mediated by a thiolate nucleophile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Ahlemeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Matthew R Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - David M Leace
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Benjamin A Matz
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Vladimir B Birman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang HQ, Xi JM, Liao WW. Organocatalytic Isomerization/Allylic Alkylation of O-Acylated Hemithioacetals and Their Application in Tandem Sequence to Access 2,7-Dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1168-1180. [PMID: 31878775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel protocol for the efficient preparation of α-hydroxy allylic thioesters via a Lewis base-catalyzed tandem isomerization/allylic alkylation process is reported. The resulting allylic thioesters can serve as valuable scaffolds to undergo a stereoselective intramolecular cyclization to deliver 2,7-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one derivatives in a catalytically atom-economic fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Qing Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Ji-Ming Xi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Wei-Wei Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
| |
Collapse
|