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Docherty JH, Lister TM, Mcarthur G, Findlay MT, Domingo-Legarda P, Kenyon J, Choudhary S, Larrosa I. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation for the Formation of C-C Bonds in Complex Molecules. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37163671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Site-predictable and chemoselective C-H bond functionalization reactions offer synthetically powerful strategies for the step-economic diversification of both feedstock and fine chemicals. Many transition-metal-catalyzed methods have emerged for the selective activation and functionalization of C-H bonds. However, challenges of regio- and chemoselectivity have emerged with application to highly complex molecules bearing significant functional group density and diversity. As molecular complexity increases within molecular structures the risks of catalyst intolerance and limited applicability grow with the number of functional groups and potentially Lewis basic heteroatoms. Given the abundance of C-H bonds within highly complex and already diversified molecules such as pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials, design and selection of reaction conditions and tolerant catalysts has proved critical for successful direct functionalization. As such, innovations within transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization for the direct formation of carbon-carbon bonds have been discovered and developed to overcome these challenges and limitations. This review highlights progress made for the direct metal-catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions including alkylation, methylation, arylation, and olefination of C-H bonds within complex targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie H Docherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Lister
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Mcarthur
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Findlay
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Domingo-Legarda
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Kenyon
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Shweta Choudhary
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Zadeh MMA, Rostami E, Farhadi A. An Extremely Productive and Sustainable Procedure for the Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Imidazoles Using Graphene Oxide-Substituted Sulfoacetic Acid Amide. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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John SE, Bora D, Shankaraiah N. Ru(II)-Catalyzed regioselective carbene insertion into β-carbolines and isoquinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5852-5860. [PMID: 35848450 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00946c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A protocol for carbene insertion into the inert C(sp2)-H bond has been established wherein β-carbolines and isoquinolines are explored as intrinsic directing groups. The Ru(II)-catalyzed strategy employing sulfoxonium ylides as the carbene precursor offers an effective and atom-economical functionalization of substrates of biological interest with only DMSO as the sole by-product. The strategy is scalable to gram scale, and it also showcases a wide range of functional group tolerance. ESI-MS studies assisted in the identification of intermediates and consolidation of a probable mechanistic pathway. Furthermore, investigations revealed that the functionalized molecules not only displayed selective inhibition against cancer cell lines, but also demonstrated promising photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephy Elza John
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
| | - Darshana Bora
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Zozik Y, Sevim M, Lafzi F, Kilic H, Metin Ö. Magnetically recoverable nickel-palladium alloy nanocatalysts for direct C-H arylation reactions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17515-17523. [PMID: 34762086 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02985a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst comprising nickel-palladium (NiPd) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) NPs was fabricated for the direct C-H arylation of imidazopyridine, imidazole, indolizine and furan with aryl halides. To prepare the presented catalyst, rGO nanosheets were first modified with as-synthesized CoFe2O4 NPs and then the obtained CoFe2O4-rGO nanocomposites served as a support material for the synthesis of bimetallic NiPd alloy NPs at various compositions. The obtained CoFe2O4-rGO/NiPd nanocatalysts were characterized by many advanced analytical techniques including TEM, STEM-EDS, XRD, XPS, and ICP-MS. Next, to optimize the reaction conditions, CoFe2O4-rGO/NiPd nanocatalysts with different alloy compositions and their monometallic counterparts (CoFe2O4-rGO/Ni and CoFe2O4-rGO/Pd) were initially tested in the direct C-H arylation of imidazopyridine with bromobenzene. Among all tested nanocatalysts under the optimum reaction conditions, CoFe2O4-rGO/Ni20Pd80 showed the best catalytic activity in terms of the isolated product yields. The C-H arylation reactions were studied over a broad substrate scope (35 examples from 36 substrates) and gave the related biaryl products in good to excellent yields. Besides a broad substrate scope, the late-stage C-H arylation of zolimidine, a gastroprotective drug, was realized under the optimized reaction conditions. Moreover, the CoFe2O4-rGO/Ni20Pd80 nanocatalysts were recovered from the reaction medium using a simple magnet and reused in the C-H arylation reactions up to five consecutive runs without a significant drop in the product yield. This study shows that magnetically recoverable Pd nanoalloys are promising heterogeneous catalysts to be used in sustainable C-H functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Zozik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Oltu Vocational Training School, 25400, Oltu, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melike Sevim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Lafzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Oltu Vocational Training School, 25400, Oltu, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Önder Metin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450, Sarıyer, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Shi X, Zhang J, Roisnel T, Soulé J, Doucet H. Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Diarylation of 2‐Benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazole: a Simple Access to 4‐Aryl‐ or 4,5‐Diaryl‐2‐benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and Phenanthro[9,10‐
d
][1,2,3]triazoles. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Shi
- ISCR-UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
| | - Jian Zhang
- ISCR-UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
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Ronzon Q, Zhang W, Casaretto N, Mouray E, Florent I, Nay B. Programmed Multiple C-H Bond Functionalization of the Privileged 4-hydroxyquinoline Template. Chemistry 2021; 27:7764-7772. [PMID: 33848033 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of substituents on bare heterocyclic scaffolds can selectively be achieved by directed C-H functionalization. However, such methods have only occasionally been used, in an iterative manner, to decorate various positions of a medicinal scaffold to build chemical libraries. We herein report the multiple, site selective, metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization of a "programmed" 4-hydroxyquinoline. This medicinally privileged template indeed possesses multiple reactive sites for diversity-oriented functionalization, of which four were targeted. The C-2 and C-8 decorations were directed by an N-oxide, before taking benefit of an O-carbamoyl protection at C-4 to perform a Fries rearrangement and install a carboxamide at C-3. This also released the carbonyl group of 4-quinolones, the ultimate directing group to functionalize position 5. Our study highlights the power of multiple C-H functionalization to generate diversity in a biologically relevant library, after showing its strong antimalarial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Ronzon
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Wei Zhang
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Casaretto
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Elisabeth Mouray
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR7245) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, CP 52, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR7245) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, CP 52, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bastien Nay
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
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Huang H, Li H, Cordier M, Soulé J, Doucet H. Pd‐Catalyzed Direct Arylations of Heteroarenes with Polyfluoroalkoxy‐Substituted Bromobenzenes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haoran Li
- CNRS, ISCR‐UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
| | | | | | - Henri Doucet
- CNRS, ISCR‐UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
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Benhalouche ME, Li H, Miloudi A, Benzai A, Cordier M, Soulé JF, Doucet H. Regiodivergent Late-Stage Pd- or Ru-Catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalization Applied to the Straightforward Synthesis of N
-Methylated Diflufenican Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elhadi Benhalouche
- Laboratoire de chimie fine; Département de chimie, Faculté des sciences exactes et appliquées; Université Oran 1; BP1524, El Mnaouer 31100 Oran Algeria
- CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226; Univ. Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Haoran Li
- CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226; Univ. Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Abdellah Miloudi
- Laboratoire de chimie fine; Département de chimie, Faculté des sciences exactes et appliquées; Université Oran 1; BP1524, El Mnaouer 31100 Oran Algeria
| | - Amal Benzai
- CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226; Univ. Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (LPCM); UMMTO University; BP 17 RP 15000 Tizi-Ouzou Algeria
| | - Marie Cordier
- CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226; Univ. Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Henri Doucet
- CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226; Univ. Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
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Ellman JA, Ackermann L, Shi BF. The Breadth and Depth of C-H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2020; 84:12701-12704. [PMID: 31623443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut fuer Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
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