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Yang Z, Xu C, Zhou X, Cheong CB, Kee CW, Tan CH. A chiral pentanidium and pyridinyl-sulphonamide ion pair as an enantioselective organocatalyst for Steglich rearrangement. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13184-13190. [PMID: 38023527 PMCID: PMC10664489 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04397e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective ion pair catalysis has gained significant attention due to its ability to exert selectivity control in various reactions. Achiral counterions have been found to play crucial roles in modulating reactivity and selectivity. The modular nature of an ion pair catalyst allows rapid alterations of the achiral counterion to achieve optimal outcomes, without the need to modify the more onerous chiral component. In this study, we report the successful development of a stable chiral pentanidium pyridinyl-sulphonamide ion pair as a nucleophilic organocatalyst for asymmetric Steglich rearrangement. The ion pair catalyst demonstrated excellent performance, leading to enantioenriched products with up to 99% ee through simple alterations of the achiral anions. We conducted extensive ROESY experiments and concluded that the reactivity and enantioselectivity were correlated to the formation of a tight ion pair in solution. Further computational analyses provided greater clarity to the structure of the ion pair catalyst in solution. Our findings reveal the critical roles of NMR experiments and computational analyses in the design and optimisation of ion pair catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Republic of Singapore
| | - Chaoran Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Republic of Singapore
| | - Xianxian Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Republic of Singapore
| | - Choon Boon Cheong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Republic of Singapore
| | - Choon Wee Kee
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Republic of Singapore
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Republic of Singapore
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2
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Carvalho MHR, Ribeiro JPRS, De Castro PP, Passos STA, Neto BAD, Dos Santos HF, Amarante GW. Solvent Dependent Competitive Mechanisms for the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction: A Joint Theoretical and Experimental Study in the α-Acyl Aminocarboxamides vs α-Amino Amidines Formation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11007-11020. [PMID: 35926126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic protocol for the preparation of α-acyl aminocarboxamides and α-amino amidines is proposed. The selectivity toward each of these two possible products was tuned by simple modifications of the reaction conditions. A broad scope is presented, allowing access to the desired products in up to 87% (Ugi adduct) and 93% (α-amino amidine). Theoretical calculations were carried out, and the analysis led to the proposal of a new mechanistic pathway for the Ugi reaction, in which methanol acts not only as the solvent but also as a reagent. High-resolution (tandem) mass spectrometry experiments allowed the detection and characterization of the key intermediate associated with this new and alternative reaction pathway, thus supporting the theoretical proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H R Carvalho
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - João P R S Ribeiro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro P De Castro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Saulo T A Passos
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio F Dos Santos
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Giovanni W Amarante
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
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3
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Santos IA, de Castro PP, dos Santos HF, Amarante GW. Mechanism and Origin of Enantioselectivity in Bifunctional Squaramide‐Catalyzed α‐Thiolation of Azlactones. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giovanni Wilson Amarante
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of Chemistry Louren�o Kelmer, s/nS�o Pedro 36036-900 Juiz de Fora BRAZIL
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De Castro PP, Batista GMF, Amarante GW, Dos Santos HF. Origin of Enantioselectivity in Chiral Phosphoric-Acid-Catalyzed Azlactone Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13169-13174. [PMID: 34464119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical calculations, associated with control experiments, were carried out to gain insights into the mechanism and origin of enantioselectivity in the phosphoric-acid-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution of azlactones. The results revealed a Münchnone intermediate as the key species involved in the isomerization of azlactone rings. The developed model was successfully employed in the comprehension and prediction of enantioselectivity under diverse of reaction conditions, including alcoholysis and aminolysis protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P De Castro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, Campus Universitário São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M F Batista
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Giovanni W Amarante
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, Campus Universitário São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio F Dos Santos
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, Campus Universitário São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
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Oliveira GHC, Ramos LM, de Paiva RKC, Passos STA, Simões MM, Machado F, Correa JR, Neto BAD. Synthetic enzyme-catalyzed multicomponent reaction for Isoxazol-5(4 H)-one Syntheses, their properties and biological application; why should one study mechanisms? Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1514-1531. [PMID: 33332518 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the application of a synthetic enzyme (synzyme) as the catalyst to promote the multicomponent synthesis of isoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives. The catalytic system could be used up to 15 times without any notable loss of its activity. Some derivatives showed fluorescence and their photophysical data were evaluated. The mechanism of the reaction was, for the first time, investigated and, among the three reaction pathway possibilities, only one was operating under the developed conditions. ESI-MS(/MS) allowed for both the simultaneous monitoring of the multicomponent reaction (MCR) and the proposition of a kinetic model to explain the transformation. The kinetic model pointed firmly to only one reaction pathway and helped to discard the other two possibilities. The antimicrobial abilities of all synthesized derivatives against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains were also evaluated. The abilities of functional chromophores (fluorescent compounds) as live cell-imaging probes were verified and one of the multicomponent adducts could stain early endosomes selectively in bioimaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela H C Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Síntese Orgânica (LaQuiMeSO), Câmpus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, CP 459, Anápolis-GO, Brazil.
| | - Luciana M Ramos
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Síntese Orgânica (LaQuiMeSO), Câmpus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, CP 459, Anápolis-GO, Brazil.
| | - Raíssa K C de Paiva
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Síntese Orgânica (LaQuiMeSO), Câmpus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, CP 459, Anápolis-GO, Brazil.
| | - Saulo T A Passos
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70904-900, Brazil.
| | - Marina M Simões
- Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Machado
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70904-900, Brazil. and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - José R Correa
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70904-900, Brazil. and Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70904-900, Brazil.
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Batista GMF, de Castro PP, Dos Santos HF, de Oliveira KT, Amarante GW. Electron-Donor–Acceptor Complex-Enabled Flow Methodology for the Hydrotrifluoromethylation of Unsaturated β-Keto Esters. Org Lett 2020; 22:8598-8602. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M. F. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro P. de Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
| | - Hélio F. Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
| | - Kleber T. de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanni W. Amarante
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
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Carvalho BBPDP, Amaral AAP, de Castro PP, Ferreira FCM, Horta BAC, Amarante GW. On the development of a nucleophilic methylthiolation methodology. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5420-5426. [PMID: 32696795 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methylthiolation reactions are usually explored to access organosulfur compounds using methanethiol, an extremely flammable and toxic compound. Herein, methylthiomethyl esters were successfully applied as novel methylthiolation reagents in a low cost, transition-metal-free methodology. These reagents allowed the methylthiolation of a wide scope of chalcones, acyl ester derivatives and Morita-Baylis-Hillman acetates with good group tolerance, affording the methylthiolated products in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction mechanism was investigated through several control experiments, as well as by theoretical calculations employing Density Functional Theory. The results strongly support that a sulfurane and a sulfonium ylide appear as key intermediates and that a Pummerer type rearrangement is also crucial for the formation of this novel reagent. Furthermore, the methylthiolation mechanism is likely to proceed through the nucleophilic attack of the reagent, followed by an entropically favoured step involving the acetate attack to the positively charged species, then releasing the product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriane Antonia Pereira Amaral
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Zip Code 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Pôssa de Castro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Zip Code 36036-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruno Araújo Cautiero Horta
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CT Centro de Tecnologia, Rio de Janeiro, Zip Code 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Wilson Amarante
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Zip Code 36036-900, Brazil.
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