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Keyes ED, Mifflin MC, Austin MJ, Alvey BJ, Lovely LH, Smith A, Rose TE, Buck-Koehntop BA, Motwani J, Roberts AG. Chemoselective, Oxidation-Induced Macrocyclization of Tyrosine-Containing Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10071-10081. [PMID: 37119237 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by nature's wide range of oxidation-induced modifications to install cross-links and cycles at tyrosine (Tyr) and other phenol-containing residue side chains, we report a Tyr-selective strategy for the preparation of Tyr-linked cyclic peptides. This approach leverages N4-substituted 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones (TADs) as azo electrophiles that react chemoselectively with the phenolic side chain of Tyr residues to form stable C-N1-linked cyclic peptides. In the developed method, a precursor 1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione moiety, also known as urazole, is readily constructed at any free amine revealed on a solid-supported peptide. Once prepared, the N4-substituted urazole peptide is selectively oxidized using mild, peptide-compatible conditions to generate an electrophilic N4-substituted TAD peptide intermediate that reacts selectively under aqueous conditions with internal and terminal Tyr residues to furnish Tyr-linked cyclic peptides. The approach demonstrates good tolerance of native residue side chains and enables access to cyclic peptides ranging from 3- to 11-residues in size (16- to 38-atom-containing cycles). The identity of the installed Tyr-linkage, a stable covalent C-N1 bond, was characterized using NMR spectroscopy. Finally, we applied the developed method to prepare biologically active Tyr-linked cyclic peptides bearing the integrin-binding RGDf epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dalles Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Marcus C Mifflin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Maxwell J Austin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Brighton J Alvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Lotfa H Lovely
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Andriea Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Tristin E Rose
- 1200 Pharma LLC, 6100 Bristol Parkway, Culver City, California 90230, United States
| | - Bethany A Buck-Koehntop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jyoti Motwani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Andrew G Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Bechtler C, Lamers C. Macrocyclization strategies for cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1325-1351. [PMID: 34447937 PMCID: PMC8372203 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00083g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides are a growing therapeutic class due to their unique spatial characteristics that can target traditionally "undruggable" protein-protein interactions and surfaces. Despite their advantages, peptides must overcome several key shortcomings to be considered as drug leads, including their high conformational flexibility and susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage. As a general approach for overcoming these challenges, macrocyclization of a linear peptide can usually improve these characteristics. Their synthetic accessibility makes peptide macrocycles very attractive, though traditional synthetic methods for macrocyclization can be challenging for peptides, especially for head-to-tail cyclization. This review provides an updated summary of the available macrocyclization chemistries, such as traditional lactam formation, azide-alkyne cycloadditions, ring-closing metathesis as well as unconventional cyclization reactions, and it is structured according to the obtained functional groups. Keeping peptide chemistry and screening in mind, the focus is given to reactions applicable in solution, on solid supports, and compatible with contemporary screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bechtler
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Christina Lamers
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
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Analogs of the κ opioid receptor antagonist arodyn cyclized by ring-closing metathesis retain κ opioid receptor affinity, selectivity and κ opioid receptor antagonism. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gisemba SA, Ferracane MJ, Murray TF, Aldrich JV. Conformational Constraint between Aromatic Residue Side Chains in the "Message" Sequence of the Peptide Arodyn Using Ring Closing Metathesis Results in a Potent and Selective Kappa Opioid Receptor Antagonist. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3153-3164. [PMID: 33688737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists have recently shown potential for treating drug addiction and mood disorders. The linear acetylated dynorphin A analog arodyn (Ac[Phe1,2,3,Arg4,d-Ala8]dynorphin A-(1-11)NH2), synthesized in our laboratory, demonstrated potent and selective KOR antagonism. Cyclization of arodyn could potentially stabilize the bioactive conformation and enhance its metabolic stability. The cyclization strategy employed involved ring closing metathesis between adjacent meta- or para-substituted Tyr(allyl) residues in the "message" sequence that were predicted in a docking study to yield analogs that would bind to the KOR with binding poses similar to arodyn. Consistent with the modeling, the resulting analogs retained KOR affinity similar to arodyn; the peptides involving cyclization between para O-allyl groups also retained high KOR selectivity, with one analog exhibiting KOR antagonist potency (KB = 15 nM) similar to arodyn. These promising cyclized analogs with constrained aromatic residues represent novel leads for further exploration of KOR pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon A Gisemba
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Michael J Ferracane
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Redlands, Redlands, California 92373, United States
| | - Thomas F Murray
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68102, United States
| | - Jane V Aldrich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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Liu J, Liu X, Zhang F, Qu J, Sun H, Zhu Q. A Peptide Stapling Strategy with Built‐In Fluorescence by Direct Late‐Stage C(sp
2
)−H Olefination of Tryptophan. Chemistry 2020; 26:16122-16128. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Qu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R. China
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