1
|
Ban Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Jia X, Gao P, Yuan Y. Indium Promotes Direct Sulfonamidation of Unactivated Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6345-6352. [PMID: 38602779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
An improved protocol has been developed for the direct sulfonamidation of unactivated alkyl alcohols using In(OTf)3 as a Lewis acid catalyst. Although the established methods using Lewis or Brønsted acids have been well-studied for the direct functionalization of alcohols, their substrate scope mainly focuses on the π-activated alcohols. In this reaction, unactivated aliphatic alcohols were evaluated and afforded the desired sulfonamide products with good to excellent yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Ban
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Pan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiong B, Shi C, Ren Y, Xu W, Liu Y, Zhu L, Cao F, Tang KW, Yin SF. Zn-Catalyzed Dehydroxylative Phosphorylation of Allylic Alcohols with P(III)-Nucleophiles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3033-3048. [PMID: 38372254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
A novel and efficient protocol for the synthesis of diarylallyl-functionalized phosphonates, phosphinates, and phosphine oxides through the zinc-catalyzed dehydroxylative phosphorylation of allylic alcohols with P(III)-nucleophiles via a Michaelis-Arbuzov-type rearrangement is reported. A broad range of allylic alcohols and P(III)-nucleophiles (P(OR)3, ArP(OR)2, and Ar2P(OR)) are well tolerated in this reaction, and the expected dehydroxylative phosphorylation products could be synthesized with good to excellent yields under the optimal reaction conditions. The reaction can be easily scaled up at a gram-synthesis level. Furthermore, through the step-by-step control experiments, kinetic study experiments, and 31P NMR tracking experiments, we acquired insights into the reaction and proposed the possible mechanism for this transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biquan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Chonghao Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Yining Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Longzhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Fan Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Urbiña-Alvarez J, Rincón-Carvajal S, Gamba-Sánchez D. Ammonia surrogates in the synthesis of primary amines. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7036-7051. [PMID: 37575051 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01202f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Primary amines are derivatives of ammonia in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. Ammonia serves as the primary nitrogen source in amination reactions, and its utilization in solution or as a pure gas has witnessed notable advancements. However, the use of gaseous ammonia remains problematic in academic laboratory settings, while employing aqueous ammonia poses challenges in highly water-sensitive transformations. Consequently, the search for alternative sources of ammonia has garnered considerable attention among the organic chemistry community. This comprehensive literature review focuses on the use of ammonia surrogates in amination reactions, irrespective of the resulting intermediate. The review emphasizes the formation of the C-N bond and underscores the importance of generating intermediate products that can be readily transformed into primary amines through well-established reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Urbiña-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - Sergio Rincón-Carvajal
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - Diego Gamba-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang J, Wu YD, Pu M. Direct Amination of α-Triaryl Alcohols via Vanadium Catalysis. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37220167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
α-Triaryl amines have been used as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical intermediates for antifungal and anticancer applications. Current methods to synthesize such compounds require at least two steps, and no direct amination of tertiary alcohols has been reported. Herein, we disclose efficient catalytic conditions for the direct amination of α-triaryl alcohols to access α-triaryl amines. VO(OiPr)3, a commercially available reagent, has been identified as an effective catalyst for the direct amination of several α-triaryl alcohols. This process is scalable, as demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis, and the reaction still works at as low as a 0.01 mol % catalyst loading with the turnover number reaching 3900. Moreover, commercial pharmaceuticals including clotrimazole and flutrimazole have been successfully prepared rapidly and efficiently using this newly developed method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Yang
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Maoping Pu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang J, Wang L, Tang XY. Oxidative cross-coupling of quinoxalinones with indoles enabled by acidochromism. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2709-2714. [PMID: 36928912 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00280b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative cross-coupling of quinoxalinones with indole derivatives via B(C6F5)3·H2O induced acidochromism of quinoxalinone derivatives was developed under mild and external photocatalyst-free conditions. The reaction shows excellent substrate scope, accommodating a wide range of functional groups. The usefulness of this strategy was demonstrated by the synthesis of the natural products Azacephalandole A and Cephalandole A in high yields. Moreover, the products are fluorophores showing prevalent fluorescence properties with a wide emission range and good relative quantum yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Boron Lewis Acid Catalysis Enables the Direct Cyanation of Benzyl Alcohols by Means of Isonitrile as Cyanide Source. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052174. [PMID: 36903420 PMCID: PMC10004367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of an efficient and straightforward method for cyanation of alcohols is of great value. However, the cyanation of alcohols always requires toxic cyanide sources. Herein, an unprecedented synthetic application of an isonitrile as a safer cyanide source in B(C6F5)3-catalyzed direct cyanation of alcohols is reported. With this approach, a wide range of valuable α-aryl nitriles was synthesized in good to excellent yields (up to 98%). The reaction can be scaled up and the practicability of this approach is further manifested in the synthesis of an anti-inflammatory drug, naproxen. Moreover, experimental studies were performed to illustrate the reaction mechanism.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang K, Zhao S, Fang Z, Yang Z, Li X, Yang J, Meng J, Li Y, Ji D, He W, Guo K, Tu ST. Interdigital Micromixer for Selective N-Monoalkylation of Anilines in a Microflow System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shuangfei Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiming Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuguang Li
- Institute of Nanjing Advanced Biomaterials & Processing Equipment, 1 Xiushan Middle Road, Nanjing 211299, China
| | - Dong Ji
- Institute of Nanjing Advanced Biomaterials & Processing Equipment, 1 Xiushan Middle Road, Nanjing 211299, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shan-tung Tu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Boosting performance for hydrogenation-alkylation tandem reaction catalyzed by banana-like MgO-based solid solution confined Ni-Co alloy catalyst: Fabricated by a MTV-MOFs templated strategy. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
9
|
Hikawa H, Nakayama T, Nakamura S, Kikkawa S, Azumaya I. Dehydrative amination of benzhydrols with electron-withdrawing group-substituted 2-aminopyridines utilizing Au(III)/TPPMS catalyst system in water. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4183-4188. [PMID: 35537142 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a method for gold(III)/sodium diphenylphosphinobenzene-3-sulfonate (TPPMS)-catalyzed direct amination of benzhydrols using 2-aminopyridines with poor nucleophilic character in water. Various functional groups such as electron-withdrawing nitro, cyano and halogen groups were tolerated well to form the desired N-benzylated 2-aminopyridine compounds. On the basis of mechanistic studies including kinetic profiles, Hammett study and isotope effects, we propose a pathway in which a Lewis acidic gold cation species activates the sp3 C-O bond of the alcohol in the rate-determining step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Hikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Taku Nakayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Shunki Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Shoko Kikkawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sardar B, Jamatia R, Samanta A, Srimani D. Ru Doped Hydrotalcite Catalyzed Borrowing Hydrogen-Mediated N-Alkylation of Benzamides, Sulfonamides, and Dehydrogenative Synthesis of Quinazolinones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5556-5567. [PMID: 35442678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Ru doped hydrotalcite catalyzed N-alkylation of benzamides and sulfonamides with alcohols via borrowing hydrogen catalysis is illustrated. Various primary alcohols, including benzyl, heteroaryl, and aliphatic alcohols, were alkylated in good to excellent yields. To shed light on the mechanistic details, several control studies and deuterium labeling experiments were performed. Mechanistic studies underpin that the reaction is going via a borrowing hydrogen pathway rather than an SN1 type mechanism. The reaction can be easily scaled up without any detrimental effect on the yield. The catalyst is also capable of synthesizing quinazolinone directly from 2-aminobenzamide and alcohols. Successful recyclability and high reactivity highlight the practical applicability of the catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bitan Sardar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati Pin 781039, India
| | - Ramen Jamatia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati Pin 781039, India.,Department of Chemistry, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh 791112, India
| | - Arup Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati Pin 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Srimani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati Pin 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh S, Mahato R, Sharma P, Yadav N, Vodnala N, Kumar Hazra C. Development of Transition-Metal-Free Lewis Acid-Initiated Double Arylation of Aldehyde: A Facile Approach Towards the Total Synthesis of Anti-Breast-Cancer Agent. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104545. [PMID: 35060647 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a mild and robust double hydroarylation strategy for the synthesis of symmetrical /unsymmetrical diaryl- and triarylmethanes in excellent yields using Lambert salt (0.2-1.0 mol%). Despite the anticipated challenges associated with controlling selective product formation, unsymmetrical diaryl- and triarylmethanes products are obtained unprecedentedly. A highly efficient gram scale reaction has also been reported (TON for symmetrical product=475 and for unsymmetrical product=390). The synthetic utility of the methodology is demonstrated by the preparation of several unexplored diaryl- and triarylmethane-based biologically relevant molecules, such as arundine, vibrindole A, turbomycin B, and certain anti-inflammatory agents. A total synthesis of an anti-breast-cancer agent is also demonstrated. Control experiments, Hammett analysis, HRMS and GC-MS studies reveal the reaction intermediates and reaction mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Rina Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Pragya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Naveen Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Nagaraju Vodnala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Chinmoy Kumar Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao J, Liu S, Liu S, Ding W, Liu S, Chen Y, Du P. A Theoretical Study on the Borane-Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Aniline and Benzaldehyde with Dihydrogen: The Origins of Chemoselectivity. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1194-1207. [PMID: 35016504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations are used in this study to investigate the product selectivity and mechanism of borane-catalyzed reductive aldehyde amination by a H2 reducing agent. Knowing that different boranes yield different products, two typical boranes, (B(2,6-Cl2C6H3)(p-HC6F4)2 and B(C6F5)3), are studied. Of the seven possible pathways of B(2,6-Cl2C6H3)(p-HC6F4)2-catalyzed aldehyde amination analyzed herein, four are favorable. Three of the four favorable pathways involve imine intermediates, and the fourth is a Lewis acid-base synergistic pathway that involves amine-alcohol condensation. As for the B(C6F5)3 catalyst, it forms a highly stable Lewis adduct with aniline, which impedes the hydrogenation of imine. Therefore, the product of B(C6F5)3-catalyzed reductive amination of benzaldehyde and aniline is an imine. The linear relationship between the charge on the boron atom in the Lewis acid and the relative energies of the Lewis adduct and H2 splitting transition state indicates that this parameter determines product selectivity. Indeed, when the natural charge on boron is larger than 1, an amine is produced, whereas when the charge is less than 1, an imine is produced. Hence, the selectivity of products can be controlled by adjusting the natural charge of the boron atom in the Lewis acid catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Zhao
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211171, China
| | - Shaoxian Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211171, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211171, China
| | - Wenwen Ding
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211171, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211171, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210013, China
| | - Pan Du
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210013, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Banik A, Ahmed J, Sil S, Mandal SK. Mimicking transition metals in borrowing hydrogen from alcohols. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8353-8361. [PMID: 34221316 PMCID: PMC8221061 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01681d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrowing hydrogen from alcohols, storing it on a catalyst and subsequent transfer of the hydrogen from the catalyst to an in situ generated imine is the hallmark of a transition metal mediated catalytic N-alkylation of amines. However, such a borrowing hydrogen mechanism with a transition metal free catalytic system which stores hydrogen molecules in the catalyst backbone is yet to be established. Herein, we demonstrate that a phenalenyl ligand can imitate the role of transition metals in storing and transferring hydrogen molecules leading to borrowing hydrogen mediated alkylation of anilines by alcohols including a wide range of substrate scope. A close inspection of the mechanistic pathway by characterizing several intermediates through various spectroscopic techniques, deuterium labelling experiments, and DFT study concluded that the phenalenyl radical based backbone sequentially adds H+, H˙ and an electron through a dearomatization process which are subsequently used as reducing equivalents to the C-N double bond in a catalytic fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Banik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Swagata Sil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar G, Roy S, Chatterjee I. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane catalyzed C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1230-1267. [PMID: 33481983 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02478c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of boron based Lewis acids have been reported to date, but among them, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF) has gained the most significant attention in the synthetic chemistry community. The viability of BCF as a potential Lewis acid catalyst has been vastly explored in organic and materials chemistry due to its thermal stability and commercial availability. Most explorations of BCF chemistry in organic synthesis has occurred in the last two decades and many new catalytic reactivities are currently under investigation. This review mainly focuses on recent reports from 2018 onwards and provides a concise knowledge to the readers about the role of BCF in metal-free catalysis. The review has mainly been categorized by different types of organic transformation mediated through BCF catalysis for the C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Indranil Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Estopiñá‐Durán S, Taylor JE. Brønsted Acid-Catalysed Dehydrative Substitution Reactions of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:106-120. [PMID: 32491202 PMCID: PMC7820959 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The direct, catalytic dehydrative substitution of alcohols is a challenging, yet highly desirable process in the development of more sustainable approaches to organic chemistry. This review outlines recent advances in Brønsted acid-catalysed dehydrative substitution reactions for C-C, C-O, C-N and C-S bond formation. The wide range of processes that are now accessible using simple alcohols as the formal electrophile are highlighted, while current limitations and therefore possible future directions for research are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Estopiñá‐Durán
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsKY16 9STUK
| | - James E. Taylor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nori V, Dasgupta A, Babaahmadi R, Carlone A, Ariafard A, Melen RL. Triarylborane catalysed N-alkylation of amines with aryl esters. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01339k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
B(C6F5)3 is demonstrated to be an active catalyst for N-alkylation reactions of amine substrates with aryl esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Nori
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - Ayan Dasgupta
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - Rasool Babaahmadi
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry
- University of Tasmania Private Bag 75
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Armando Carlone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- Università degli Studi dell'Aquila
- 67100 L'Aquila
- Italy
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry
- University of Tasmania Private Bag 75
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| |
Collapse
|