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Arita H, Tanaka R, Kikukawa S, Tomizawa T, Sakata H, Funada M, Tomiyama K, Hashimoto M, Tasaka T, Tabata H, Nakamura K, Makino K, Oshitari T, Natsugari H, Takahashi H. Fentanyl-Type Antagonist of the μ-Opioid Receptor: Important Role of Axial Chirality in the Active Conformation. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10447-10463. [PMID: 38869493 PMCID: PMC11215721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic opioids have emerged as a predominant cause of drug-overdose-related fatalities, causing the "opioid crisis." To design safer therapeutic agents, we accidentally discovered μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonists based on fentanyl with a relatively uncomplicated chemical composition that potentiates structural modifications. Here, we showed the development of novel atropisomeric fentanyl analogues that exhibit more potent antagonistic activity against MOR than naloxone, a morphinan MOR antagonist. Derivatives displaying stable axial chirality were synthesized based on the amide structure of fentanyl. The aS- and aR-enantiomers exerted antagonistic and agonistic effects on the MOR, respectively, and each atropisomer interacted with the MOR by assuming a distinct binding mode through molecular docking. These findings suggest that introducing atropisomerism into fentanyl may serve as a key feature in the molecular design of future MOR antagonists to help mitigate the opioid crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Arita
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoko Tanaka
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Kikukawa
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Tomizawa
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Haruka Sakata
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiko Funada
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University
of Medical Sciences, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 224-0806, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tomiyama
- Section
of Addictive Drug Research, Department of Drug Dependence Research,
National Institute of Mental Health, National
Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo 187-8533, Japan
| | - Masaru Hashimoto
- Faculty
of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki
University, Hirosaki-shi, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tasaka
- Affinity
Science Corporation, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- Faculty of
Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kayo Nakamura
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kosho Makino
- Research
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino
University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- Faculty of
Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Science, The University
of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University
of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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2
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de Ceuninck van Capelle LA, Wales SM, Macdonald JM, Kruger M, Richardson C, Gardiner MG, Hyland CJT. Synthesis and Atropisomeric Properties of Benzoazepine-Fused Isoindoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37326851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atropisomeric, bench-stable benzoazepine-fused isoindoles were synthesized via oxidation from isoindoline precursors. Using the isoindoles 5d-f as models, the stereochemistry and conformational folding of the systems were examined. Chiral UHPLC was used to analyze the rate of racemization and calculate the Gibbs free energy of enantiomerization (ΔG‡Enant). X-ray crystallography, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations were used to elucidate the three axes of chirality and clarify the structural factors contributing to ΔG‡Enant. Tandem rotation around the axes of chirality precludes the formation of diastereomers, with rotational restriction of the Caryl-Nsulfonamide bond determined as the moderator of atropisomeric stability in the system, affected primarily by steric hindrance as well as by π-stacking interactions facilitated by the folded conformation of the sulfonamide over the isoindole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian A de Ceuninck van Capelle
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Steven M Wales
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - James M Macdonald
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Biomedical Manufacturing Program, Bag 10, Clayton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Megan Kruger
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Materials Characterisation and Modelling Program, Bag 10, Clayton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Christopher Richardson
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Christopher J T Hyland
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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3
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Funaki K, Tabata H, Nakazato Y, Takahashi Y, Tasaka T, Takahashi H, Natsugari H, Oshitari T. Atropodiastereoselective 5 N-Acylation of 1,5-Benzodiazepin-2-ones with ( S)-2-Phenylpropanoyl and ( S)-2-Phenylbutanoyl Chlorides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15289-15300. [PMID: 36222058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
5N-Acylation of 1N-methyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with (S)-2-phenylpropanoyl and (S)-2-phenylbutanoyl chlorides afforded the (a1S,a2S,S)-atropisomer (I) diastereoselectively over the (a1R,a2R,S)-isomer (II) in the ratio of 1:0.06-0.15. The preferential formation of I may be explained by the thermodynamically preferable π-π stacking interaction between two benzene rings in the benzodiazepine ring and the acyl chloride during the reaction. Analysis using ab initio calculations (RI-MP2/6-31+G(d) level of theory) for the acylation reaction indicated the π-π stacking interaction in the transition state. Furthermore, isomer I was shown to be thermodynamically more stable than II. The higher stability of I may be caused by the folded form of the two benzene rings, which was revealed by NMR, X-ray, and computational analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Funaki
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakazato
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tasaka
- Affinity Science Corporation, 1-11-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- Affinity Science Corporation, 1-11-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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Tanaka R, Nabae A, Yamane K, Makino K, Tabata H, Oshitari T, Natsugari H, Takahashi H. Atropisomeric Properties of <i>N</i>-Alkyl/Aryl 5<i>H</i>-Dibenz[<i>b</i>,<i>f</i>]azepines. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:573-579. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Ayana Nabae
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Koki Yamane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Kosho Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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de Ceuninck van Capelle LA, Macdonald JM, Hyland CJT. Stereogenic and conformational properties of medium-ring benzo-fused N-heterocycle atropisomers. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7098-7115. [PMID: 34190302 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00836f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Medium-ring (7-9-membered) benzo-fused N-heterocycles - a core structure in several important pharmaceuticals - have a diverse range of interesting conformational and stereochemical properties which arise from restricted bond rotation in the non-aromatic ring. The atropisomers of these pharmaceutically relevant N-heterocycles typically exhibit different biological activities, warranting the need to deeply understand the factors controlling the conformation and stereochemistry of the systems. Beginning with a brief introduction to atropisomer classification, this review will detail a number of medium-ring benzo-fused N-heterocycle systems from the recent literature to provide an overview of structural factors which can affect the atropisomeric nature of the systems by altering the overall conformation and rate of stereo-inversion. As well as general factors such as ring-size and sterics, the impact of additional stereocentres in these systems will be addressed. This includes the differences between sulfur, nitrogen and carbon stereocentres, and the consequences of stereocentre placement around the N-heterocycle ring. Further, conformational stabilisation via non-covalent intramolecular bonds will be explored. As such, this review represents a significant resource for aiding in the design, synthesis and study of new and potentially bioactive medium-ring benzo-fused N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian A de Ceuninck van Capelle
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
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Mansour H, El-Hendawy MM. Mechanistic perspectives on piperidine-catalyzed synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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