1
|
Li XS, Zhao J, Jiao ZH, Zhao XY, Hou SL, Zhao B. Portably and Visually Sensing Cytisine through Smartphone Scanning Based on a Post-Modified Luminescence Center Strategy in Zinc-Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401880. [PMID: 38407419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytisine (CTS) is a useful medicine for treating nervous disorders and smoking addiction, and exploring a convenient method to detect CTS is of great significance for long-term/home medication to avoid the risk of poisoning, but it is full of challenges. Here, a modified metal-organic framework sensor Tb@Zn-TDA-80 with dual emission centers was prepared using a post-modified luminescence center strategy. The obtained Tb@Zn-TDA-80 can serve as a CTS sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity. To achieve portable detection, Tb@Zn-TDA-80 was further fabricated as a membrane sensor, M-Tb@Zn-TDA-80, which displayed an obvious CTS-responsive color change by simply dropping a CTS solution onto its surface. Benefiting from this unique functionality, M-Tb@Zn-TDA-80 successfully realized the visual detection and quantitative monitoring of CTS in the range of 5.26-52.6 mM by simply scanning the color with a smartphone. The results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and theoretical computation illustrated that the high sensing efficiency of Tb@Zn-TDA-80 for CTS was attributed to the N-H⋅⋅⋅π and π⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the ligand and CTS. And luminescence quenching may result from the intramolecular charge transfer. This study provides a convenient method for ensuring long-term medication safety at home.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Shuai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Hao Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang T, Lv M, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cai Z, Zhang Y, Song J, Liu J, Yin H, Shang F. TDDFT Study on the ESIPT Properties of 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)-Benzothiazole and Sensing Mechanism of a Derived Fluorescent Probe for Fluoride Ion. Molecules 2024; 29:1541. [PMID: 38611820 PMCID: PMC11013366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The level of fluoride ions (F-) in the human body is closely related to various pathological and physiological states, and the rapid detection of F- is important for studying physiological processes and the early diagnosis of diseases. In this study, the detailed sensing mechanism of a novel high-efficiency probe (PBT) based on 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole derivatives towards F- has been fully investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. F- attacks the O-P bond of PBT to cleavage the dimethylphosphinothionyl group, and the potential products were evaluated by Gibbs free energy and spectroscopic analyses, which ultimately identified the product as HBT-Enol1 with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Bond parameters, infrared vibrational spectroscopy and charge analysis indicate that the hydrogen bond is enhanced at the excited state (S1), favoring excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The mild energy barrier further evidences the occurrence of ESIPT. Combined with frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, the fluorescence quenching of PBT was attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism and the fluorescence turn-on mechanism of the product was attributed to the ESIPT process of HBT-Enol1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Meiheng Lv
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Zexu Cai
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiaqi Song
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Hang Yin
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Fangjian Shang
- College of Aeronautical Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang S, He Y, Brandt JH, Zhao L, Chen J. Sensing Mechanism and Excited-State Dynamics of a Widely Used Intracellular Fluorescent pH Probe: pHrodo. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10482-10488. [PMID: 37967406 PMCID: PMC10683063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The pHrodo with an "off-on" response to the changes of pH has been widely used as a fluorescent pH probe for bioimaging. The fluorescence off-on mechanism is fundamentally important for its application and further development. Herein, the sensing mechanism, especially the relevant excited-state dynamics, of pHrodo is investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations, showing that pHrodo is best understood using the bichromophore model. Its first excited state (S1) is a charge transfer state between two chromophores. From S1, pHrodo relaxes to its ground state (S0) via an ultrafast nonradiative process (∼0.5 ps), which causes its fluorescence to be "off". After protonation, S1 becomes a localized excited state, which accounts for the fluorescence being turned "on". Our work provides photophysical insight into the sensing mechanism of pHrodo and indicates the bichromophore model might be relevant to a wide range of fluorescent probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Jiang
- Nano-Science
Center & Department of Chemistry, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yanmei He
- Nano-Science
Center & Department of Chemistry, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division
of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Højberg Brandt
- Nano-Science
Center & Department of Chemistry, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Li Zhao
- College
of Science, China University of Petroleum
(East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Nano-Science
Center & Department of Chemistry, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division
of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Zhang M, Li W, Wang Y, Zhou P. Theoretical Investigation on the "ON-OFF" Mechanism of a Fluorescent Probe for Thiophenols: Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Intramolecular Charge Transfer. Molecules 2023; 28:6921. [PMID: 37836764 PMCID: PMC10574459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the sensing mechanism of (2E,4E)-5-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(2-(2,4dinitrophenoxy)phenyl)penta-2,4-dien-1-one (DAPH-DNP) towards thiophenols was investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT). The DNP group plays an important role in charge transfer excitation. Due to the typical donor-excited photo-induced electron transfer (d-PET) process, DAPH-DNP has fluorescence quenching behavior. After the thiolysis reaction between DAPH-DNP and thiophenol, the hydroxyl group is released, and DAPH is generated with the reaction showing strong fluorescence. The fluorescence enhancement of DAPH is not caused by an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process. The potential energy curves (PECs) show that DAPH-keto is less stable than DAPH-enol. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) of DAPH show that the excitation process is accompanied by intramolecular charger transfer (ICT), and the corresponding character of DAPH was further confirmed by hole-electron and interfragment charge transfer (IFCT) analysis methods. Above all, the sensing mechanism of the turn-on type probe DAPH-DNP towards thiophenol is based on the PET mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenzhi Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao J, Liu C. Computational Insights into Excited State Intramolecular Double Proton Transfer Behavior Associated with Atomic Electronegativity for Bis(2'-benzothiazolyl)hydroquinone. Molecules 2023; 28:5951. [PMID: 37630203 PMCID: PMC10458628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the distinguished regulated photochemical and photophysical properties of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole derivatives, in this work, the novel bis(2'-benzothiazolyl)hydroquinone (BBTHQ) fluorophore is explored, looking at its photo-induced behaviors associated with different substituted atomic electronegativities, i.e., BBTHQ-SO, BBTHQ-SS and BBTHQ-Se compounds. From the structural changes, infrared (IR) vibrational variations and simulated core-valence bifurcation (CVB) indexes for the dual hydrogen bonds for the three BBTHQ derivatives, we see that low atomic electronegativity could be conducive to enhancing hydrogen bonding effects in the S1 state. Particularly, the O4-H5⋯N6 of BBTHQ-SO and the O1-H2⋯N3 of BBTHQ-SSe could be strengthened to be more intensive in the S1 state, respectively. Looking into the charge recombination induced by photoexcitation, we confirm a favorable ESDPT trend deriving from the charge reorganization of the dual hydrogen bonding regions. By constructing the potential energy surfaces (PESs) along with the ESDPT paths for the BBTHQ-SO, BBTHQ-SS and BBTHQ-Se compounds, we not only unveil stepwise ESDPT behaviors, but also present an atomic electronegativity-regulated ESDPT mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao J, Zhang H, Fan L, Li F, Song P. Unveiling and regulating the solvent-polarity-associated excited state intramolecular double proton transfer behavior for 1-bis(benzothiazolyl)naphthalene-diol fluorophore. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122831. [PMID: 37182250 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the regulatory luminescence properties of HBT derivatives, in this work, we mainly conduct a detailed theoretical exploration on the photoinduced excitation behavior of a novel di-proton-transfer type HBT derivative 1-bis(benzothiazolyl)naphthalene-diol (1-BBTND). The intramolecular double hydrogen bonding interaction and the excited state intramolecular double proton transfer (ESDPT) behavior of 1-BBTND fluorophore are investigated in combination with different polar solvent environments. From the structural changes and charge recombination induced by photoexcitation, we can conclude that strong polar solvent environment promotes the excited state dynamical reaction for 1-BBTND compound. By constructing potential energy surfaces (PESs) in S0 and S1 states, we clarify that 1-BBTND fluorophore should undergo a stepwise ESDPT reaction after photoexcitation. Combined with the size of potential energy barriers along with reaction paths in different solvents, we finally propose a new solvent-polarity-dependent stepwise ESDPT for 1-BBTND fluorophore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China.
| | - Haohua Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Liming Fan
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Fangyu Li
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao S, Meng F, Li X, Zhao J, Tang Z. Elaborating and regulating ESIPT associated with solvent polarity for the novel 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-(9H-diphenylamino-9-yl)phenol fluorophore. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2186718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanmiao Meng
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang P, Lu J, Jin L, Liu E, Li L. A DFT/TDDFT Investigation on Fluorescence and Electronic Properties of Chromone Derivatives. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:453-458. [PMID: 36441339 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of quick and precise detection technologies for active compounds in vivo is critical for disease prevention, diagnosis and pathological investigation. The fluorescence signal of the fluorophore usually defines the probe's sensitivity to the chemical being examined. Many natural compounds containing flavone and isoflavone scaffolds exhibit a certain amount fluorescence, albeit with poor fluorescence quantum yields. Therefore, we used density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations to investigate the fluorescence characteristics of chromium-derived fluorophores in more depth. Different substituents are introduced at different positions of the chromone. As weak electron donor groups, alkyl and aromatic groups were discovered to have varying quantum yields on the fluorophore scaffold, and longer alkyl chains are favorable to enhance fluorescence quantum yield. In comparison to the amino group, substituted amino group can avoid group rotation, and the introduction of cyclic amines such as pyrrolidine and heterocyclic amines can improve optical characteristics. The electron-donating methoxy group at position 6 helps to increase the fluorescence quantum yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
| | - Jiufu Lu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Lingxia Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Ernu Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Li Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao J, Jin B, Dong H. Decoding Solvent Polarity Related Excited State Behaviors for the Novel Amino NH‐type 3TfAPI Fluorophore. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Bing Jin
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Hao Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology Department of Mathematics and Physics North China Electric Power University Baoding 071003 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Z, Wang S, Liu S, Zhao J. Theoretical study of excited state intramolecular proton transfer behavior for 2-phenyl,3- hydroxybenzo[g]quinolones and its derivative in the aprotic and protic solvents. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
Dai M, Zhang P, Tang Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Fei X, Tian J. The fluorescence mechanism of a probe based on benzothiazole group to detect HClO. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
12
|
Theoretical study on the optical properties of an ESIPT-based fluorescent probe for phosgene. J Mol Model 2022; 28:195. [PMID: 35727345 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe Pi with the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) properties was synthesized and used to detect the phosgene in solution and gas phases. However, the detection mechanism of the fluorescent probe needs to be further studied. Herein, the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods were adopted to explore the molecular structures and electronic spectra properties of probe and its product Pio after reacting with phosgene. Through analysis for molecular structure parameters and infrared vibrations accompanied with the hydrogen bond of Pi, it is confirmed that the intramolecular hydrogen bond of Pi is enhanced under light excitation, which illustrates the occurrence of ESIPT reaction combined with the scanned potential energy curves. It can be seen from the simulated spectra that Pi shows double fluorescence through ESIPT process, while the fluorescent product Pio exhibits the single fluorescence due to the disappearance of intramolecular hydrogen bond. Through the study on the structure and optical properties of Pi and Pio, it can be helpful to deeply understand the intrinsic mechanism of the detection of phosgene by the Pi molecule probe, which also supplies a reference to the further study about the fluorescence probe.
Collapse
|
13
|
Unraveling excited state dynamics and photophysical properties for a series of phenol-quinoline derivatives by controlling hydrogen bond geometry. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
14
|
Liu Q, Tang Z, Liu S, Zhao J, Zheng D. Exploring the ESIPT process and fluorescence properties of 2‑(2′-Hydroxyaryl)benzazole derivatives by expanding the π-conjugation framework. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Zhang H, Liu Q, Wang Y, Tang Z, Zhou P. Regulation of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process and photophysical properties for benzoxazole isothiocyanate fluorescent dyes by changing atomic electronegativity. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is favored by researchers because of its unique optical properties. However, there are relatively few systematic studies on the effects of changing the electronegativity of atoms on the ESIPT process and photophysical properties. Therefore, we selected a series of benzoxazole isothiocyanate fluorescent dyes (2-HOB, 2-HSB, and 2-HSeB) by theoretical methods, and systematically studied the ESIPT process and photophysical properties by changing the electronegativity of chalcogen atoms. The calculated bond angle, bond length, energy gap, and infrared spectrum analysis show that the order of the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the three molecules is 2-HOB<2-HSB<2-HSeB. Correspondingly, the magnitude of the energy barrier of the potential energy curve is 2-HOB>2-HSB>2-HSeB. In addition, the calculated electronic spectrum shows that as the atomic electronegativity decreases, the emission spectrum has a redshift. Therefore, this work will offer certain theoretical guidance for the synthesis and application of new dyes based on ESIPT properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qingtong Liu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A High Performance 2-Hydroxynaphthalene Acylhydrazone Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detection of Al3+ Ions Through ESIPT and PET Signalling Mechanism. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
17
|
Liu X, Li Q, Wang C, Tian J, Fei X, Wang Y, Wang N. Theoretical study on excited state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism of thiazole complex in different kinds of solvents. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Liu
- School of Biological Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Qingyue Li
- School of Biological Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Conggang Wang
- School of Biological Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Biological Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Xu Fei
- Lab Analyst of Network Information Center Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Nan Wang
- Northeastern University Analytical and Testing Center, Northeastern University Shenyang China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lv M, Han C, Ji L, Zhang Z, Hua H, He Y, Li W. Theoretical Perspective on the Sensing Mechanism of a Novel Fluorescent Probe for Nitramine Explosives: The Role of Radical Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:685-690. [PMID: 35104131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of hidden nitramine explosives in public areas is a pressing concern for public safety. Deep insight into the sensing mechanism is significant and inspiring to the design of new high-efficiency nitramine probes. This study has theoretically investigated the recognition and fluorescence mechanism of a newly reported high-efficiency nitramine probe, proposing a new reaction pattern and sensing product for the probe with the photodegraded radical nitro dioxide (NO2) of nitramines. The rationality of the new detection product is confirmed by the fluorescence properties, IR analysis, and energy profiles. The recognition mechanism is found to be an H-abstraction reaction via NO2 and the turn-off fluorescence mechanism is suggested as a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process based on the results of the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis. The high selectivity of the probe toward NO2 is illustrated based on the energy analysis of the sensing products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiheng Lv
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Cong Han
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| | - Lincheng Ji
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhen Hua
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| | - Yongke He
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| | - Wenze Li
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang L, Chen M, Li Z, Teng Y, Wang G, Xue Y. Photophysical properties and sensing mechanism of fluorescent coumarin–chalcone hybrid for biothiols: A theoretical study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Mohan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yangxin Teng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Guirong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yunsheng Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Z, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Li H, Chen C, Liu W. A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on two-isophorone fluorophore for detecting cysteine. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6207-6213. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00882c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The key biological thiol, cysteine (Cys), which can participate in many physiological and pathological processes in the human body, has also been proofed to have considerable effects on redox homeostasis...
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of solvent polarity on ESDPT process of 1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2111251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
22
|
Tang Z, Han H, Ding J, Zhou P. Dual fluorescence of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole derivatives via the branched decays from the upper excited-state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27304-27311. [PMID: 34850786 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03546k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a special fluorescence phenomenon, double fluorescence has been widely developed and applied in various fields. Nevertheless, most of the research on fluorescence emission channels focuses on the first excited state, while the research on how to control the fluorescence emission channel through the upper excited state is relatively under-explored. Here, we use the time-dependent density functional theory method and consider the 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole (HBO) derivative system as an example to study the effect of upper excited states on double fluorescence. According to the calculation results, a new mechanism for the dual fluorescence was proposed, which involved the different decay pathways from the upper excited-state, the internal conversion through vibrational relaxation, and conical intersection, respectively. This research has potential value and can help in determining how to control the fluorescence emission channel through the upper excited state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China.
| | - Haiyun Han
- Heze Dingtao People's Hospital, Heze 274199, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Junxia Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhan H, Tang Z, Li Z, Chen X, Tian J, Fei X, Wang Y. The influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds on single fluorescence mechanism of 1-hydroxy-11H-benzo [b]fluoren-11-one and 10-hydroxy-11H-benzo [b]fluoren-11-one. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 260:119993. [PMID: 34077862 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solvent effects usually have an essential effect on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes and fluorescence mechanism. This contribution presents new insights into a newly synthesized compound, namely, 10-hydroxy-11H-benzo [b]fluoren-11-one (10-HHBF), and its analogue 1-hydroxy-11H-benzo [b]fluoren-11-one (1-HHBF), which exhibit single-fluorescence properties in protic solvents (methanol, MeOH), using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The results established four schemes, namely, MeOH-1, MeOH-2, MeOH-3, and MeOH-4, for 1-HHBF and 10-HHBF in MeOH. Absorption and emission spectra showed that the 1-HHBF and 10-HHBF at the conformation MeOH-2, MeOH-3 and MeOH-4 were closer to the experimental values than those at the MeOH-1. Energy barriers indicate the possibility of the ESIPT and ESPT process in 1-HHBF and 10-HHBF under the four schemes. Moreover, reverse PT processes were easy to occur at the conformations of MeOH-2, MeOH-3, and MeOH-4 in the S1 state. Given the single-fluorescence properties of 1-HHBF and 10-HHBF in the experiment, the conformation MeOH-1 was excluded. Therefore, our contribution proved that MeOH-2, MeOH-3, and MeOH-4 might exist in single fluorescence, and the hydrogen bond at the MeOH-2 position plays a decisive role, indicating the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction on the acceptor atom will have a more significant impact on the fluorescence properties of the substance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhan
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zixian Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Xu Fei
- Lab Analyst of Network Information Center, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Z, Tang Z, Li W, Zhan H, Liu X, Wang Y, Tian J, Fei X. Substituents effect on the methanol-assisted excited-state intermolecular proton transfer of 7-Aminoquinoline: A theoretical study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
25
|
Zhou P, Tang Z, Li P, Liu J. Unraveling the Mechanism for Tuning the Fluorescence of Fluorescein Derivatives: The Role of the Conical Intersection and nπ* State. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6478-6485. [PMID: 34240884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although a large number of fluorescein derivatives have been developed and applied in many different fields, the general mechanisms for tuning the fluorescence of fluorescein derivatives still remain uncovered. Herein, we found that the fluorescence quenching of neutral form of fluorescein derivatives in acidic medium resulted from a dark nπ* state, whereas the fluorescence of the anionic form of fluorescein derivatives in the gas phase and alkaline solutions was tuned by minimal energy conical intersection (MECI). The formation of MECI involved significant rotation of benzene ring and flip-flop motion of xanthene moiety, which would be restricted by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and lowering temperature. The energy barrier for reaching MECI depended on the substituents in the benzene moiety in accordance with experimentally observed substituent effects. These unprecedented mechanisms would lead to a recognition of fluorescein derivatives and could provide a correct and instructive design strategy for further developing new fluorescein derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | | | - Jianyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Blagoeva B, Stoilova A, Dimov D, Yordanov D, Nazarova D, Georgiev A, Antonov L. Tautomeric influence on the photoinduced birefringence of 4-substituted phthalimide 2-hydroxy Schiff bases in PMMA matrix. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:687-697. [PMID: 34009634 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced birefringence of two 4-substituted phthalimide 2-hydroxy Schiff bases, containing salicylic (4) and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl (5) moieties has been investigated in PMMA matrix. Their optical behaviour as nanocomposite films was revealed by combined use of DFT quantum chemical calculations (in ground and excited state) and experimental optical spectroscopy (UV-Vis and fluorescence). The results have shown that solid-state reversible switching takes place by enol/keto tautomerization and Z/E isomerization. Birefringence study was performed in the PMMA nanocomposite films using pump lasers at λrec = 355 nm and λrec = 442 nm. Fast response time and high stability of anisotropy up to 58% for (4) and 95% for (5) after turning off the excitation laser, was observed, which makes these materials appropriate candidates for cutting-edge optical information technology materials. The possibility for multiple cycles of recording, reading and optical erasure of the photoinduced birefringence at λrec = 442 nm in 5 has been demonstrated. The obtained results have shown that the maximum value of the measured birefringence is close to the anisotropic characteristics of the most frequently used azo materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaga Blagoeva
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ani Stoilova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Avenue, Sofia, 1756, Bulgaria
| | - Deyan Dimov
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dancho Yordanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 9, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dimana Nazarova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Georgiev
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev avenue, bldg. 109, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria.
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Avenue, Sofia, 1756, Bulgaria.
| | - Liudmil Antonov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen Y. Recent progress in natural product-based inhibitor screening with enzymatic fluorescent probes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1778-1787. [PMID: 33885636 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery is a complex process in which many challenges need to be overcome, from the discovery of a drug candidate to ensuring the efficacy and safety of the candidate in humans. Modern analytical methods allow tens of thousands of drug candidates to be screened for their inhibition of specific enzymes or receptors. In recent years, fluorescent probes have been used for the detection and diagnosis of human pathogens as well as high-throughput screening. This review focuses on recent progress in organic small-molecule based enzyme-activated fluorescent probes for screening of inhibitors from natural products. The contents include the construction of fluorescent probes, working mechanism and the process of inhibitor screening. The progress suggests that fluorescent probes are a vital and rapidly growing technology for inhibitor screening of enzymes, in particular, inhibitor screening in situ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xiao S, Lou Z, Ji D, Zhao J. Understanding solvent polarity dependent excited state behavior and ESIPT mechanism for 2-benzo[b]thiphen-3-yl-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-chroman-4-one compound. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
29
|
Lou Z, Zhou P. Reply to “Comment on ‘Theoretical Insights into the Excited State Decays of a Donor–Acceptor Dyad: Is the Twisted and Rehybridized Intramolecular Charge-Transfer State Involved?’”. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10582-10584. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangrong Lou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266235, P. R. China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266235, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|