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Karimian M, Dashtian K, Zare-Dorabei R. Microfluidic chip and chiroptical gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric sensor for enantioselective detection of L-tryptophan. Talanta 2024; 266:125138. [PMID: 37657378 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a novel integrated system that merges an enantio-discriminative bio-MOF-packed centrifugal microfluidic chip made from PDMS with a user-friendly on-site colorimetric sensor. This innovative approach enables the precise enantioselective recognition of L-tryptophane (L-Trp). This chiral recognition probe was successfully synthesized through meticulous control of nano-ovals-shaped gold nanoparticles morphology and surface passivation. The operational factor of this methodology was optimized to ensure simplicity, practicality, and efficiency. This optimization led to reduced reagent consumption and instantaneous analytical feedback. The integrated system was effectively applied for enantioselective separation and quantification of L-Trp across an extensive linear range of 50 μM-1.5 mM, impressive limit of detection as low as 15 μM. It is noteworthy that this integrated system demonstrated desirable selectivity even in the presence of similar biomolecules, showcasing its robust performance and rapid detection capability. Further extended the application of this strategy to exceptional performance across enantioselective sensing of L-Trp in various sample matrices, comprising bovine serum albumin, bovine milk, blood plasma and urine samples. This integrated microfluidic sample pretreatment, chiroptical sensing, and on-site signal recording with a smartphone hold tremendous potential for widespread implementation, practical applications engaging healthcare and environmental, food safety, and point-of-needs analysis, facilitating successive solution mixing and colorimetric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Karimian
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Kheibar Dashtian
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Rouholah Zare-Dorabei
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
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2
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Jin X, Zhao L, Zhang X, Wang Z, Hao M, Li Y. Ligand as Buffer for Improving Chemical Stability of Coordination Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42267-42276. [PMID: 36075001 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical stability is one of the key concerns in coordination polymers (CPs). However, technologies to protect CPs against acidic or alkaline aqueous environments have yet to be implemented. Herein we demonstrate an approach for improving the pH stability by utilizing the ligand salt as buffering site to modify the unsaturated coordination sites of CPs. For the selective one-dimensional CP Eu-d-DBTA (d-H2DBTA = d-O,O'-dibenzoyltartaric acid) with a pH stability range of 6-8, the introduction of the ligand salt Na-d-DBTA extends the pH stability interval from 3 to 11. Crystallographic structure data reveal the formation of a Eu/Na-d-DBTA dynamic structure with Na-d-DBTA buffer sites on the Eu-O cluster of the Eu-d-DBTA skeleton. Benefiting from the dynamic single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation, the buffer sites protect the skeleton from the impact of the acidic or alkaline aqueous environment. In addition, Eu/Na-d-DBTA produces stable photoluminescence properties and selective responses toward l-tryptophan (l-Trp) and further toward l-lysine (l-Lys) over the whole buffer capacity range of 3-11. Noticeably, other Ln/Na-d-DBTA CPs and star metal-organic frameworks also exhibit pH stability improvement when the ligand-as-buffer technology is used, which is significant for developing advanced inorganic-organic hybrid materials with superior functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Jin
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Ming Hao
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
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3
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Highly sensitive and selective detection of tryptophan by antipyrine based fluorimetric sensor. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Wu D, Tan L, Ma C, Pan F, Cai W, Li J, Kong Y. Competitive Self-Assembly Interaction between Ferrocenyl Units and Amino Acids for Entry into the Cavity of β-Cyclodextrin for Chiral Electroanalysis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6050-6056. [PMID: 35389624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
At present, chiral electroanalysis of nonelectroactive chiral compounds still remains a challenge because they cannot provide an electrochemical signal by themselves. Here, a strategy based on a competitive self-assembly interaction of a ferrocene (Fc) unit and the testing isomers entering into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was carried out for chiral electroanalysis. First of all, the Fc derivative was directly bridged to silica microspheres, followed by inclusion into the cavity of β-CD. As expected, once it was modified onto the surface of a carbon working electrode as an electrochemical sensor, SiO2@Fc-CD-WE, its differential pulse voltammetry signal would markedly decrease compared with the uncovered Fc. Next, when l- and d-isomers of amino acids that included histidine, threonine, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid were examined using SiO2@Fc-CD-WE, it showed an enantioselective entry of amino acids into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin instead of Fc, resulting in the release of Fc with signal enhancement. For histidine, glutamic acid, and threonine, l-isomers showed a higher peak current response compared with d-isomers. The peak current ratios between l- and d-isomers were 2.88, 1.21, and 1.40, respectively. At the same time, the opposite phenomenon occurred for phenylalanine with a peak current ratio of 3.19 between d- and l-isomers. In summary, we are assured that the recognition strategy based on the supramolecular interaction can enlarge the detection range of chiral compounds by electrochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Lilan Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenrong Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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5
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Lu F, Chen Y, Fu B, Chen S, Wang L. Multistimuli responsive supramolecular polymer networks via host-guest complexation of pillararene-containing polymers and sulfonium salts. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Zhang ZH, Zhang YM, Qu WJ, Shi B, Yao H, Wei TB. Tuning host-guest binding model by different intramolecular alkyl chain lengths in tripodal hosts: An evidence on structure control supramolecular interactions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Nazarova A, Padnya P, Cragg PJ, Stoikov I. [1]Rotaxanes based on phosphorylated pillar[5]arenes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
[1]Rotaxanes based on monosubstituted phosphorus-containing pillar[5]arenes have been synthesized by the Kabachnik–Fields reaction for the first time in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Nazarova
- A. M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A. M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Peter J. Cragg
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A. M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
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Shi C, Li H, Shi X, Zhao L, Qiu H. Chiral pillar[n]arenes: Conformation inversion, material preparation and applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Li Y, Wen J, Li J, Wu Z, Li W, Yang K. Recent Applications of Pillar[ n]arene-Based Host-Guest Recognition in Chemosensing and Imaging. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3882-3897. [PMID: 34665606 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pillar[n]arene is a novel kind of synthetic supramolecular macrocyclic host characterized by its particular pillar-shaped structure consisting of an electron-rich cavity and two finely adjustable rims. Benefiting from its rigid structure, facile synthesis, ease of functionalization, and outstanding host-guest chemistry, pillar[n]arene shows great potential for diverse applications. Significantly, the host-guest recognition of pillar[n]arene provides a novel approach for chemosensing and imaging. Herein, this Review critically and comprehensively reviews the applications of pillar[n]arene-based host-guest recognition in chemosensing and imaging. The sensing and imaging mechanisms as well as the unique roles and advantages of pillar[n]arene-based host-guest recognition are summarized. In addition, preparations of hybrid materials based on pillar[n]arene and inorganic materials are also introduced comprehensively in the light of chemosensing and imaging. Finally, current challenges and perspectives on pillar[n]arene-based host-guest recognition in chemosensing and imaging are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jia Wen
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiangshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zejia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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10
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Nelson M, Muniyasamy H, Kubendran AM, Balasubramaniem A, Sepperumal M, Ayyanar S. Carbazole based fluorescent chemosensor for the meticulous detection of tryptamine in aqueous medium and its efficacy in cell-imaging and molecular logic gate. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Wu D, Ma C, Pan F, Tao Y, Kong Y. Strategies to Achieve a Ferrocene-Based Polymer with Reversible Redox Activity for Chiral Electroanalysis of Nonelectroactive Amino Acids. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10160-10166. [PMID: 34255968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the past, various chiral isomers accompanied by electroactive units have been distinguished using electrochemical techniques, which can produce electrochemical signals by themselves. However, it is still difficult to use an electrochemical technique to detect nonelectroactive samples. To address this bottleneck, an electroactive chiral polymer (S,S)-p-CVB-Fc that contains one redox-active ferrocene unit was designed and synthesized in this study. The electroactive polymer can give electrochemical signals as an alternative to the tested chiral samples, regardless of whether the isomers have electroactive units. Then, it was fixed on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode as an electrochemical chiral sensor. When nonelectroactive amino acids including proline, threonine, and alanine were examined by the sensor, clear discrimination in the response of peak current could be observed toward l- and d-isomers at pH 6.5. The peak current ratios (IL/ID) for proline and alanine were 1.47 and 1.48, respectively. In contrast, for threonine, the d-isomer exhibited a higher peak current than the l -isomer with a ratio of 2.59. In summary, the results ensure that the current work can enlarge the testing scope of chiral samples in the field of chiral electroanalysis using an electroactive sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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12
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Wang Z, Chen T, Liu H, Zhao XL, Hu WB, Yang H, Liu YA, Wen K. Pillar[5]arene-Derived endo-Functionalized Molecular Tube for Mimicking Protein-Ligand Interactions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6467-6477. [PMID: 33872006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Artificial tubular molecular pockets bearing polar functionalities on their inner surface are useful model systems for understanding the mechanisms of protein-ligand interactions in living systems. We herein report a pillar[5]arene-derived molecular tube, [P4-(OH)BPO], whose endo conformational isomer endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] possesses an inwardly pointing hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donor (OH) in its deep cavity and a strong H-bond acceptor (C═O) on its predominantly hydrophobic inner surface, rendering it a perfect protein binding pocket mimetic. A fragment-based drug design model was established using endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] and a library of various shape-complementary fragment ligands (1-38). On the basis of the binding affinity data for "fragment-pocket" complexes G⊂endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] (G = 1-38), two rationally designed "lead molecules" (39 and 40) were identified as being able to enhance binding affinity significantly by forming H-bonds with both the donor and acceptor of endo-[P4-(OH)BPO]. The described work opens new avenues for developing pillar[n]arene-derived protein binding pocket-mimetic systems for studies of protein-ligand interactions and mechanisms of enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wei-Bo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yahu A Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry, ChemBridge Research Laboratories, San Diego, California 92127, United States
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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13
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Zhu X, Zhao J, Dai F, Xu W, Chen L, Xiao X, Tao Z, Zhang C. Selective recognition of tryptophan by a methylpillar[5]arene-based supramolecular fuorescent probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119381. [PMID: 33422874 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present a simple fluorescence quenching method to selectively recognise and determine L-tryptophan (L-Trp) out of other 19 natural amino acids. Methylpillar[5]arene (MeP5), which is employed as a macrocyclic fluorescent probe, exhibits fluorescence activity in the solution of poor solvents because of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. Fluorescence quenching of MeP5 in the solution of EtOH/CH2Cl2 (98/2, v/v) was observed upon the addition of L-Trp whereas other 19 natural amino acids did not bring about obvious change in fluorescence intensity. 1H NMR titration, fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and theoretical analysis revealed that L-Trp can be encapsulated into the cavity of MeP5 to form a stable 1:1 host-guest inclusion complex which accounts for the quenching characteristics. The proposed procedure in this investigation offers an attractive and promising method for the selective detection of L-Trp in a mixture of natural amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Feifei Dai
- Taizhou Institute of Product Quality and Safety Inspection, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Weitao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Sun J, Dai Y, Hou Y, Wu Q, Ma L, Zhao J, Wang B. Weakened Triplet-Triplet Annihilation of Diiodo-BODIPY Moieties without Influence on Their Intrinsic Triplet Lifetimes in Diiodo-BODIPY-Functionalized Pillar[5]arenes. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2344-2355. [PMID: 33719445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) effect of sensitizers themselves can lead to the additional quenching of lifetimes of triplet states; therefore, how to weaken the TTA effect of sensitizers is an urgent issue to be resolved for their further applications. Besides, it remains a tremendous challenge for constructing supramolecular systems of photosensitizers based on photosensitizer-functionalized pillararenes because there have been very few investigations on them. Thus, 2,6-diiodo-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-4,4-difluoroboradiazaindacene (DIBDP) and ethoxy pillar[5]arene (EtP5) were utilized to synthesize a DIBDP-functionalized pillar[5]arene (EtP5-DIBDP), a cyano-containing DIBDP (G) used as a guest molecule was also prepared, and they were used to investigate the electron-transfer mechanism between EtP5 and DIBDP moieties and weaken the TTA effect of DIBDP moieties. The theoretical computational results of frontier molecular orbitals and isosurfaces of spin density preliminarily predicted that the cavities of the EtP5 moiety had influence on the fluorescence emission of DIBDP units but not on their triplet states in EtP5-DIBDP. The fluorescence emission intensities in a variety of solvents with different polarities and electrochemical studies revealed that there was electron transfer from EtP5 to the DIBDP units, and the electron-transfer process had influence on the fluorescence emission but not on the triplet states of DIBDP moieties in EtP5-DIBDP, which verified the results of density functional theory calculations. The triplet state lifetimes of EtP5-DIBDP were longer than those of DIBDP and G and the photooxidation abilities of EtP5-DIBDP were better than those of DIBDP and G at a high concentration (1.0 × 10-5 M) in various solvents; in contrast, the intrinsic triplet state lifetimes and singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) of DIBDP, G, and EtP5-DIBDP were very similar. This was because the steric hindrance of EtP5 moieties could weaken the TTA effect of DIBDP moieties without influencing their intrinsic triplet state lifetimes in EtP5-DIBDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifu Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, J2-424, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
| | - Ying Dai
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, J2-424, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qianwen Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, J2-424, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
| | - Linzheng Ma
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, J2-424, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, J2-424, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
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