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Garg D, Chopra P, Lee JWL, Tikhonov DS, Kumar S, Akcaalan O, Allum F, Boll R, Butler AA, Erk B, Gougoula E, Gruet SP, He L, Heathcote D, Jones E, Kazemi MM, Lahl J, Lemmens AK, Liu Z, Loru D, Maclot S, Mason R, Merrick J, Müller E, Mullins T, Papadopoulou CC, Passow C, Peschel J, Plach M, Ramm D, Robertson P, Rompotis D, Simao A, Steber AL, Tajalli A, Tul-Noor A, Vadassery N, Vinklárek IS, Techert S, Küpper J, Rijs AM, Rolles D, Brouard M, Bari S, Eng-Johnsson P, Vallance C, Burt M, Manschwetus B, Schnell M. Ultrafast dynamics of fluorene initiated by highly intense laser fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38958416 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05063g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
We present an investigation of the ultrafast dynamics of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluorene initiated by an intense femtosecond near-infrared laser pulse (810 nm) and probed by a weak visible pulse (405 nm). Using a multichannel detection scheme (mass spectra, electron and ion velocity-map imaging), we provide a full disentanglement of the complex dynamics of the vibronically excited parent molecule, its excited ionic states, and fragments. We observed various channels resulting from the strong-field ionization regime. In particular, we observed the formation of the unstable tetracation of fluorene, above-threshold ionization features in the photoelectron spectra, and evidence of ubiquitous secondary fragmentation. We produced a global fit of all observed time-dependent photoelectron and photoion channels. This global fit includes four parent ions extracted from the mass spectra, 15 kinetic-energy-resolved ionic fragments extracted from ion velocity map imaging, and five photoelectron channels obtained from electron velocity map imaging. The fit allowed for the extraction of 60 lifetimes of various metastable photoinduced intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Garg
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pragya Chopra
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jason W L Lee
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Sonu Kumar
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Felix Allum
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Alexander A Butler
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Eva Gougoula
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Lanhai He
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany
| | - David Heathcote
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ellen Jones
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mehdi M Kazemi
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Jan Lahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander K Lemmens
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Donatella Loru
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Robert Mason
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Merrick
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Erland Müller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Terry Mullins
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Marius Plach
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ramm
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Patrick Robertson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dimitrios Rompotis
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Alcides Simao
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Ayhan Tajalli
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Atia Tul-Noor
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nidin Vadassery
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivo S Vinklárek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany
| | - Simone Techert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anouk M Rijs
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Mark Brouard
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sadia Bari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Claire Vallance
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Burt
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Melanie Schnell
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Liu Y, Sun T, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Shen X, Lv H, Xu H. Ultrafast time-resolved polarization-dependent investigations on the dynamics in the Ã2B2 state of NO2 molecules. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200221. [PMID: 35687037 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We perform time-resolved polarization-dependent study on ultrafast dynamics in the à 2 B 2 state of NO 2 . A linearly-polarized 400 nm femtosecond laser is used to resonantly pump NO 2 to its first excited state à 2 B 2 , and the time-dependent ionic yields produced via strong field ionization at 800 nm are measured under different laser polarizations. The yield ratios measured with the lasers perpendicular and parallel to each other first decrease then increase as the wave packet evolves on the excited state, with a minimum ratio at the delay time of 180 fs, which can be attributed to the evolution time in the à 2 B 2 state. The behavior of the time-resolved ionization in elliptically polarized laser field is also investigated and discussed. Our study indicates that the time-resolved polarization-dependent studies will shed some light on and pave the way to understand ultrafast dynamics in molecular excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
| | - Tian Sun
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
| | | | - Yiwen Zhao
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
| | - Qi Chen
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
| | - Xingchen Shen
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
| | - Hang Lv
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Jilin University Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin, CHINA
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