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Kumar PR, Mothi E. New A3B-type naphthyl Zn(II porphyrins as DSSC dyes: Effect of anchoring group and co-adsorption for enhanced efficiency. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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2
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Hanna L, Movsesian E, Orozco M, Bernot AR, Asadinamin M, Shenje L, Ullrich S, Zhao Y, Marshall N, Weeks JA, Thomas MB, Teprovich JA, Ward PA. Spectroscopic investigation of the electronic and excited state properties of para-substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins and their electrochemically generated ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121300. [PMID: 35512525 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins play pivotal roles in many crucial biological processes including photosynthesis. However, there is still a knowledge gap in understanding electronic and excited state implications associated with functionalization of the porphyrin ring system. These effects can have electrochemical and spectroscopic signatures that reveal the complex nature of these somewhat minor substitutions, beyond simple inductive or electronic effect correlations. To obtain a deeper insight into the influences of porphyrin functionalization, four free-base, meso-substituted porphyrins: tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP), tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (THPP), tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), and tetra(4-nitrophenyl) porphyrin (TNPP), were synthesized, characterized, and investigated. The influence of various substituents, (-hydroxy,-carboxy, and -nitro) in the para position of the meso-substituted phenyl moieties were evaluated by spectroelectrochemical techniques (absorption and fluorescence), femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Spectral features were evaluated for the neutral porphyrins and differences observed among the various porphyrins were further explained using rendered frontier molecular orbitals pertaining to the relevant transitions. Electrochemically generated anionic and cationic porphyrin species indicate similar absorbance spectroscopic signatures attributed to a red-shift in the Soret band. Emissive behavior reveals the emergence of one new fluorescence decay pathway for the ionic porphyrin, distinct from the neutral macrocycle. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy analysis provided further analysis of the implications on the excited-state as a function of the para substituent of the free-base meso-substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins. Herein, we provide an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the electronic and excited state effects associated with systematically varying the induced dipole at the methine bridge of the free-base porphyrin macrocycle and the spectroscopic signatures related to the neutral, anionic, and cationic species of these porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanna
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - Edgar Movsesian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Miguel Orozco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Anthony R Bernot
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Mona Asadinamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Learnmore Shenje
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina-Aiken Aiken, SC, USA
| | - Jason A Weeks
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael B Thomas
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - Joseph A Teprovich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA.
| | - Patrick A Ward
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA.
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3
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Tyulyaeva EY, Bichan NG, Lomova TN. Generation and Spectral Properties of Oxidized Forms of Iridium and Rhenium Porphyrin Complexes. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Zaitseva SV, Yu. Tyulyaeva E, Tyurin DV, Zdanovich SA, Koifman OI. Easy access to powerful ruthenium phthalocyanine high-oxidized species. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Espitia-Almeida F, Diaz-Uribe C, Vallejo W, Gómez-Camargo D, Romero Bohórquez AR, Linares-Flores C. Photophysical study and in vitro approach against Leishmania panamensis of dicloro-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)porphyrinato Sn(IV). F1000Res 2021; 10:379. [PMID: 34804494 PMCID: PMC8581593 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.52433.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Photodynamic therapy activity against different biological systems has been reported for porphyrins. Porphyrin modifications through peripheral groups and/or by metal insertion inside the ring are main alternatives for the improvement of its photo-physical properties. In this study, we synthesized and characterized 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)porphyrin and the dicloro-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)porphyrinato Sn(IV). Methods: Metal-free porphyrin was synthesized using the Alder method, while the Sn(IV)-porphyrin complex was prepared by combining metal-free porphyrin with stannous chloride in DMF; the reaction yields were 47% and 64% respectively. Metal-free porphyrin was characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, ESI-mass spectrometry and
13C-NMR. Additionally, the Sn(IV) -porphyrin complex was characterized using UV-Vis and FT-IR. Cyclic voltammetry tests in four different solvents. The fluorescence quantum yield (Φ
f) was measured using fluorescein as a standard, the singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ
D) was estimated using the standard 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)porphyrin (H2TPP) and the quencher of singlet oxygen 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Results: UV-Vis assay showed typical Q and Soret bands for porphyrin and its metallo-porphyrin complex. Compounds showed photoluminescence at the visible range of electromagnetic spectrum. The inclusion of the metal in the porphyrin core changed the Φ
f from 0.15 to 0.05 and the Φ
D increased from 0.55 to 0.59. Finally, the effect of the compounds on the viability of
L. panamensis was evaluated by means of the MTT test. The results showed that both compounds decreased the viability of the parasite; this inhibitory activity was greater under light irradiation; the porphyrin compound had IC
50 of 16.5 μM and the Sn(IV)-porphyrin complex had IC
50 of 19.2 μM. Conclusion: The compounds were synthesized efficiently, their characterization was carried out by different spectroscopy techniques and their own signals were evidenced for both structures, both compounds decreased the cell viability of
L. panamensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Espitia-Almeida
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia.,Grupo de Investigación UNIMOL, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Carlos Diaz-Uribe
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - William Vallejo
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Doris Gómez-Camargo
- Grupo de Investigación UNIMOL, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Arnold R Romero Bohórquez
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Orgánicos de Interés Medicinal (CODEIM), Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Cristian Linares-Flores
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Centro de Química Orgánica y Productos Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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6
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Tyulyaeva EY. Reaction chemistry of noble metal porphyrins in solutions as a foundation for practical applications. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Grzegorzek N, Mao H, Michel P, Junge MJ, Lorenzo ER, Young RM, Krzyaniak MD, Wasielewski MR, Chernick ET. Metalated Porphyrin Stable Free Radicals: Exploration of Electron Spin Communication and Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6168-6176. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Grzegorzek
- Institute für Organische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 18, A-Bau, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Haochuan Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Patrick Michel
- Institute für Organische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 18, A-Bau, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Marc J. Junge
- Institute für Organische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 18, A-Bau, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Emmaline R. Lorenzo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Matthew D. Krzyaniak
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Erin T. Chernick
- Institute für Organische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 18, A-Bau, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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8
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Leite THO, Grawe G, Honorato J, Cunha BN, Nascimento OR, de Vargas PS, Donatoni C, Oliveira KT, Lopes JMS, Barbosa Neto NM, Moreira WC, Dinelli LR, Batista AA. Remarkable Electronic Effect on the meso-Tetra(thienyl)porphyrins. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1030-1039. [PMID: 30605327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Complexes derived from meso-tetra(thienyl)porphyrins (TThP) and meso-tetra(pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP) containing peripheral ruthenium complexes with general formulas {TPyP[RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Mebipy)]4}(PF6)4, {TThP[RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Mebipy)]4}(PF6)4, and {TThP-me-[RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Mebipy)]4}(PF6)4 [5,5'-Mebipy = 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane] were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy techniques (1H- and 31P{1H}-NMR, IR, UV/vis, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)), cyclic voltammetry, coulometry, molar conductivity, and elemental analysis. Voltammetry and UV/vis studies demonstrated differentiated electronic properties for ruthenium appended with TThP and TThP-me when compared to ruthenium appended with TPyP. The UV/vis analysis for the ruthenium complex derived from TThP and TThP-me, as well as the Soret and Q bands, characteristics of porphyrins, showed a band at 700 nm referring to the Ru → S electronic transition, and porphyrin TThP-me showed another band at 475 nm from the Ru-N transition. The attribution of these bands was confirmed by spectroelectrochemical analysis. Cyclic voltammetry analysis for the ruthenium complex derived from TPyP exhibited only an electrochemical process with E1/2 = 0.47 V assigned to the Ru(II)/Ru(III) redox pair (Fc/Fc+). On the other hand, two processes were observed for the ruthenium complexes derived from TThP and TThP-me, with E1/2 around 0.17 and 0.47 V, which were attributed to the formation of a mixed valence tetranuclear species containing Ru(II) and Ru(III) ions, showing that the peripheral groups are not oxidized at the same potential. Fluorescence spectroscopic experiments show the existence of a mixed state of emission in the supramolecular porphyrin moieties. The results suggest the formation of Ru(II)-Ru(III) mixed valence complexes when oxidation potential was applied around 0.17 V in the {TThP[RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Mebipy)]4}(PF6)4 and {TThP-me-[RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Mebipy)]4}(PF6)4 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taíse H O Leite
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gregory Grawe
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - João Honorato
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Beatriz N Cunha
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil.,Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Ceres, Rodovia GO-154 KM 03, CP 51, 76300-000 , Ceres , Goiás , Brazil
| | - Otaciro R Nascimento
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos , Universidade de São Paulo , CP 369, CEP 13560-970 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Pamela S de Vargas
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Carolina Donatoni
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Kleber T Oliveira
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Jefferson M S Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Física , Universidade Federal do Pará , CEP 66075-110 , Belém , Pará , Brazil
| | - Newton M Barbosa Neto
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Física , Universidade Federal do Pará , CEP 66075-110 , Belém , Pará , Brazil
| | - Wania C Moreira
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luis R Dinelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal , Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Rua Vinte, 1600, CEP 38304-402 , Ituiutaba , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , CP 676, CEP 13565-905 , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
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9
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Kumar PR, Britto NJ, Kathiravan A, Neels A, Jaccob M, Mothi EM. Synthesis and electronic properties of A3B-thienyl porphyrins: experimental and computational investigations. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04289f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis ofmeso-thienyl porphyrins containing a phenyl substituent allows fine tuning of the frontier orbitals to suit applications in DSSC and photomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poomani Ram Kumar
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research
- PSN College of Engineering and Technology
- Tirunelveli 627 152
- India
| | - Neethinathan Johnee Britto
- Department of Chemistry & Computational Chemistry Laboratory
- Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE)
- Loyola College
- Chennai – 600 034
- India
| | - Arunkumar Kathiravan
- Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai 600 062
- India
| | - Antonia Neels
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- Überlandstrasse 129
- 8600
- Dübendorf
- Switzerland
| | - Madhavan Jaccob
- Department of Chemistry & Computational Chemistry Laboratory
- Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE)
- Loyola College
- Chennai – 600 034
- India
| | - Ebrahim M. Mothi
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research
- PSN College of Engineering and Technology
- Tirunelveli 627 152
- India
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10
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Coordination chemistry of a redox non-innocent NHC bis(phenolate) pincer ligand with nickel(II). Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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11
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Shimizu D, Osuka A. Porphyrinoids as a platform of stable radicals. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1408-1423. [PMID: 29675188 PMCID: PMC5892410 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-innocent ligand nature of porphyrins was observed for compound I in enzymatic cycles of cytochrome P450. Such porphyrin radicals were first regarded as reactive intermediates in catabolism, but recent studies have revealed that porphyrinoids, including porphyrins, ring-contracted porphyrins, and ring-expanded porphyrins, display excellent radical-stabilizing abilities to the extent that radicals can be handled like usual closed-shell organic molecules. This review surveys four types of stable porphyrinoid radical and covers their synthetic methods and properties such as excellent redox properties, NIR absorption, and magnetic properties. The radical-stabilizing abilities of porphyrinoids stem from their unique macrocyclic conjugated systems with high electronic and structural flexibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
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12
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Tran TTH, Chen GL, Hoang TKA, Kuo MY, Su YO. Effect of Imidazole on the Electrochemistry of Zinc Porphyrins: An Electrochemical and Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6925-6931. [PMID: 28832144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the electrochemical behavior of zinc meso-substituted porphyrins in the presence of imidazole is examined by using both cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT) methods. The results show that the first half-wave oxidation potentials (1st E1/2) of zinc porphyrins complexed with imidazole all move to the negative side, while the second ones (2nd E1/2) move to the positive side, resulting in larger half-wave oxidation potential splittings of the two oxidation states (ΔE = second E1/2 - first E1/2) comparing with the zinc porphyrins. By employing DFT calculations, we have found that both sterically controlled inter π-conjugation between porphyrin rings and meso-substituted phenyl groups and deformation of porphyrin rings do play important roles in contributing to the half-wave oxidation potentials. Imidazole exhibits strong effects on the deformation of porphyrin rings which is dominant in determining the first E1/2 while the inter π-conjugation between porphyrin rings and meso-substituted phenyl groups mainly contributes to the second E1/2. Without imidazole, the inter π-conjugation between porphyrin rings and meso-substituted phenyl groups is the only important criterion which effects both first E1/2 and second E1/2 of zinc porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai T H Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University , 1 University Road, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ling Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University , 1 University Road, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Tuan K A Hoang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ming-Yu Kuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University , 1 University Road, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Yuhlong O Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University , 1 University Road, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
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14
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Dudkin SV, Erickson NR, Vologzhanina AV, Novikov VV, Rhoda HM, Holstrom CD, Zatsikha YV, Yusubov MS, Voloshin YZ, Nemykin VN. Preparation, X-ray Structures, Spectroscopic, and Redox Properties of Di- and Trinuclear Iron-Zirconium and Iron-Hafnium Porphyrinoclathrochelates. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11867-11882. [PMID: 27801586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The first hybrid di- and trinuclear iron(II)-zirconium(IV) and iron(II)-hafnium(IV) macrobicyclic complexes with one or two apical 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin fragments were obtained using transmetalation reaction between n-butylboron-triethylantimony-capped or bis(triethylantimony)-capped iron(II) clathrochelate precursors and dichlorozirconium(IV)- or dichlorohafnium(IV)-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins under mild conditions. New di- and trinuclear porphyrinoclathrochelates of general formula FeNx3((Bn-Bu)(MTPP)) and FeNx3(MTPP)2 [M = Zr, Hf; TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetraporphyrinato(2-); Nx = nioximo(2-)] were characterized by one-dimensional (1H and 13C{1H}) and two-dimensional (COSY and HSQC) NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-visible, and magnetic circular dichroism spectra, single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments, as well as elemental analyses. Redox properties of all complexes were probed using electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical approaches. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical data suggestive of a very weak, if any, long-range electronic coupling between two porphyrin π-systems in FeNx3(MTPP)2 complexes. Density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations were used to correlate spectroscopic signatures and redox properties of new compounds with their electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semyon V Dudkin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Technology of Organic Substances & Polymer Materials, Tomsk Polytechnic University , 634050 Tomsk, Russia.,Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nathan R Erickson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Anna V Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentin V Novikov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Hannah M Rhoda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Cole D Holstrom
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Yuriy V Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Mekhman S Yusubov
- Department of Technology of Organic Substances & Polymer Materials, Tomsk Polytechnic University , 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yan Z Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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