1
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Arakawa M, Kono S, Sekine Y, Terasaki A. Reaction of size-selected iron-oxide cluster cations with methane: a model study of rapid methane loss in Mars' atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14684-14690. [PMID: 38716515 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
We report gas-phase reactions of free iron-oxide clusters, FenOm+, and their Ar adducts with methane in the context of chemical processes in Mars' atmosphere. Methane activation was observed to produce FenOmCH2+/FenOmCD2+ and FenOmC+, where the reactivity exhibited size and composition dependence. For example, the rate coefficients of methane activation for Fe3O+ and Fe4O+ were estimated to be 1 × 10-13 and 3 × 10-13 cm3 s-1, respectively. Based on these reaction rate coefficients, the presence of iron-oxide clusters/particles with a density as low as 107 cm-3 in Mars' atmosphere would explain the rapid loss of methane observed recently by the Curiosity rover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Arakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Yasuhito Sekine
- Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Akira Terasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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2
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Sorroche A, Reboiro F, Monge M, López-de-Luzuriaga JM. Recent Trends in Group 11 Hydrogen Bonding. Chempluschem 2024:e202400273. [PMID: 38764413 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Conventional hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) has been extensively studied in organic and biological systems. However, its role in transition metal chemistry, particularly with Group 11 metals (i. e. Cu, Ag, Au) as hydrogen bond acceptors, remains relatively unexplored. Through a combination of experimental techniques, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and computational calculations, several aspects of H-bonding interactions with Group 11 metals are examined, shedding light on its impact on structural motifs and reactivity. These include bond strengths, geometries, and effects on electronic structures. Understanding the intricacies of hydrogen bonding within transition metal chemistry holds promise for various applications, including catalytic transformations, the construction of molecular assemblies, synthesis of complexes displaying anticancer activities, or luminescence applications (e. g. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence, TADF). This review encompasses the most significant recent advances, challenges, and future prospects in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Sorroche
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Félix Reboiro
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - José María López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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3
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Guo M, Zhou S, Sun X. Room-Temperature Conversion of Methane to Methanediol by [FeO 2] . J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1633-1640. [PMID: 36752636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the activities of P-450 enzyme and Rieske oxygenases in nature, in which the high-valent Fe-oxo complexes play a key role for oxidation of alkanes, the oxidation process of methane by the high-valent iron oxide cation [FeO2]+ has been explored by using Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry complemented by high-level quantum chemical calculations. In contrast to the previously reported [FeO]+/CH4 and [Fe(O)OH]+/CH4 systems, which afford [FeOH]+ as the main product, the generation of Fe+ dominates the reaction of [FeO2]+ with CH4. Theoretical calculations suggest a novel "oxygen rebound" pathway for the liberation of methanediol. In particular, the inevitable valence increase of Fe prior to C-H activation is similar to the cytochrome P-450 mediated processes. To our best knowledge, this study provides the first example of methane activation by the high-valent Fe(V)-oxo species in the gas phase, which may thus bridge the gas-phase model and the condensed-phase biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Guo
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University─Quzhou, Zheda Road No. 99, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
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4
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Sun X, Huang X. Reaction of Ta 3 - Clusters with Molecular Nitrogen: A Mechanism Investigation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22682-22688. [PMID: 35811866 PMCID: PMC9260930 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of the inertness of molecular nitrogen, its practicable activation under mild conditions is a fundamental challenge. Ta3 - is an exceptionally small cluster that reacts with N2 at room temperature, leading finally to Ta3N2 -; Ta3N2 - also could react with N2 at room temperature, leading finally to Ta3N4 -, a product of interest in its own right because of its potential as a nitrogen fixation medium. The mechanisms of the Ta3 -- and Ta3N2 --mediated activation of the N≡N triple bond have been investigated. Our extensive computations elucidate mechanisms for the ready reactions, leading to stepwise cleavage of the N≡N bond. Initial isomeric N2/Ta3 - complexes, N≡N elongation, undergo a N≡N split over generally low barriers in a highly exothermic process. The nitrogen-atom or molecular exchange reactions found in the Ta3N2 -/N2 system may be of paramount importance in both applied and fundamental studies.
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5
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Viggiano AA, Ard SG, Shuman NS. Temperature and energy dependences of ion-molecule reactions: Studies inspired by Diethard Böhme. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:568-592. [PMID: 34159628 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diethard Böhme has had a long career covering many topics in ion-molecule reactivity. In this review, we describe the work done at the Air Force Research Laboratory (and its variously named preceding organizations) that was inspired by his studies. These fall into two main areas: nucleophilic displacement (SN 2) and metal cation chemistry. In SN 2 chemistry, we revisited many of the reactions Diethard pioneered and studied them in more detail. We found nonstatistical behavior, both competition and noncompetition between multiple channels. New channels were found as hydration occurred, with more solution-like behavior occurring as only a few ligands were added. Temperature-dependent studies revealed details that were not observable at room temperature. These and other highlights will be discussed. In metal cation reactions, Diethard's use of an inductively coupled ion source allowed him to systematically study the periodic table of elements with a number of simple neutrals. We have taken the most interesting of these and studied them in greater detail. In doing so, we were able to identify curve crossing rates, in a few instances information about product states, and the importance of multiple entrance channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Shaun G Ard
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Nicholas S Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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6
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Khan SN, Miliordos E. Electronic Structure of RhO 2+, Its Ammoniated Complexes (NH 3) 1-5RhO 2+, and Mechanistic Exploration of CH 4 Activation by Them. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16111-16119. [PMID: 34637614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-level electronic structure calculations are initially performed to investigate the electronic structure of RhO2+. The construction of potential energy curves for the ground and low-lying excited states allowed the calculation of spectroscopic constants, including harmonic and anharmonic vibrational frequencies, bond lengths, spin-orbit constants, and excitation energies. The equilibrium electronic configurations were used for the interpretation of the chemical bonding. We further monitored how the Rh-O bonding scheme changes with the gradual addition of ammonia ligands. The nature of this bond remains unaffected up to four ammonia ligands but adopts a different electronic configuration in the pseudo-octahedral geometry of (NH3)5RhO2+. This has consequences in the activation mechanism of the C-H bond of methane by these complexes, especially (NH3)4RhO2+. We show that the [2 + 2] mechanism in the (NH3)4RhO2+ case has a very low energy barrier comparable to that of a radical mechanism. We also demonstrate that methane can coordinate to the metal in a similar fashion to ammonia and that knowledge of the electronic structure of the pure ammonia complexes provides qualitative insights into the optimal reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar N Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Evangelos Miliordos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
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7
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Kaczmarek AM, Jena HS, Krishnaraj C, Rijckaert H, Veerapandian SKP, Meijerink A, Van Der Voort P. Luminescent Ratiometric Thermometers Based on a 4f-3d Grafted Covalent Organic Framework to Locally Measure Temperature Gradients During Catalytic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3727-3736. [PMID: 33170988 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), an emerging class of crystalline porous materials, are a new type of support for grafting lanthanide ions (Ln3+ ), which can be employed as ratiometric luminescent thermometers. In this work we have shown that COFs co-grafted with lanthanide ions (Eu3+ , Tb3+ ) and Cu2+ (or potentially other d-metals) can synchronously be employed both as a nanothermometer and catalyst during a chemical reaction. The performance of the thermometer could be tuned by changing the grafted d-metal and solvent environment. As a proof of principle, the Glaser coupling reaction was investigated. We show that temperature can be precisely measured during the course of the catalytic reaction using luminescence thermometry. This concept could be potentially easily extended to other catalytic reactions by grafting other d-metal ions on the Ln@COF platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kaczmarek
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Jena
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chidharth Krishnaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Savita K P Veerapandian
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Applied Physics, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, Utrecht 3584, CC, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Kaczmarek AM, Jena HS, Krishnaraj C, Rijckaert H, Veerapandian SKP, Meijerink A, Van Der Voort P. Luminescent Ratiometric Thermometers Based on a 4f–3d Grafted Covalent Organic Framework to Locally Measure Temperature Gradients During Catalytic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Kaczmarek
- Department of Chemistry Ghent University Krijgslaan 281-S3 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | | | - Hannes Rijckaert
- Department of Chemistry Ghent University Krijgslaan 281-S3 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Savita K. P. Veerapandian
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Applied Physics Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Princetonplein 1 Utrecht 3584 CC The Netherlands
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9
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Barona M, Gaggioli CA, Gagliardi L, Snurr RQ. DFT Study on the Catalytic Activity of ALD-Grown Diiron Oxide Nanoclusters for Partial Oxidation of Methane to Methanol. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1580-1592. [PMID: 32017850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using density functional theory (DFT), we studied the catalytic activity of iron oxide nanoclusters that mimic the structure of the active site in the soluble form of methane monooxygenase (sMMO) for the partial oxidation of methane to methanol. Using N2O as the oxidant, we consider a radical-rebound mechanism and a concerted mechanism for the oxidation of methane on either a bridging oxygen (Ob) or a terminal oxygen (Ot) active site. We find that the radical-rebound pathway is preferred over the concerted pathway by 40-50 kJ/mol, but the desorption of methanol and the regeneration of the oxygen site are found to be the highest barriers for the direct conversion of methane to methanol with these catalysts. As demonstrated by a population analysis, the Ox (x = b or t) site behaves as an oxygen radical during the H abstraction, and the [Fe+-Ox-] site behaves as a Lewis acid-base pair during the concerted C-H cleavage. Molecular orbital decomposition analysis further demonstrates electron transfer during the oxidation and reduction steps of the reaction. High-level multireference calculations were also carried out to further assess the DFT results. Understanding how these systems behave during the proposed reaction pathways provides new insights into how they can be tuned for methane partial oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Barona
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Carlo Alberto Gaggioli
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Randall Q Snurr
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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10
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Hori Y, Abe T, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K. Mechanistic Insights into Methane Oxidation by Molecular Oxygen under Photoirradiation: Controlled Radical Chain Reactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hori
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Abe
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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11
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Sweeny BC, Pan H, Ard SG, Shuman NS, Viggiano AA. On the Role of Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) in Thermal Activation of Methane by MnO+: Entropy vs. Energy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The temperature dependent kinetics and product branching fractions of first-row transition metal oxide cation MnO+ with CH4 and CD4 at temperatures between 200 and 600 K are measured using a selected-ion flow tube apparatus. Likely reaction mechanisms are determined by comparison of temperature dependent kinetics to statistical modeling along calculated reaction coordinates. The data is well-modeled with the reaction proceeding over a rate limiting four-centered transition state leading to an insertion intermediate, similar to reactions of NiO+ and FeO+, and showing characteristics of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET). However, a more direct pathway traversing a transition state of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) character to a hydroxyl intermediate is found to possibly be competitive, especially with increasing temperature. While uncertainties in calculated energetics limit quantitative assessment of the role of HAT at thermal energies, it is clear that this mechanism becomes increasingly prevalent in higher energy regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C. Sweeny
- NRC postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Hanqing Pan
- USRA Space Scholar at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Shaun G. Ard
- Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College , Boston, MA 02467 , USA
| | - Nicholas S. Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Albert A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
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12
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Sun X, Zhou S, Yue L, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. On the Origin of the Distinctly Different Reactivity of Ruthenium in [MO]+
/CH4
Systems (M=Fe, Ru, Os). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Lei Yue
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
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13
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Sun X, Zhou S, Yue L, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Über die Ursachen der deutlich unterschiedlichen Reaktivität von Ruthenium unter den [MO]+
/CH4
-Systemen (M=Fe, Ru, Os). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou V.R. China
| | - Lei Yue
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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14
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Ariyarathna IR, Miliordos E. Ab initio investigation of the ground and excited states of MoO+,2+,− and their catalytic strength on water activation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12278-12287. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01676c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ground and excited states of the titled molybdenum oxides and their reaction with water were studied with high level quantum chemical methodologies.
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15
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Zhang J. Origins of the enantioselectivity of a palladium catalyst with BINOL–phosphoric acid ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:8064-8071. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02271b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselectivity of the studied C–H activation is related to the Brønsted acidity and isopropyl groups of the effective catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
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16
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Gani TZH, Kulik HJ. Unifying Exchange Sensitivity in Transition-Metal Spin-State Ordering and Catalysis through Bond Valence Metrics. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:5443-5457. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry Z. H. Gani
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J. Kulik
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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