1
|
Macario A, López JC, Blanco S. Molecular Structure of Salicylic Acid and Its Hydrates: A Rotational Spectroscopy Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4074. [PMID: 38612884 PMCID: PMC11012204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a study of salicylic acid and its hydrates, with up to four water molecules, done by employing chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. We employed the spectral data set of the parent, 13C, and 2H isotopologues to determine the molecular structure and characterize the intra- and intermolecular interactions of salicylic acid and its monohydrate. Complementary theoretical calculations were done to support the analysis of the experimental results. For the monomer, we analyzed structural properties, such as the angular-group-induced bond alternation (AGIBA) effect. In the microsolvates, we analyzed their main structural features dominated by the interaction of water with the carboxylic acid group. This work contributes to seeding information on how water molecules accumulate around this group. Moreover, we discussed the role of cooperative effects further stabilizing the observed inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Macario
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.); (J.C.L.)
- Département de Physique Moléculaire, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes), CNRS-UMP 6251, Université de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Juan Carlos López
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.); (J.C.L.)
| | - Susana Blanco
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.); (J.C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khemissi S, Schwell M, Kleiner I, Nguyen HVL. Approaching the free rotor limit: extremely low methyl torsional barrier observed in the microwave spectrum of 2,4-dimethylfluorobenzene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:402-411. [PMID: 38078469 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04748b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The microwave spectrum of 2,4-dimethylfluorobenzene was recorded using a molecular jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer in the frequency range from 2.0 to 26.5 GHz. The spectral assignment and modeling were challenging due to the large tunnelling splittings resulting from the very low barrier to internal rotation of the p-methyl group that approaches the free rotor limit. Internal rotation splittings arising from two inequivalent o- and p-methyl groups were observed, analysed and modelled using the modified version of the XIAM code and the BELGI-Cs-2Tops code, giving a root-mean-square deviation of 549.1 kHz and 4.5 kHz, respectively, for a data set of 885 rotational lines. The torsional barriers of the o- and p-methyl groups were determined to be 227.039(51) cm-1 and 3.23(40) cm-1, respectively. The V3 barrier observed for the p-methyl group is lower than in any other para-methyl substituted toluene derivatives with coupled internal rotations, becoming the lowest value ever observed to date. The barrier to internal rotation of the o-methyl group next to a fluorine atom is consistently around 220 cm-1, as confirmed by comparing it to barriers observed in other toluene derivatives. The experimental rotational constants were compared to those obtained by quantum chemical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Khemissi
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France.
| | - Martin Schwell
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France.
| | - Isabelle Kleiner
- Université Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Ha Vinh Lam Nguyen
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Wang X, Zhang X, Chen J, Wang H, Tian X, Xu X, Gou Q. Stepwise hydrations of anhydride tuned by hydrogen bonds: rotational study on maleic anhydride-(H 2O) 1-3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4611-4616. [PMID: 36723184 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05861h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The rotational spectra of maleic anhydride-(H2O)1-3 have been investigated for the first time by using pulsed jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy with complementary computational analyses. The experimental evidence points out that water tends to self-aggregate with hydrogen bonds and form homodromic cycles. Differences in bond lengths and charge distribution between the two carbonyl sites have been observed upon stepwise hydrations, which might further introduce a selectivity on the nucleophilic attack sites of hydrolysis. This study provides an important insight into the incipient solvation process (microsolvation) of maleic anhydride in water by understanding the cooperation and rearrangement of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in its stepwise hydrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Junhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiao Tian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuefang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qian Gou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Al-Jabiri MH, Hazrah AS, Jäger W. Conformers of Vanillic Acid and Its Monohydrate: A Rotational Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6686-6694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad H. Al-Jabiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Arsh S. Hazrah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Jäger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The LAM of the Rings: Large Amplitude Motions in Aromatic Molecules Studied by Microwave Spectroscopy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123948. [PMID: 35745072 PMCID: PMC9230607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Large amplitude motions (LAMs) form a fundamental phenomenon that demands the development of specific theoretical and Hamiltonian models. In recent years, along with the strong progress in instrumental techniques on high-resolution microwave spectroscopy and computational capacity in quantum chemistry, studies on LAMs have become very diverse. Larger and more complex molecular systems have been taken under investigation, ranging from series of heteroaromatic molecules from five- and six-membered rings to polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon derivatives. Such systems are ideally suited to create families of molecules in which the positions and the number of LAMs can be varied, while the heteroatoms often provide a sufficient dipole moment to the systems to warrant the observation of their rotational spectra. This review will summarize three types of LAMs: internal rotation, inversion tunneling, and ring puckering, which are frequently observed in aromatic five-membered rings such as furan, thiophene, pyrrole, thiazole, and oxazole derivatives, in aromatic six-membered rings such as benzene, pyridine, and pyrimidine derivatives, and larger combined rings such as naphthalene, indole, and indan derivatives. For each molecular class, we will present the representatives and summarize the recent insights on the molecular structure and internal dynamics and how they help to advance the field of quantum mechanics.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun W, Kleiner I, Senftleben A, Schnell M. Internal dynamics of methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide in the gas phase: Rotational spectroscopy and theoretical studies. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:154304. [PMID: 35459312 DOI: 10.1063/5.0083534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A pure rotational spectrum of methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide (MTSO) was studied using chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the frequency range of 18-26 GHz. A single conformer was unambiguously observed in the supersonic jet expansion, which is consistent with the conformational analysis performed using quantum-chemical calculations. Rotational transitions were split into two components of A and E symmetries due to the low-barrier internal rotation of the ring methyl group [V3 = 11.0178(23) cm-1]. The low energy barrier for the methyl top internal rotation implies an electron-withdrawing effect of the group at the opposite side of the phenyl ring, in comparison with other para-substituted toluenes. The effective ground state (r0) geometry was derived using the rotational constants from the parent species and the 34S and eight 13C singly substituted isotopologues. Compared to two other sulfoxides, methyl phenyl sulfoxide and methyl 4-nitrophenyl sulfoxide, the sulfoxide group in MTSO is slightly more twisted with respect to the plane of the phenyl ring, which could be attributed to the moderate electron-donating effect of the p-methyl group. Furthermore, the pyramidal inversion that interconverts the handedness at the sulfur stereogenic center was explored in the electronic ground (S0) and excited (S1) states with nudged elastic band and time-dependent density functional theory methods. It was found that the pyramidal inversion in S1 is easier than in S0, showing that optical excitation to S1 will facilitate an effectively barrier-free inversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Sun
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kleiner
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), CNRS UMR 7583, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Arne Senftleben
- Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Melanie Schnell
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khemissi S, Schwell M, Kleiner I, Nguyen HVL. Influence of π-electron conjugation outside the aromatic ring on the methyl internal rotation of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2052372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Khemissi
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, Créteil, France
| | - Martin Schwell
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, Créteil, France
| | - Isabelle Kleiner
- Université Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, Paris, France
| | - Ha Vinh Lam Nguyen
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, Créteil, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nair KPR, Herbers S, Grabow JU, Nguyen HVL. Neighborhood matters: Steric effects on methyl internal rotation and chlorine nuclear quadrupole coupling in 2-fluoro-4-chlorotoluene. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Xie F, Mahendiran S, Seifert NA, Xu Y. Modifying conformational distribution of chiral tetrahydro-2-furoic acid through its interaction with water: a rotational spectroscopic and theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3820-3825. [PMID: 33533340 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06265k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rotational spectrum of a binary complex formed between tetrahydro-2-furoic acid (THFA) and water was measured using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. A comprehensive theoretical conformational search procedure was carried out using CREST, a conformational searching tool, and DFT calculations to aid the spectral assignment and interpretation. The final conformer ensemble is classified into two structural groups: Type 1 conformers showing a classic carboxylic acid monohydrate structure with two strong hydrogen-bonds formed between the COOH group of cis-THFA and water, and the much less stable Type 2 conformers with trans-THFA and weaker intermolecular interactions with water. The 'cis-' and 'trans-' labels refer to the configurations where the carboxylic C[double bond, length as m-dash]O and OH functional groups are on the same or opposite side, respectively. Only the two most stable Type 2 conformers containing trans-THFA I and II were observed experimentally in a neon jet expansion with an abundance ratio of 1 : 1. This relative abundance observation differs greatly from that of the THFA monomer, i.e. with trans-THFA I : trans-THFA II : cis-THFA III of 10 : 1 : 1 in a neon jet expansion, reported previously. The observation indicates a kinetically controlled formation process of different types of the monohydrates in a jet expansion, whereas a thermodynamically controlled process dominates within each type of structures. The relative stability of the THFA ring conformations is altered by interaction with water, showing a noticeable water induced conformational preference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xie
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | | | - Nathan A Seifert
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Structural, spectroscopic insights, and antimicrobial properties of mononuclear and dinuclear metal(II) carboxylate derivatives with metronidazole. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Herbers S, Fritz SM, Mishra P, Nguyen HVL, Zwier TS. Local and global approaches to treat the torsional barriers of 4-methylacetophenone using microwave spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074301. [PMID: 32087663 DOI: 10.1063/1.5142401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Herbers
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sean M. Fritz
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Piyush Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Ha Vinh Lam Nguyen
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), CNRS UMR 7583, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Université de Paris, Institute Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil, France
| | - Timothy S. Zwier
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gao J, Seifert NA, Jäger W. A microwave spectroscopic and ab initio study of keto–enol tautomerism and isomerism in the cyclohexanone–water complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12872-12880. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01999e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental structure and keto–enol conversion barrier of cyclohexanone–water from microwave spectroscopy and ab initio calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | | | - Wolfgang Jäger
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|