1
|
Liu Y, Wang G, Zhao Y. Direct observation on argon tagging nitrobenzene radical anion in gas phase: Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and theoretical calculation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 294:122482. [PMID: 36841135 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The infrared photodissociation spectroscopy was applied to characterize nitrobenzene radical anion (NB-). NB- tagged by argon [NB(Ar)-] was prepared by a mixture of nitrobenzene/Ar through a supersonic ion source and then selected by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Eight strong peaks observed at 977.9, 999.6, 1059.8, 1275.7, 1309.7, 1339.7, 1367.6 and 1581.7 cm-1 in the fingerprint region were assigned to NB(Ar)-, corresponding to CC bending, CC stretching, CC bending + symmetric O-N stretching vibration, antisymmetric O-N and CC stretching vibration, antisymmetric O-N stretching and CH rocking vibration, CC stretching + antisymmetric O-N stretching vibration, C-N stretching vibration, and symmetric CC stretching vibration. Most interestingly, the distinguishable CH stretching vibrations were observed at 3006.5, 3048.6 and 3084.5 cm-1 absorptions. Combined with density functional theoretical (DFT) calculation, five tagging argon NB- isomers were optimized and analyzed with no imaginary frequency. The results indicated that most bond lengths in NB- become longer than those of neutral NB, except for the C1-C2/C4-C5 bonds, which are only slightly shorter than those of neutral NB, and the C-N bond, which is 0.085 A shorter in the anion. The NB- tagged by argon located on the nitro group had no change on bond parameters with Ar-tagging or not theoretically. Natural population analysis (NPA) show that the negative natural charges are mainly distributed on both oxygen atoms. And the one electron resonates between the nitro group and benzene ring. N-O bonds in NB- become much more polar than those of the neutral NB. This paper proved the usefulness to characterize NB(Ar)- and further explore the structures of NBn- (n > 1) clusters by infrared photodissociation spectroscopy combining with the time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yanying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin SY, Chou SL, Tseng CM, Wu YJ. IR absorption spectra of aniline cation, anilino radical, and phenylnitrene isolated in solid argon. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 276:121233. [PMID: 35405375 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electron bombardment of aniline (PhNH2) in an Ar matrix mainly generated the aniline cation (PhNH2+), anilino (PhNH) and phenyl (Ph) radicals, and phenylnitrene (PhN). Further irradiation of the electron-bombarded matrix sample at 365 nm depleted PhNH2+ and PhN, and resulted in the formation of PhNH2, PhNH, and Ph. In separate experiments, irradiation of the PhNH2/Ar matrix samples at 265 or 160 nm mainly generated PhNH and Ph radicals, but without the formation of PhNH2+ and PhN. According to the observed photochemical behaviors, quantum-chemically predicted harmonic vibrational wavenumbers of each species, and the information reported in previous photodissociation studies, we unambiguously characterized the IR features of the aromatic species. The information of the vibrational fundamentals of PhNH is new and the formation mechanism is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Lung Chou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jong Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan; National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Hadki H, Gámez VG, Dalbouha S, Marakchi K, Kabbaj OK, Komiha N, Carvajal M, Senent Diez ML. Theoretical spectroscopic study of acetyl (CH 3CO), vinoxy (CH 2CHO), and 1-methylvinoxy (CH 3COCH 2) radicals. Barrierless formation processes of acetone in the gas phase. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2022; 1:116. [PMID: 37645120 PMCID: PMC10445905 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.14073.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Acetone is present in the earth´s atmosphere and extra-terrestrially. The knowledge of its chemical history in these environments represents a challenge with important implications for global tropospheric chemistry and astrochemistry. The results of a search for efficient barrierless pathways producing acetone from radicals in the gas phase are described in this paper. The spectroscopic properties of radicals needed for their experimental detection are provided. Methods: The reactants were acetone fragments of low stability and small species containing C, O and H atoms. Two exergonic bimolecular addition reactions involving the radicals CH 3, CH 3CO, and CH 3COCH 2, were found to be competitive according to the kinetic rates calculated at different temperatures. An extensive spectroscopic study of the radicals CH 3COCH 2 and CH 3CO, as well as the CH 2CHO isomer, was performed. Rovibrational parameters, anharmonic vibrational transitions, and excitations to the low-lying excited states are provided. For this purpose, RCCSD(T)-F12 and MRCI/CASSCF calculations were performed. In addition, since all the species presented non-rigid properties, a variational procedure of reduced dimensionality was employed to explore the far infrared region. Results: The internal rotation barriers were determined to be V 3=143.7 cm -1 (CH 3CO), V 2=3838.7 cm -1 (CH 2CHO) and V 3=161.4 cm -1 and V 2=2727.5 cm -1 (CH 3COCH 2).The splitting of the ground vibrational state due to the torsional barrier have been computed to be 2.997 cm -1, 0.0 cm -1, and 0.320 cm -1, for CH 3CO, CH 2CHO, and CH 3COCH 2, respectively. Conclusions: Two addition reactions, H+CH 3COCH 2 and CH 3+CH 3CO, could be considered barrierless formation processes of acetone after considering all the possible formation routes, starting from 58 selected reactants, which are fragments of the molecule. The spectroscopic study of the radicals involved in the formation processes present non-rigidity. The interconversion of their equilibrium geometries has important spectroscopic effects on CH 3CO and CH 3COCH 2, but is negligible for CH 2CHO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza El Hadki
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, LS3MN2E/CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, BP1014, Morocco
| | - Victoria Guadalupe Gámez
- Departamento de Química y Física Teóricas, IEM-CSIC, Unidad Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Samira Dalbouha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, LS3MN2E/CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, BP1014, Morocco
- Equipe de recherche : Matériaux et Applications Environnementales, Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Environnement, Département de chimie, Faculté des Sciences d’Agadir, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, B.P 8106, Morocco
| | - Khadija Marakchi
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, LS3MN2E/CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, BP1014, Morocco
| | - Oum Keltoum Kabbaj
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, LS3MN2E/CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, BP1014, Morocco
| | - Najia Komiha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, LS3MN2E/CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, BP1014, Morocco
| | - Miguel Carvajal
- Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física, Matemática y Computación; Unidad Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, 21071, Spain
- Instituto Universitario Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Senent Diez
- Departamento de Química y Física Teóricas, IEM-CSIC, Unidad Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Madrid, 28006, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chou S, Lin S, Chen H, Wu Y. Infrared absorption spectra of phenoxide anions isolated in solid argon. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng‐Lung Chou
- Scientific Research Division National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Shu‐Yu Lin
- Scientific Research Division National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Hui‐Fen Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Jong Wu
- Scientific Research Division National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chou SL, Lin SY, Lin MY, Wu YJ. IR absorption spectra of hexafluorobenzene anions and pentafluorophenyl radicals in solid argon. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119524. [PMID: 33582441 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluorobenzene anions (HFB-) and pentafluorophenyl radicals (PFP) were generated by the electron bombardment of a HFB/Ar sample during matrix deposition. Further irradiation of the matrix sample at 365 nm detached the electron from HFB- and produced its neutral counterpart HFB in solid Ar. Secondary photolysis of the matrix sample at 160 nm destroyed HFB and generated HFB- and PFP. In a separate experiment, the photolysis of the HFB/Ar matrix at 160 nm produced PFP, Dewar-C6F6, and various neutral fluorocarbon species, but without the production of HFB-. The infrared (IR) lines of HFB- and PFP were assigned on the basis of the observed photochemical behaviors, as well as by comparing the predictions of the vibrational wavenumbers with the corresponding IR intensities and the relative stabilities of the related species predicted via the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lung Chou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yeh Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jong Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|