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Seliya P, Bonn M, Grechko M. On selection rules in two-dimensional terahertz-infrared-visible spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034201. [PMID: 38230809 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional terahertz-infrared-visible (2D TIRV) spectroscopy directly measures the coupling between quantum high-frequency vibrations and classical low-frequency modes of molecular motion. In addition to coupling strength, the signal intensity in 2D TIRV spectroscopy can also depend on the selection rules of the excited transitions. Here, we explore the selection rules in 2D TIRV spectroscopy by studying the coupling between the high-frequency CH3 stretching and low-frequency vibrations of liquid dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Different excitation pathways are addressed using variations in laser pulse timing and different polarizations of exciting pulses and detected signals. The DMSO signals generated via different excitation pathways can be readily distinguished in the spectrum. The intensities of different excitation pathways vary unequally with changes in polarization. We explain how this difference stems from the intensities of polarized and depolarized Raman and hyper-Raman spectra of high-frequency modes. These results apply to various systems and will help design and interpret new 2D TIRV spectroscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Seliya
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maksim Grechko
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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Begušić T, Blake GA. Two-dimensional infrared-Raman spectroscopy as a probe of water's tetrahedrality. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1950. [PMID: 37029146 PMCID: PMC10082090 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional spectroscopic techniques combining terahertz (THz), infrared (IR), and visible pulses offer a wealth of information about coupling among vibrational modes in molecular liquids, thus providing a promising probe of their local structure. However, the capabilities of these spectroscopies are still largely unexplored due to experimental limitations and inherently weak nonlinear signals. Here, through a combination of equilibrium-nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) and a tailored spectrum decomposition scheme, we identify a relationship between the tetrahedral order of liquid water and its two-dimensional IR-IR-Raman (IIR) spectrum. The structure-spectrum relationship can explain the temperature dependence of the spectral features corresponding to the anharmonic coupling between low-frequency intermolecular and high-frequency intramolecular vibrational modes of water. In light of these results, we propose new experiments and discuss the implications for the study of tetrahedrality of liquid water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Begušić
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| | - Geoffrey A Blake
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
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Sertcan B, Mousavi SJ, Iannuzzi M, Hamm P. Low-frequency anharmonic couplings in crystalline bromoform: Theory. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:014203. [PMID: 36610974 DOI: 10.1063/5.0134278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical calculations of the low-frequency anharmonic couplings of the β-phase of crystalline bromoform are presented based on density functional theory quantum chemistry calculations. The electrical and mechanical anharmonicities between intra- and intermolecular modes are calculated, revealing that the electrical anharmonicity dominates the cross-peak intensities in the 2D Raman-THz response and crystalline, as well as liquid, bromoform. Furthermore, the experimentally observed difference in relative cross-peak intensities between the two intramolecular modes of bromoform and the intermolecular modes can be explained by the C3v-symmetry of bromoform in combination with orientational averaging. The good agreement with the experimental results provides further evidence for our interpretation that the 2D Raman-THz response of bromoform is, indeed, related to the anharmonic coupling between the intra- and intermolecular modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beliz Sertcan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seyyed Jabbar Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Lin HW, Mead G, Blake GA. Mapping LiNbO_{3} Phonon-Polariton Nonlinearities with 2D THz-THz-Raman Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:207401. [PMID: 36461997 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.207401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional terahertz-terahertz-Raman spectroscopy can provide insight into the anharmonicities of low-energy phonon modes-knowledge of which can help develop strategies for coherent control of material properties. Measurements on LiNbO_{3} reveal THz and Raman nonlinear transitions between the E(TO_{1}) and E(TO_{3}) phonon polaritons. Distinct coherence pathways are observed with different THz polarizations. The observed pathways suggest that the origin of the third-order nonlinear responses is due to mechanical anharmonicities, as opposed to electronic anharmonicities. Further, we confirm that the E(TO_{1}) and E(TO_{3}) phonon polaritons are excited through resonant one-photon THz excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haw-Wei Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Griffin Mead
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Blake
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Begušić T, Tao X, Blake GA, Miller TF. Equilibrium-nonequilibrium ring-polymer molecular dynamics for nonlinear spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:131102. [PMID: 35395895 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional Raman and hybrid terahertz-Raman spectroscopic techniques provide invaluable insight into molecular structures and dynamics of condensed-phase systems. However, corroborating experimental results with theory is difficult due to the high computational cost of incorporating quantum-mechanical effects in the simulations. Here, we present the equilibrium-nonequilibrium ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD), a practical computational method that can account for nuclear quantum effects on the two-time response function of nonlinear optical spectroscopy. Unlike a recently developed approach based on the double Kubo transformed (DKT) correlation function, our method is exact in the classical limit, where it reduces to the established equilibrium-nonequilibrium classical molecular dynamics method. Using benchmark model calculations, we demonstrate the advantages of the equilibrium-nonequilibrium RPMD over classical and DKT-based approaches. Importantly, its derivation, which is based on the nonequilibrium RPMD, obviates the need for identifying an appropriate Kubo transformed correlation function and paves the way for applying real-time path-integral techniques to multidimensional spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Begušić
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Xuecheng Tao
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Blake
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Thomas F Miller
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Karnes JJ, Benjamin I. Deconstructing the Local Intermolecular Ordering and Dynamics of Liquid Chloroform and Bromoform. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:3629-3637. [PMID: 33792320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Local intermolecular structure and dynamics of the polar molecular liquids chloroform and bromoform are studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Structural distribution functions, including 1- and 2-D pair correlations and dipole contour plots allow direct comparison and show agreement with recent analyses of diffraction experiments. Studies of the haloforms' reorientational dynamics and longevity of structural features resulting from intermolecular interaction extend previous work toward deeper understanding of the factors controlling these features. Analyses of ensemble average structures and dynamical properties isolate mass, electrostatics, and steric packing as driving forces or contributing factors for the observed ordering and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Karnes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Ilan Benjamin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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Shalit A, Mousavi SJ, Hamm P. 2D Raman–THz Spectroscopy of Binary CHBr3–MeOH Solvent Mixture. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:581-586. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shalit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. J. Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P. Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Mead G, Lin HW, Magdău IB, Miller TF, Blake GA. Sum-Frequency Signals in 2D-Terahertz-Terahertz-Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:8904-8908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Mead
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Haw-Wei Lin
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ioan-Bogdan Magdău
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Thomas F. Miller
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Geoffrey A. Blake
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Sidler D, Hamm P. A Feynman diagram description of the 2D-Raman-THz response of amorphous ice. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044502. [PMID: 32752676 DOI: 10.1063/5.0018485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2D-Raman-THz response in all possible time-orderings (Raman-THz-THz, THz-Raman-THz, and THz-THz-Raman) of amorphous water ice is calculated in two ways: from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and with the help of a Feynman diagram model, the latter of which power-expands the potential energy surface and the dipole and polarizability surfaces up to leading order. Comparing both results allows one to dissect the 2D-Raman-THz response into contributions from mechanical anharmonicity, as well as electrical dipole and polarizability anharmonicities. Mechanical anharmonicity dominates the 2D-Raman-THz response of the hydrogen-bond stretching and hydrogen-bond bending bands of water, and dipole anharmonicity dominates that of the librational band, while the contribution of polarizability anharmonicity is comparably weak. A distinct echo of the hydrogen-bond stretching band is observed for the THz-Raman-THz pulse sequence, again dominated by mechanical anharmonicity. A peculiar mechanism is discussed, which is based on the coupling between the many normal modes within the hydrogen-bond stretching band and which will inevitably generate such an echo for an amorphous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sidler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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