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Oliveira KB, de Souza FMA, de Sá LBM, Pacheco ALD, Prado MR, de Sousa Rodrigues CF, Bassi ÊJ, Santana-Melo I, Silva-Júnior A, Sabino-Silva R, Shetty AK, de Castro OW. Potential Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19-Mediated Central and Peripheral Demyelination: Roles of the RAAS and ADAM-17. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04329-8. [PMID: 38965171 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Demyelination is among the most conspicuous neurological sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in both the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms underlying demyelination in COVID-19. However, none have considered the SARS-CoV-2's effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Therefore, our objective in this review is to evaluate how RAAS imbalance, caused by direct and indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, could contribute to myelin loss in the PNS and CNS. In the PNS, we propose that demyelination transpires from two significant changes induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which include upregulation of ADAM-17 and induction of lymphopenia. Whereas, in the CNS, demyelination could result from RAAS imbalance triggering two alterations: (1) a decrease in angiotensin type II receptor (AT2R) activity, responsible for restraining defense cells' action on myelin; (2) upregulation of ADAM-17 activity, leading to impaired maturation of oligodendrocytes and myelin formation. Thus, we hypothesize that increased ADAM-17 activity and decreased AT2R activity play roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection-mediated demyelination in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellysson Bruno Oliveira
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Araujo de Souza
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Letícia Barros Maurício de Sá
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Amanda Larissa Dias Pacheco
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Mariana Reis Prado
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Célio Fernando de Sousa Rodrigues
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Ênio José Bassi
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Igor Santana-Melo
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Abelardo Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Robinson Sabino-Silva
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Olagide Wagner de Castro
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP, 57072-970, Brazil.
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Li J, Wu G, Li W, Zhou X, Li W, Xu X, Xu K, Cao R, Cui S. Plasma exosomes improve peripheral neuropathy via miR-20b-3p/Stat3 in type I diabetic rats. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:447. [PMID: 38001489 PMCID: PMC10675980 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and the main cause of non-traumatic amputation, with no ideal treatment. Multiple cell-derived exosomes have been reported to improve the progression of DPN. Blood therapy is thought to have a powerful repairing effect. However, whether it could also improve DPN remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, we found that microRNA (miRNA) expression in plasma-derived exosomes of healthy rats (hplasma-exos) was significantly different from that of age-matched DPN rats. By injection of hplasma-exos into DPN rats, the mechanical sensitivity of DPN rats was decreased, the thermal sensitivity and motor ability were increased, and the nerve conduction speed was accelerated. Histological analysis showed myelin regeneration of the sciatic nerve, increased intraepidermal nerve fibers, distal local blood perfusion, and enhanced neuromuscular junction and muscle spindle innervation after hplasma-exos administration. Compared with plasma exosomes in DPN, miR-20b-3p was specifically enriched in exosomes of healthy plasma and was found to be re-upregulated in the sciatic nerve of DPN rats after hplasma-exos treatment. Moreover, miR-20b-3p agomir improved DPN symptoms to a level similar to hplasma-exos, both of which also alleviated autophagy impairment induced by high glucose in Schwann cells. Mechanistic studies found that miR-20b-3p targeted Stat3 and consequently reduced the amount of p-Stat3, which then negatively regulated autophagy processes and contributed to DPN improvement. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that miRNA of plasma exosomes was different between DPN and age-matched healthy rats. MiR-20b-3p was enriched in hplasma-exos, and both of them could alleviated DPN symptoms. MiR-20b-3p regulated autophagy of Schwann cells in pathological states by targeting Stat3 and thereby inhibited the progression of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Guangzhi Wu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Weiye Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Xiongyao Zhou
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Xiong Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Rangjuan Cao
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Shusen Cui
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Lu K, Fang B, Liu Y, Xu F, Zhou C, Wang L, Chen L, Huang L. Metabolomics Analysis of DRG and Serum in the CCI Model of Mice. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1224. [PMID: 37626580 PMCID: PMC10452726 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic and intractable disease that is widely present in the general population. It causes painful behavior and even mood changes such as anxiety and depression by altering the metabolism of substances. However, there have been limited metabolomics studies conducted in relation to neuropathic pain. Therefore, in this study, the effects of NP on metabolites in serum and the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were investigated using a non-targeted metabolomics approach detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to uncover differential metabolites and affected metabolic pathways associated with NP. Sixty mice were divided into the following two groups: a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve group and a sham group (n = 30, each). After 7 days of CCI modeling, the metabolite profiles of serum and the DRG were analyzed using GC/LC-MS for both the CCI and sham groups of mice. Multivariate analysis revealed differential metabolites and altered metabolic pathways between the CCI and sham groups. In the CCI group, our findings provided insights into the complex phospholipid, amino acid and acylcarnitine metabolic perturbations of DRG metabolism. In addition, phospholipid metabolic disorders and impaired glucose metabolism were observed in the serum. Moreover, the metabolic differences in the DRG and serum were correlated with each other. The results from this untargeted metabolomics study provide a perspective on the metabolic impact of NP on serum and the DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China;
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Fangxia Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Chengcheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Lianhua Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China;
| | - Lina Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
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Sen CK, Roy S, Khanna S. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Foot Ulcer: One of a Kind. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023. [PMID: 35850520 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) associated with a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is likely to be complicated with critical factors such as biofilm infection and compromised skin barrier function of the diabetic skin. Repaired skin with a history of biofilm infection is known to be compromised in barrier function. Loss of barrier function is also observed in the oxidative stress affected diabetic and aged skin. Recent Advances: Loss of barrier function makes the skin prone to biofilm infection and cellulitis, which contributes to chronic inflammation and vasculopathy. Hyperglycemia favors biofilm formation as glucose lowering led to reduction in biofilm development. While vasculopathy limits oxygen supply, the O2 cost of inflammation is high increasing hypoxia severity. Critical Issues: The host nervous system can be inhabited by bacteria. Because electrical impulses are a part of microbial physiology, polymicrobial colonization of the host's neural circuit is likely to influence transmission of action potential. The identification of perineural apatite in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy suggests bacterial involvement. DPN starts in both feet at the same time. Future Directions: Pair-matched studies of DPN in the foot affected with DFU (i.e., DFU-DPN) compared with DPN in the without ulcer, and intact skin barrier function, are likely to provide critical insight that would help inform effective care strategies. This review characterizes DFU-DPN from a translational science point of view presenting a new paradigm that recognizes the current literature in the context of factors that are unique to DFU-DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan K Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Savita Khanna
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Hsieh MK, Yu Y, Klauda JB. All-Atom Modeling of Complex Cellular Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3-17. [PMID: 34962814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell membranes are composed of a variety of lipids and proteins where they interact with each other to fulfill their roles. The first step in modeling these interactions in molecular simulations is to have reliable mimetics of the membrane's lipid environment. This Feature Article presents our recent efforts to model complex cellular membranes using all-atom force fields. A short review of the CHARMM36 (C36) lipid force field and its recent update to incorporate the long-range dispersion is presented. Key examples of model membranes mimicking various species and organelles are given. These include single-celled organisms such as bacteria (E. coli., chlamydia, and P. aeruginosa) and yeast (plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and trans-Golgi network) and more advanced ones such as plants (soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana) and mammals (ocular lens, stratum corneum, and peripheral nerve myelin). Leaflet asymmetry in composition has also been applied to some of these models. With the increased lipid diversity in the C36 lipid FF, these complex models can better reflect the structural, mechanical, and dynamic properties of realistic membranes and open an opportunity to study biological processes involving other molecules.
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