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Scheuing DR. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in surfactant science: A personal view. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kováčik A, Pullmannová P, Pavlíková L, Maixner J, Vávrová K. Behavior of 1-Deoxy-, 3-Deoxy- and N-Methyl-Ceramides in Skin Barrier Lipid Models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3832. [PMID: 32123227 PMCID: PMC7051948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides (Cer) are essential components of the skin permeability barrier. To probe the role of Cer polar head groups involved in the interfacial hydrogen bonding, the N-lignoceroyl sphingosine polar head was modified by removing the hydroxyls in C-1 (1-deoxy-Cer) or C-3 positions (3-deoxy-Cer) and by N-methylation of amide group (N-Me-Cer). Multilamellar skin lipid models were prepared as equimolar mixtures of Cer, lignoceric acid and cholesterol, with 5 wt% cholesteryl sulfate. In the 1-deoxy-Cer-based models, the lipid species were separated into highly ordered domains (as found by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy) resulting in similar water loss but 4–5-fold higher permeability to model substances compared to control with natural Cer. In contrast, 3-deoxy-Cer did not change lipid chain order but promoted the formation of a well-organized structure with a 10.8 nm repeat period. Yet both lipid models comprising deoxy-Cer had similar permeabilities to all markers. N-Methylation of Cer decreased lipid chain order, led to phase separation, and improved cholesterol miscibility in the lipid membranes, resulting in 3-fold increased water loss and 10-fold increased permeability to model compounds compared to control. Thus, the C-1 and C-3 hydroxyls and amide group, which are common to all Cer subclasses, considerably affect lipid miscibility and chain order, formation of periodical nanostructures, and permeability of the skin barrier lipid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Kováčik
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pullmannová
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Pavlíková
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Maixner
- University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vávrová
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Beddoes CM, Gooris GS, Bouwstra JA. Preferential arrangement of lipids in the long-periodicity phase of a stratum corneum matrix model. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2329-2338. [PMID: 30333154 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m087106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid matrix of the stratum corneum, the outermost skin layer, consists primarily of ceramides, cholesterol, and FFAs. These lipids form a trilayer long-periodicity phase (LPP) that is unique to this barrier. Knowledge about the LPP is essential in understanding the barrier function. Previous studies of LPP lipid models have identified the position of the major lipid classes and suggested that a large fraction of FFAs and the ceramide acyl chain are present in the central region. However, the precise arrangement, such as lipid subclass mixing (isolated or mixed) and ceramide conformation (extended or hairpin), remains unknown. Here, we deuterated FFAs and the ceramide acyl chain to study CD2 and CH2 interactions with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The ceramide and FFAs of various chain lengths were not in separate domains but had mixed together. The larger number of CD2-CD2 lipid chain interactions in the LPP than in a symmetrical bilayer structure implied that the ceramide had primarily adopted an extended conformation. Shorter FFAs were present in the central region of the LPP. This model explores the biophysical properties of the stratum corneum's LPP to improve the understanding of the barrier function of this layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Beddoes
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Gorlaeus Laboratories, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gert S Gooris
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Gorlaeus Laboratories, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joke A Bouwstra
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Gorlaeus Laboratories, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Podewitz M, Wang Y, Gkeka P, von Grafenstein S, Liedl KR, Cournia Z. Phase Diagram of a Stratum Corneum Lipid Mixture. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10505-10521. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Podewitz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paraskevi Gkeka
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Susanne von Grafenstein
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoe Cournia
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Stahlberg S, Eichner A, Sonnenberger S, Kováčik A, Lange S, Schmitt T, Demé B, Hauß T, Dobner B, Neubert RHH, Huster D. Influence of a Novel Dimeric Ceramide Molecule on the Nanostructure and Thermotropic Phase Behavior of a Stratum Corneum Model Mixture. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:9211-9221. [PMID: 28819979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the skin and is composed of a multilayered assembly of mostly ceramids (Cer), free fatty acids, cholesterol (Chol), and cholesterol sulfate (Chol-S). Because of the tight packing of these lipids, the SC features unique barrier properties defending the skin from environmental influences. Under pathological conditions, where the skin barrier function is compromised, topical application of molecules that rigidify the SC may lead to a restored barrier function. To this end, molecules are required that incorporate into the SC and bring back the original rigidity of the skin barrier. Here, we investigated the influence of a novel dimeric ceramide (dim-Cer) molecule designed to feature a long, rigid hydrocarbon chain ideally suited to forming an orthorhombic lipid phase. The influence of this molecules on the thermotropic phase behavior of a SC mixture consisting of Cer[AP18] (55 wt %), cholesterol (Chol, 25 wt %), steric acid (SA, 15 wt %), and cholesterol sulfate (Chol-S, 5 wt %) was studied using a combination of neutron diffraction and 2H NMR spectroscopy. These methods provide detailed insights into the packing properties of the lipids in the SC model mixture. Dim-Cer remains in an all-trans state of the membrane-spanning lipid chain at all investigated temperatures, but the influence on the phase behavior of the other lipids in the mixture is marginal. Biophysical experiments are complemented by permeability measurements in model membranes and human skin. The latter, however, indicates that dim-Cer only partially provides the desired effect on membrane permeability, necessitating further optimization of its structure for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Stahlberg
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adina Eichner
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefan Sonnenberger
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrej Kováčik
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Leipzig, Germany
- Skin Barrier Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Lange
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno Demé
- Institute Laue-Langevin (ILL) , Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Hauß
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Berlin, Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reinhard H H Neubert
- Institute of Pharmacy and #Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Leipzig, Germany
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Permeability and microstructure of model stratum corneum lipid membranes containing ceramides with long (C16) and very long (C24) acyl chains. Biophys Chem 2017; 224:20-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Stahlberg S, Lange S, Dobner B, Huster D. Probing the Role of Ceramide Headgroup Polarity in Short-Chain Model Skin Barrier Lipid Mixtures by ²H Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:2023-2031. [PMID: 26828109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The thermoptropic phase behaviors of two stratum corneum model lipid mixtures composed of equimolar contributions of either Cer[NS18] or Cer[NP18] with stearic acid and cholesterol were compared. Each component of the mixture was specifically deuterated such that the temperature-dependent (2)H NMR spectra allowed disentanglement of the complicated phase polymorphism of these lipid mixtures. While Cer[NS] is based on the sphingosine backbone, Cer[NP] features a phytosphingosine, which introduces an additional hydroxyl group into the headgroup of the ceramide and abolishes the double bond. From the NMR spectra, the individual contributions of all lipids to the respective phases could be determined. The comparison of the two lipid mixtures reveals that Cer[NP] containing mixtures have a tendency to form more fluid phases. It is concluded that the additional hydroxyl group of the phytosphingosine-containing ceramide Cer[NP18] in mixture with chain-matched stearic acid and cholesterol creates a packing defect that destabilizes the orthorhombic phase state of canonical SC mixtures. This steric clash favors the gel phase and promotes formation of fluid phases of Cer[NP] containing lipid mixtures at lower temperature compared to those containing Cer[NS18].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Stahlberg
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig , Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Lange
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig , Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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