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Komkova MA, Shavokshina VA, Zarochintsev AA, Melnik DM, Aparin IO, Zatsepin TS, Karyakin AA. Catalytically synthesized Prussian Blue nanozymes as labels for electrochemical DNA/RNA sensors. Talanta 2023; 257:124337. [PMID: 36796170 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose catalytically synthesized nanozymes based on Prussian Blue (PB) and azidomethyl-substituted poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (azidomethyl-PEDOT) as novel electrocatalytic labels for DNA/RNA sensors. Catalytic approach allowed to synthesize highly redox and electrocatalytically active Prussian Blue nanoparticles functionalized with azide groups that enable 'click' conjugation with alkyne-modified oligonucleotides. Both competitive and sandwich-type schemes were realized. As the sensor response the direct (mediator-free) electrocatalytic current of H2O2 reduction can be measured, which is proportional to the concentration of the hybridized labeled sequences. The current of H2O2 electrocatalytic reduction is only 3-8 times increased in the presence of the freely diffusing mediator catechol, which indicates high efficiency of direct electrocatalysis with the elaborated labels. Electrocatalytic amplification of the signal allows robust detection of (63-70)-base target sequences with concentrations below 0.2 nM in blood serum within an hour. We believe, the use of advanced Prussian Blue based electrocatalytic labels sets new avenues for point-of-care DNA/RNA sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Komkova
- Chemistry Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Vera A Shavokshina
- Chemistry Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander A Zarochintsev
- Chemistry Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Denis M Melnik
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30b1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Ilya O Aparin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30b1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Timofei S Zatsepin
- Chemistry Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Arkady A Karyakin
- Chemistry Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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2
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Gibalova A, Arndt NB, Burg L, Ravoo BJ. Light-Responsive Conductive Surface Coatings on the Basis of Azidomethyl-PEDOT Electropolymer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12363-12371. [PMID: 36848114 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The design of responsive coatings has gained increasing attention recently, with light-responsive interfaces receiving particular appreciation, as their surface properties can be modulated with excellent spatiotemporal control. In this article, we present light-responsive conductive coatings acquired through a copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction between electropolymerized azide-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT-N3) and arylazopyrazole (AAP)-bearing alkynes. The UV/vis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data indicate a successful post-modification, supporting a covalent attachment of AAP moieties to PEDOT-N3. The thickness and degree of PEDOT-N3 modification are accessible by varying the amount of passed charge during electropolymerization and time of reaction, respectively, providing a degree of synthetic control over the physicochemical material properties. The produced substrates demonstrate a reversible and stable light-driven switching of photochromic properties in both "dry" and swelled states, as well as efficient electrocatalytic Z → E switching. The AAP-modified polymer substrates exhibit a light-controlled wetting behavior, demonstrating a consistently reversible switching of the static water contact angle with a difference up to 10.0° for CF3-AAP@PEDOT-N3. The results highlight the application of conducting PEDOT-N3 for the covalent immobilization of molecular switches while preserving their stimuli-responsive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gibalova
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 36, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas B Arndt
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 36, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Luca Burg
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 36, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 36, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Fenoy GE, Hasler R, Quartinello F, Marmisollé WA, Lorenz C, Azzaroni O, Bäuerle P, Knoll W. "Clickable" Organic Electrochemical Transistors. JACS AU 2022; 2:2778-2790. [PMID: 36590273 PMCID: PMC9795466 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing the surface of an organic semiconductor with biological elements is a central quest when it comes to the development of efficient organic bioelectronic devices. Here, we present the first example of "clickable" organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The synthesis and characterization of an azide-derivatized EDOT monomer (azidomethyl-EDOT, EDOT-N3) are reported, as well as its deposition on Au-interdigitated electrodes through electropolymerization to yield PEDOT-N3-OECTs. The electropolymerization protocol allows for a straightforward and reliable tuning of the characteristics of the OECTs, yielding transistors with lower threshold voltages than PEDOT-based state-of-the-art devices and maximum transconductance voltage values close to 0 V, a key feature for the development of efficient organic bioelectronic devices. Subsequently, the azide moieties are employed to click alkyne-bearing molecules such as redox probes and biorecognition elements. The clicking of an alkyne-modified PEG4-biotin allows for the use of the avidin-biotin interactions to efficiently generate bioconstructs with proteins and enzymes. In addition, a dibenzocyclooctyne-modified thrombin-specific HD22 aptamer is clicked on the PEDOT-N3-OECTs, showing the application of the devices toward the development of organic transistors-based biosensors. Finally, the clicked OECTs preserve their electronic features after the different clicking procedures, demonstrating the stability and robustness of the fabricated transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo E. Fenoy
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas,
Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata − CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Roger Hasler
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Felice Quartinello
- Department
of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Waldemar A. Marmisollé
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas,
Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata − CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Christoph Lorenz
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas,
Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata − CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Department
of Scientific Coordination and Management, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
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Istif E, Mantione D, Vallan L, Hadziioannou G, Brochon C, Cloutet E, Pavlopoulou E. Thiophene-Based Aldehyde Derivatives for Functionalizable and Adhesive Semiconducting Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:8695-8703. [PMID: 31995987 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit for novelty in the field of (bio)electronics demands for new and better-performing (semi)conductive materials. Since the discovery of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), the ubiquitous golden standard, many studies have focused on its applications but only few on its structural modification and/or functionalization. This lack of structural variety strongly limits the versatility of PEDOT, thus hampering the development of novel PEDOT-based materials. In this paper, we present a short and simple strategy for introducing an aldehyde functionality in thiophene-based semiconducting polymers. First, through a two-step synthesis, an EDOT-aldehyde derivative was prepared and polymerized, both chemically and electrochemically. Next, to overcome the inability of thiophene-aldehyde to be polymerized by any means, we synthesized a trimer in which thiophene-aldehyde is enclosed between two EDOT groups. The successful chemical and electrochemical polymerization of this new trimer is presented. The polymer suspensions were characterized by ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectroscopy, while the corresponding films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and four-point-probe conductivity measurements. Afterward, insoluble semiconducting films were formed by using ethylenediamine as a cross-linker, demonstrating in this way the suitability of the aldehyde group for the easy chemical modification of our material. The efficient reactivity conferred by aldehyde groups was also exploited for grafting fluorescent polyamine nanoparticles on the film surface, creating a fluorescent semiconducting polymer film. The films prepared by electropolymerization, as shown by means of a sonication test, exhibit strong surface adhesion on pristine indium tin oxide (ITO). This property paves the way for the application of these polymers as conductive electrodes for interfacing with living organisms. Thanks to the high reactivity of the aldehyde group, the aldehyde-bearing thiophene-based polymers prepared herein are extremely valuable for numerous applications requiring the facile incorporation of a functional group on thiophene, such as the functionalization with labile molecules (thermo-, photo-, and electro-labile, pH sensitive, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Istif
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Lorenzo Vallan
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Cyril Brochon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
| | - Eleni Pavlopoulou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO - UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , Pessac 33607 , France
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Guven N, Sultanova H, Ozer B, Yucel B, Camurlu P. Tuning of electrochromic properties of electrogenerated polythiophenes through Ru(II) complex tethering and backbone derivatization. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Ben Trad R, El Kout E, El Kateb M, Beji M, Laugier JP, Godeau G, Guittard F, Darmanin T. Bifunctionalized Monomers for Surfaces with Controlled Hydrophobicity. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1245-1252. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rawia Ben Trad
- Université Côte d'Azur; NICE Lab; IMREDD; Parc Valrose 06100 Nice France
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis; University of Tunis El Manar; 2092 Tunis Tunisia
| | - Emna El Kout
- Université Côte d'Azur; NICE Lab; IMREDD; Parc Valrose 06100 Nice France
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis; University of Tunis El Manar; 2092 Tunis Tunisia
| | - Mejda El Kateb
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis; University of Tunis El Manar; 2092 Tunis Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Beji
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis; University of Tunis El Manar; 2092 Tunis Tunisia
| | | | - Guilhem Godeau
- Université Côte d'Azur; NICE Lab; IMREDD; Parc Valrose 06100 Nice France
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- Université Côte d'Azur; NICE Lab; IMREDD; Parc Valrose 06100 Nice France
| | - Thierry Darmanin
- Université Côte d'Azur; NICE Lab; IMREDD; Parc Valrose 06100 Nice France
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7
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Mantione D, Del Agua I, Sanchez-Sanchez A, Mecerreyes D. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Derivatives: Innovative Conductive Polymers for Bioelectronics. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E354. [PMID: 30971030 PMCID: PMC6418870 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)s are the conducting polymers (CP) with the biggest prospects in the field of bioelectronics due to their combination of characteristics (conductivity, stability, transparency and biocompatibility). The gold standard material is the commercially available poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). However, in order to well connect the two fields of biology and electronics, PEDOT:PSS presents some limitations associated with its low (bio)functionality. In this review, we provide an insight into the synthesis and applications of innovative poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)-type materials for bioelectronics. First, we present a detailed analysis of the different synthetic routes to (bio)functional dioxythiophene monomer/polymer derivatives. Second, we focus on the preparation of PEDOT dispersions using different biopolymers and biomolecules as dopants and stabilizers. To finish, we review the applications of innovative PEDOT-type materials such as biocompatible conducting polymer layers, conducting hydrogels, biosensors, selective detachment of cells, scaffolds for tissue engineering, electrodes for electrophysiology, implantable electrodes, stimulation of neuronal cells or pan-bio electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mantione
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Isabel Del Agua
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
| | - Ana Sanchez-Sanchez
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
| | - David Mecerreyes
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain.
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8
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Godeau G, N'Na J, Guittard F, Darmanin T. Azido Platform Surfaces for Post-Functionalization with Aromatic Groups Using the Huisgen Reaction to Obtain High Water Adhesion. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Godeau
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Jessica N'Na
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Thierry Darmanin
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
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9
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Poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) mono-azide and di-azide as platforms for surface post -functionalization. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Godeau G, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Superhydrophobic/highly oleophobic surfaces based on poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) surface post-functionalization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-0969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Godeau G, N'na J, Boutet K, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Postfunctionalization of Azido or Alkyne Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Surfaces: Superhydrophobic and Parahydrophobic Surfaces. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Godeau
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Jessica N'na
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Kevin Boutet
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Thierry Darmanin
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS; LPMC; UMR 7336 Nice 06100 France
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13
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Taleb S, Noyer E, Godeau G, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Switchable Surface Wettability by Using Boronic Ester Chemistry. Chemphyschem 2015; 17:305-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabri Taleb
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France), Fax
| | - Elisabeth Noyer
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France), Fax
| | - Guilhem Godeau
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France), Fax
| | - Thierry Darmanin
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France), Fax
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France), Fax
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14
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Godeau G, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Staudinger Vilarassa reaction: A powerful tool for surface modification and superhydrophobic properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 457:72-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Godeau G, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Step-by-Step Layer-by-Layer Assembly Using 1,2,3-Triazole as a Platform for Controlled Multicharged and Multifunctional Coatings. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1691-1695. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Godeau
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France
| | - Thierry Darmanin
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336; 06100 Nice France
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16
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Szczepanski CR, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) containing a carbamate linker as a platform to develop electrodeposited surfaces with tunable wettability and adhesion. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To control the wettability of polymer interfaces with water without using perfluorinated chains, the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer and its derivatives have been good candidates for surfaces formed by electrodeposition.
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