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Gisbert Roca F, Martínez-Ramos C, Ivashchenko S, García-Bernabé A, Compañ V, Monleón Pradas M. Polylactic Acid Nanofiber Membranes Grafted with Carbon Nanotubes with Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Properties. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:6081-6094. [PMID: 38344007 PMCID: PMC10852358 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Electroconductive materials based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) electrospinning membranes grafted with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with the carboxylic group R-COOH have been obtained. PLA electrospun membranes were modified with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to oxidize its surface to subsequently graft the CNTs, the treatment time and drying of the membranes before grafting with CNTs being critical, influencing the final properties of the materials. SEM images showed that CNTs presented a uniform distribution on the surface of the PLA nanofibers, while FTIR spectra of PLA-CNTs materials revealed characteristic hydroxyl groups, as evidenced by absorption peaks of CNTs. Thanks to the grafting with CNTs, the resulting PLA-CNTs membranes present an improvement of the mechanical and conductive properties when compared with PLA membranes. On the one hand, grafting with CNTs causes the nanofibers to have greater rigidity, so they are more manipulable and can more easily preserve their conformation when stress is exerted. On the other hand, grafting with CNTs allows elimination of the insulating barrier of the PLA, reducing the resistivity and providing high electrical conductivity to the PLA-CNTs membranes. The incorporation of CNTs into PLA electrospun membranes is expected to offer greater functionalities to electrospun composite nanofibers for medical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gisbert Roca
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez-Ramos
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
- Unitat
Predepartamental de Medicina, Universitat
Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Sergiy Ivashchenko
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Abel García-Bernabé
- Departamento
de Termodinámica Aplicada. Universitat
Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento
de Termodinámica Aplicada. Universitat
Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Center
for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
- CIBER-BBN.
Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials
and Nanomedicine. Madrid 28029, Spain
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2
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Tao JR, Yang D, Yang Y, He QM, Fei B, Wang M. Migration mechanism of carbon nanotubes and matching viscosity-dependent morphology in Co-continuous Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) blend: Towards electromagnetic shielding enhancement. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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3
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Liu S, He Y, Qu JP. Manufacturing High-Performance Polylactide by Constructing 3D Network Crystalline Structure with Adding Self-Assembly Nucleator. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Vovchenko L, Matzui L, Oliynyk V, Milovanov Y, Mamunya Y, Volynets N, Plyushch A, Kuzhir P. Polyethylene Composites with Segregated Carbon Nanotubes Network: Low Frequency Plasmons and High Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051118. [PMID: 32138185 PMCID: PMC7084993 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) based composites with segregated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) network was successfully prepared by hot compressing of a mechanical mixture of PE and CNT powders. Through comparison with a composite comprising randomly distributed carbon nanotubes of the same concentration, we prove that namely the segregated CNT network is responsible for the excellent electrical properties, i.e., 10−1 S/m at 0.5–1% and 10 S/m at 6–12% of CNT. The investigation of the complex impedance in the frequency range 1 kHz–2 MHz shows that the sign of real part of the dielectric permittivity εr′ changes from positive to negative in electrically percolated composites indicating metal-like behavior of CNT segregated network. The obtained negative permittivity and AC conductivity behavior versus frequency for high CNT content (3–12%) are described by the Drude model. At the same time, in contrast to reflective metals, high electromagnetic shielding efficiency of fabricated PE composites in the frequency range 40–60 GHz, i.e., close to 100% at 1 mm thick sample, was due to absorption coursed by multiple reflection on every PE-CNT segregated network interface followed by electromagnetic radiation absorbed in each isolated PE granule surrounded by conductive CNT shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Vovchenko
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (L.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Ludmila Matzui
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (L.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Viktor Oliynyk
- Department of Radiophysics, Electronics, and Computer Systems, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Yurii Milovanov
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Yevgen Mamunya
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine48 Kharkivske Chaussee, 02160 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Nadezhda Volynets
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, 11 Bobruiskaya Str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (N.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Artyom Plyushch
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, 11 Bobruiskaya Str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (N.V.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, 11 Bobruiskaya Str., 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (N.V.); (A.P.)
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
- Correspondence:
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5
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Huang J, Mou W, Wang W, Lv F, Chen Y. Influence of DCP content on the toughness and morphology of fully biobased ternary PLA/NR-PMMA/NR TPVs with co-continuous phase structure. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1695265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Huang
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Mou
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Wang
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lv
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Chen
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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6
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Lin W, Qu JP. Enhancing Impact Toughness of Renewable Poly(lactic acid)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends via Constructing Cocontinuous-like Phase Morphology Assisted by Ethylene–Methyl Acrylate–Glycidyl Methacrylate Copolymer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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7
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Al Sheheri SZ, Al-Amshany ZM, Al Sulami QA, Tashkandi NY, Hussein MA, El-Shishtawy RM. The preparation of carbon nanofillers and their role on the performance of variable polymer nanocomposites. Des Monomers Polym 2019; 22:8-53. [PMID: 30833877 PMCID: PMC6394319 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2019.1565664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
New synergic behavior is always inspiring scientists toward the formation of nanocomposites aiming at getting advanced materials with superior performance and/or novel properties. Carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene, fullerene, and graphite as carbon-based are great fillers for polymeric materials. The presence of these materials in the polymeric matrix would render it several characteristics, such as electrical and thermal conductivity, magnetic, mechanical, and as sensor materials for pressure and other environmental changes. This review presents the most recent works in the use of CNT, graphene, fullerene, and graphite as filler in different polymeric matrixes. The primary emphasis of this review is on CNT preparation and its composites formation, while others carbon-based nano-fillers are also introduced. The methods of making polymer nanocomposites using these fillers and their impact on the properties obtained are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad Z. Al Sheheri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahra M. Al-Amshany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Qana A. Al Sulami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Y. Tashkandi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Polymer Chemistry Lab. 122, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Reda M. El-Shishtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Dyeing, Printing and Textile Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Chen CK, Lee MC, Lin ZI, Lee CA, Tung YC, Lou CW, Law WC, Chen NT, Lin KYA, Lin JH. Intensifying the Antimicrobial Activity of Poly[2-( tert-butylamino)ethyl Methacrylate]/Polylactide Composites by Tailoring Their Chemical and Physical Structures. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:709-723. [PMID: 30589552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Poly[2-( tert-butylaminoethyl) methacrylate] (PTA), an important class of antimicrobial polymers, has demonstrated its great biocidal efficiency, favorable nontoxicity, and versatile applicability. To further enhance its antimicrobial efficiency, an optimization of the chemical structure of PTA polymers is performed via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in terms of the antimicrobial ability against Escherichia coli ( E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus). After the optimization, the resulting PTA is blended into a polylactide (PLA) matrix to form PTA/PLA composite thin films. It is first found, that the antimicrobial efficiency of PTA/PLA composites was significantly enhanced by controlling the PLA crystallinity and the PLA spherulite size. A possible mechanistic route regarding this new finding has been rationally discussed. Lastly, the cytotoxicity and mechanical properties of a PTA/PLA composite thin film exhibiting the best biocidal effect are evaluated for assessing its potential as a new material for creating antimicrobial biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Engineering , National Yunlin University of Science and Technology , Yunlin 64002 , Taiwan
| | - Mong-Chuan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering , Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung 40601 , Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Ian Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Engineering , National Yunlin University of Science and Technology , Yunlin 64002 , Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Lee
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Tung
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- College of Textile and Clothing , Qingdao University , Shangdong 266071 , China.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials , Ocean College, Minjiang University , Fuzhou 350108 , China.,Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textiles , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development , China Medical University , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 40227 , Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Lin
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan.,College of Textile and Clothing , Qingdao University , Shangdong 266071 , China.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials , Ocean College, Minjiang University , Fuzhou 350108 , China.,Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textiles , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China.,School of Chinese Medicine , China Medical University , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan.,Department of Fashion Design , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
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9
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Wang M, Zhang K, Dai XX, Li Y, Guo J, Liu H, Li GH, Tan YJ, Zeng JB, Guo Z. Enhanced electrical conductivity and piezoresistive sensing in multi-wall carbon nanotubes/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites via the construction of a self-segregated structure. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:11017-11026. [PMID: 28574065 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02322g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Formation of highly conductive networks is essential for achieving flexible conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with high force sensitivity and high electrical conductivity. In this study, self-segregated structures were constructed in polydimethylsiloxane/multi-wall carbon nanotube (PDMS/MWCNT) nanocomposites, which then exhibited high piezoresistive sensitivity and low percolation threshold without sacrificing their mechanical properties. First, PDMS was cured and pulverized into 40-60 mesh-sized particles (with the size range of 250-425 μm) as an optimum self-segregated phase to improve the subsequent electrical conductivity. Then, the uncured PDMS/MWCNT base together with the curing agent was mixed with the abovementioned PDMS particles, serving as the segregated phase. Finally, the mixture was cured again to form the PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites with self-segregated structures. The morphological evaluation indicated that MWCNTs were located in the second cured three-dimensional (3D) continuous PDMS phase, resulting in an ultralow percolation threshold of 0.003 vol% MWCNTs. The nanocomposites with self-segregated structures with 0.2 vol% MWCNTs achieved a high electrical conductivity of 0.003 S m-1, whereas only 4.87 × 10-10 S m-1 was achieved for the conventional samples with 0.2 vol% MWCNTs. The gauge factor GF of the self-segregated samples was 7.4-fold that of the conventional samples at 30% compression strain. Furthermore, the self-segregated samples also showed higher compression modulus and strength as compared to the conventional samples. These enhanced properties were attributed to the construction of 3D self-segregated structures, concentrated distribution of MWCNTs, and strong interfacial interaction between the segregated phase and the continuous phase with chemical bonds formed during the second curing process. These self-segregated structures provide a new insight into the fabrication of elastomers with high electrical conductivity and piezoresistive sensitivity for flexible force-sensitive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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10
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Luo Y, Ju Y, Bai H, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Fu Q. Tailor-Made Dispersion and Distribution of Stereocomplex Crystallites in Poly(l-lactide)/Elastomer Blends toward Largely Enhanced Crystallization Rate and Impact Toughness. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:6271-6279. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Luo
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Ju
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Bai
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwei Liu
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science
and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang K, Li GH, Shi YD, Chen YF, Zeng JB, Wang M. Crystallization kinetics and morphology of biodegradable Poly(ε-caprolactone) with chain-like distribution of ferroferric oxide nanoparticles: Toward mechanical enhancements. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Su L, Zou J, Dong S, Hao N, Xu H. Influence of different β-nucleation agents on poly(l-lactic acid): structure, morphology, and dynamic mechanical behavior. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The WBG-II and TMB-5000 are both effective nucleating agents, which not only can enhance the crystallization rate, but also alter the packing structure of PLLA chain in the crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Shengtao Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Niyuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Salt Chemical Industry
- Huaiyin Institute of Technology
- Huaian
- P. R. China
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13
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Zhong SL, Zhou ZY, Zhang K, Shi YD, Chen YF, Chen XD, Zeng JB, Wang M. Formation of thermally conductive networks in isotactic polypropylene/hexagonal boron nitride composites via “Bridge Effect” of multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficiently thermal conductive networks were fabricated in the iPP/h-BN composites by the “bridge effect” of MWCNTs or GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Long Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Zheng-Yong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Yu-Dong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Yi-Fu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Xu-Dong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Composite and Function Materials of Ministry of Education
| | - Jian-Bing Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Ming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
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