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Kaneda M, Dong D, Chen Y, Zhang X, Xue Y, Bryantsev VS, Elimelech M, Zhong M. Molecular Design of Functional Polymers for Silica Scale Inhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:871-882. [PMID: 38150403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Silica polymerization, which involves the condensation reaction of silicic acid, is a fundamental process with wide-ranging implications in biological systems, material synthesis, and scale formation. The formation of a silica-based scale poses significant technological challenges to energy-efficient operations in various industrial processes, including heat exchangers and water treatment membranes. Despite the common strategy of applying functional polymers for inhibiting silica polymerization, the underlying mechanisms of inhibition remain elusive. In this study, we synthesized a series of nitrogen-containing polymers as silica inhibitors and elucidated the role of their molecular structures in stabilizing silicic acids. Polymers with both charged amine and uncharged amide groups in their backbones exhibit superior inhibition performance, retaining up to 430 ppm of reactive silica intact for 8 h under neutral pH conditions. In contrast, monomers of these amine/amide-containing polymers as well as polymers containing only amine or amide functionalities present insignificant inhibition. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal strong binding between the deprotonated silicic acid and a polymer when the amine groups in the polymer are protonated. Notably, an extended chain conformation of the polymer is crucial to prevent proximity between the interacting monomeric silica species, thereby facilitating effective silica inhibition. Furthermore, the hydrophobic nature of alkyl segments in polymer chains disrupts the hydration shell around the polymer, resulting in enhanced binding with ionized silicic acid precursors compared to monomers. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the stabilization of silicic acids with functional polymers, highlighting the molecular design principles of effective inhibitors for silica polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kaneda
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Dengpan Dong
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Yazhen Xue
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Vyacheslav S Bryantsev
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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2
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Heiranian M, Fan H, Wang L, Lu X, Elimelech M. Mechanisms and models for water transport in reverse osmosis membranes: history, critical assessment, and recent developments. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37889082 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is one of the greatest societal challenges facing humanity. Reverse osmosis (RO) desalination, a widely used membrane-based technology, has proven to be effective to augment water supply in water-stressed regions of our planet. However, progress in the design and development of RO membranes has been limited. To significantly enhance the performance of RO membranes, it is essential to acquire a deep understanding of the membrane separation and transport mechanisms. In this tutorial review, we cover the pivotal historical developments in RO technology, examine the chemical and physical properties of RO membrane materials, and critically review the models and mechanisms proposed for water transport in RO membranes. Based on recent experimental and computational findings, we conduct a thorough analysis of the key transport models-the solution-diffusion and pore-flow models-to assess their validity for accurately describing water transport in RO membranes. Our analysis involves examining the experimental evidence in favor of the solution-diffusion mechanism. Specifically, we explain whether the water content gradient within the membrane, cited as evidence for the key assumption in the solution-diffusion model, can drive a diffusive transport through RO membranes. Additionally, we review the recent molecular dynamics simulations which support the pore-flow mechanism for describing water transport in RO membranes. We conclude by providing future research directions aimed at addressing key knowledge gaps in water transport phenomena in RO membranes, with the goal of advancing the development of next-generation RO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heiranian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7910, USA
| | - Hanqing Fan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinglin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA.
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3
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Chu R, Hao S, Shi W, Hu Y. Quantitatively Unveiling the Structure-Activity Relationship of Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes with Complex Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13503-13511. [PMID: 37705201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiltration polyamide (NF PA) membranes are widely used in seawater desalination and wastewater treatment due to their excellent permeability. The structure-activity relationship of PA membranes has attracted extensive attention in decades. In this work, NF PA membranes with planar structure, nodular structure, and peak-valley structure were constructed, and the pure water permeance was calculated by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation to quantitatively investigate the structure-activity relationship between the microstructure and water permeance. Results showed that the peak-valley structure had the highest effective utilization rate of the membrane surface, which had the highest number of water molecules that passed through membranes per unit cross-sectional area (7.09). Furthermore, with the increase of the specific surface area ratio, the water permeance of the NF PA with peak-valley increased at a rate about 2.5 times than that of the planar NF PA. Therefore, some molecular scale insights were supplied about the structure-activity relationship of NF PA membranes, which is helpful for the fabrication of high-performance NF PA membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Shuang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
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Nagendraprasad G, Adupa V, Anki Reddy K, Das C, Karan S. Semiaromatic Polyamide-Based Membrane in Forward Osmosis: Molecular Insights. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37490347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increased interest in forward osmosis (FO) in recent years, the technology's advancement in commercial and industrial applications has been hampered by the absence of suitable FO membranes and ideal draw solutes, which demands the exploration of new membranes and novel draw solutes targeted for some specific applications. In this context, we considered a semiaromatic polyamide (SAPA) for an application where monovalent salt can be permeated but has high selectivity toward divalent salt and excellent water permeability. In this regard, we constructed an atomistic model for the membrane via a heuristic approach using an equilibrated mixture of hydrolyzed trimesoyl chloride and piperazine monomers and performed nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations on the SAPA membrane in the FO process to understand the structural properties and performance of the membrane at the atomistic level. We used pure water as the feed and Na2SO4 as the draw solution. It is observed that the SAPA membrane shows excellent water permeability and no reverse draw solute flux. To further test the dynamics of salt ions inside the membranes, we performed two distinct equilibrium simulations on systems consisting of either monovalent salt, such as NaCl, or divalent salt, such as Na2SO4. The atomistic details of the interactions between the functional groups of the membrane and salt ions provided in this work can inspire further experiments on SAPA membranes in the context of separation of monovalent and divalent salts, which have applications in the treatment of textile industry wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunolla Nagendraprasad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Vasista Adupa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - K Anki Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Chandan Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Santanu Karan
- Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
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Sarker P, Lu T, Liu D, Wu G, Chen H, Jahan Sajib MS, Jiang S, Chen Z, Wei T. Hydration behaviors of nonfouling zwitterionic materials. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7500-7511. [PMID: 37449074 PMCID: PMC10337769 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01977b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Zwitterionic materials have emerged as highly effective ultralow fouling materials for many applications, however the underlying mechanism of fouling resistance remains unclear. Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and surface-sensitive sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy, we studied the hydration behaviors of zwitterionic materials, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and carboxybetaines of different charge-separation distances, to understand their fouling-resistant mechanism and provide a design principle for improved performance. Our study reveals that the interplay among hydrogen bonding, net charge, and dipole moment is crucial to the fouling-resistant capabilities of zwitterionic materials. Shortening of the zwitterionic spacing strengthens hydrogen bonding with water against biomolecule attachment due to the increased electrostatic and induction interactions, charge transfer, and improved structural stability. Moreover, the shortened charge separation reduces the dipole moment of zwitterionic materials with an intrinsic near-neutral net charge, decreasing their electrostatic and dipole-dipole interactions with biofoulers, and increasing their resistance to fouling. Compared to carboxybetaine compounds, TMAO has the shortest zwitterionic spacing and exhibits the strongest hydrogen bonding, the smallest net charge, and the minimum dipole moment, making it an excellent nonfouling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Sarker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Howard University Washington D.C. USA
| | - Tieyi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Di Liu
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Guangyao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Hanning Chen
- Texas Advanced Computing Center, The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | | | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Howard University Washington D.C. USA
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6
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Witherspoon VJ, Ito K, Snyder CR, Tyagi M, Martin TB, Beaucage PA, Nieuwendaal RC, Vallery RS, Gidley DW, Wilbur JD, Welsh D, Stafford CM, Soles CL. Correlating the Diffusion of Water to Performance in Model Reverse Osmosis Polyamides with Controlled Crosslink Densities. J Memb Sci 2023; 678:10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121670. [PMID: 37465550 PMCID: PMC10350966 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
We systematically reduce the cross-link density of a PA network based on m-phenylene diamine by substituting a fraction of the trifunctional trimesoyl chloride cross-linking agent with a difunctional isophthaloyl analog that promotes chain extension, in order to elucidate robust design cues for improving the polyamide (PA) separation layer in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for desalination. Thin films of these model PA networks are fully integrated into a composite membrane and evaluated in terms of their water flux and salt rejection. By incorporating 15 mol % of the difunctional chain extender, we reduce the cross-link density of the network by a factor of two, which leads to an 80 % increase in the free or unreacted amine content. The resulting swelling of the PA network in liquid water increases by a factor of two accompanied by a 30 % increase in the salt passage through the membrane. Surprisingly, this leads to a 30 % decrease in the overall permeance of water through the membrane. This conundrum is resolved by quantifying the microscopic diffusion coefficient of water inside the PA network with quasi-elastic neutron scattering. In the highest and lowest cross-link density networks, water shows strong signatures of confined diffusion. At short length scales, the water exhibits a translational diffusion that is consistent with the jump-diffusion mechanism. This translational diffusion coefficient is approximately five times slower in the lowest cross-linked density network, consistent with the reduced water permeance. This is interpreted as water molecules interacting more strongly with the increased free amine content. Over longer length scales the water diffusion is confined, exhibiting mobility that is independent of length scale. The length scales of confinement from the quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments at which this transition from confined to translational diffusion occurs is on the order of (5 to 6) Å , consistent with complementary X-ray scattering, small angle neutron scattering, and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy measurements. The confinement appears to come from heterogeneities in the average inter-atomic distances, suggesting that diffusion occurs by water bouncing between chains and occasionally sticking to the polar functional groups. The results obtained here are compared with similar studies of water diffusion through both rigid porous silicates and ion exchange membranes, revealing robust design cues for engineering high-performance RO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velencia J. Witherspoon
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Current address: Section for Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Science, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Kanae Ito
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Current address: Industrial Application Division, Spring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Chad R. Snyder
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Tyler B. Martin
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Peter A. Beaucage
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Ryan C. Nieuwendaal
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | | | - David W. Gidley
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | - Christopher M. Stafford
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Christopher L. Soles
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
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7
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Wang Q, Hu L, Ma H, Venkateswaran S, Hsiao BS. High-Flux Nanofibrous Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane Containing Interfacial Water Channels for Desalination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37192294 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A nanofibrous composite reverse osmosis (RO) membrane with a polyamide barrier layer containing interfacial water channels was fabricated on an electrospun nanofibrous substrate via an interfacial polymerization process. The RO membrane was employed for desalination of brackish water and exhibited enhanced permeation flux as well as rejection ratio. Nanocellulose was prepared by sequential oxidations of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and sodium periodate systems and surface grafting with different alkyl groups including octyl, decanyl, dodecanyl, tetradecanyl, cetyl, and octadecanyl groups. The chemical structure of the modified nanocellulose was verified subsequently by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and solid NMR measurements. Two monomers, trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m-phenylenediamine (MPD), were employed to prepare a cross-linked polyamide matrix, i.e., the barrier layer of the RO membrane, which integrated with the alkyl groups-grafted nanocellulose to build up interfacial water channels via interfacial polymerization. The top and cross-sectional morphologies of the composite barrier layer were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to verify the integration structure of the nanofibrous composite containing water channels. The aggregation and distribution of water molecules in the nanofibrous composite RO membrane verified the existence of water channels, demonstrated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The desalination performance of the nanofibrous composite RO membrane was conducted and compared with that of commercially available RO membranes in the processing of brackish water, where 3 times higher permeation flux and 99.1% rejection ratio against NaCl were accomplished. This indicated that the engineering of interfacial water channels in the barrier layer could substantially increase the permeation flux of the nanofibrous composite membrane while retaining the high rejection ratio as well, i.e., to break through the trade-off between permeation flux and rejection ratio. Antifouling properties, chlorine resistance, and long-term desalination performance were also demonstrated to evaluate the potential applications of the nanofibrous composite RO membrane; remarkable durability and robustness were achieved in addition to 3 times higher permeation flux and a higher rejection ratio against commercial RO membranes in brackish water desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lifen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shyam Venkateswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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8
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Shen Q, Song Q, Mai Z, Lee KR, Yoshioka T, Guan K, Gonzales RR, Matsuyama H. When self-assembly meets interfacial polymerization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6122. [PMID: 37134177 PMCID: PMC10156122 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization (IP) and self-assembly are two thermodynamically different processes involving an interface in their systems. When the two systems are incorporated, the interface will exhibit extraordinary characteristics and generate structural and morphological transformation. In this work, an ultrapermeable polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane with crumpled surface morphology and enlarged free volume was fabricated via IP reaction with the introduction of self-assembled surfactant micellar system. The mechanisms of the formation of crumpled nanostructures were elucidated via multiscale simulations. The electrostatic interactions among m-phenylenediamine (MPD) molecules, surfactant monolayer and micelles, lead to disruption of the monolayer at the interface, which in turn shapes the initial pattern formation of the PA layer. The interfacial instability brought about by these molecular interactions promotes the formation of crumpled PA layer with larger effective surface area, facilitating the enhanced water transport. This work provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of the IP process and is fundamental for exploring high-performance desalination membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shen
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Qiangqiang Song
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Zhaohuan Mai
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kueir-Rarn Lee
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan
| | - Tomohisa Yoshioka
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kecheng Guan
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ralph Rolly Gonzales
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideto Matsuyama
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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9
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Wang L, He J, Heiranian M, Fan H, Song L, Li Y, Elimelech M. Water transport in reverse osmosis membranes is governed by pore flow, not a solution-diffusion mechanism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8488. [PMID: 37058571 PMCID: PMC10104469 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We performed nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations and solvent permeation experiments to unravel the mechanism of water transport in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The NEMD simulations reveal that water transport is driven by a pressure gradient within the membranes, not by a water concentration gradient, in marked contrast to the classic solution-diffusion model. We further show that water molecules travel as clusters through a network of pores that are transiently connected. Permeation experiments with water and organic solvents using polyamide and cellulose triacetate RO membranes showed that solvent permeance depends on the membrane pore size, kinetic diameter of solvent molecules, and solvent viscosity. This observation is not consistent with the solution-diffusion model, where permeance depends on the solvent solubility. Motivated by these observations, we demonstrate that the solution-friction model, in which transport is driven by a pressure gradient, can describe water and solvent transport in RO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Jinlong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1572, USA
| | - Mohammad Heiranian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Hanqing Fan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Lianfa Song
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1023, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1572, USA
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
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10
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Park S, Choi S, Lee YK, Jho Y, Kang S, Hwang DS. Cation-π Interactions Contribute to Hydrophobic Humic Acid Removal for the Control of Hydraulically Irreversible Membrane Fouling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3853-3863. [PMID: 36826440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulically irreversible membrane fouling is a major problem encountered during membrane-based water purification. Membrane foulants present large hydrophobic fractions, with humic acid (HA) being a prevalent example of hydrophobic natural organic matter. Furthermore, HA contains numerous aromatic rings (π electrons), and its hydrophobic interactions are a major cause of irreversible membrane fouling. To address this issue, in this study, we used the cation-π interaction, which is a strong noncovalent, competitive interaction present in water. Because the strength of cation-π interactions depends on the combination of cations and π molecules, utilizing the appropriate cations will effectively remove irreversible fouling caused by hydrophobic HA. We performed macroscale experiments to determine the cleaning potential of the test cations, nanomechanically analyzed the changes in HA cohesion caused by the test cations using a surface force apparatus and an atomic force microscope, and used molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the HA removal mechanism of test studied cations. We found that the addition of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, an imidazolium cation with an aromatic moiety, effectively removed the HA layer by weakening its cohesion, and the size, hydrophobicity, and polarity of the HA layer synergistically affected the HA removal mechanism based on the cation-π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Chengam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungju Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Yongseok Jho
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Seoktae Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soo Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Chengam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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11
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He J, Arbaugh T, Nguyen D, Xian W, Hoek E, McCutcheon JR, Li Y. Molecular mechanisms of thickness-dependent water desalination in polyamide reverse-osmosis membranes. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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12
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Hydration and antibiofouling of TMAO-derived zwitterionic polymers surfaces studied with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Verma N, Chen L, Fu Q, Wu S, Hsiao BS. Ionic Liquid-Mediated Interfacial Polymerization for Fabrication of Reverse Osmosis Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1081. [PMID: 36363636 PMCID: PMC9696625 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study revealed the effects of incorporating ionic liquid (IL) molecules: 1-ethyl, 1-butyl, and 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chlorides with different alkyl chain lengths, in interfacial polymerization (IP) on the structure and property (i.e., permeate-flux and salt rejection ratio) relationships of resulting RO membranes. The IL additive was added in the aqueous meta-phenylene diamine (MPD; 0.1% w/v) phase, which was subsequently reacted with trimesoyl chloride (TMC; 0.004% w/v) in the hexane phase to produce polyamide (PA) barrier layer. The structure of resulting free-standing PA thin films was characterized by grazing incidence wide-angle X-rays scattering (GIWAXS), which results were correlated with the performance of thin-film composite RO membranes having PA barrier layers prepared under the same IP conditions. Additionally, the membrane surface properties were characterized by zeta potential and water contact angle measurements. It was found that the membrane prepared by the longer chain IL molecule generally showed lower salt rejection ratio and higher permeation flux, possibly due to the inclusion of IL molecules in the PA scaffold. This hypothesis was supported by the GIWAXS results, where a self-assembled surfactant-like structure formed by IL with the longest aliphatic chain length was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Verma
- Correspondence: (N.V.); (B.S.H.); Tel.: +1-631-632-7793 (B.S.H.)
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He J, Yang J, McCutcheon JR, Li Y. Molecular insights into the structure-property relationships of 3D printed polyamide reverse-osmosis membrane for desalination. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Multimodal confined water dynamics in reverse osmosis polyamide membranes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2809. [PMID: 35589719 PMCID: PMC9120036 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While polyamide (PA) membranes are widespread in water purification and desalination by reverse osmosis, a molecular-level understanding of the dynamics of both confined water and polymer matrix remains elusive. Despite the dense hierarchical structure of PA membranes formed by interfacial polymerization, previous studies suggest that water diffusion remains largely unchanged with respect to bulk water. Here, we employ neutron spectroscopy to investigate PA membranes under precise hydration conditions, and a series of isotopic contrasts, to elucidate water transport and polymer relaxation, spanning ps-ns timescales, and Å-nm lengthscales. We experimentally resolve, for the first time, the multimodal diffusive nature of water in PA membranes: in addition to (slowed down) translational jump-diffusion, we observe a long-range and a localized mode, whose geometry and timescales we quantify. The PA matrix is also found to exhibit rotational relaxations commensurate with the nanoscale confinement observed in water diffusion. This comprehensive ‘diffusion map’ can anchor molecular and nanoscale simulations, and enable the predictive design of PA membranes with tuneable performance. Polymeric membranes are extensively used in water desalination, but the effect of membrane nanostructure on water transport is still elusive. The authors, using quasi-elastic neutron scattering and contrast variation techniques, provide detailed insight into the dynamics of the polymer network and confined water across a wide range of length and timescales.
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Heiranian M, DuChanois RM, Ritt CL, Violet C, Elimelech M. Molecular Simulations to Elucidate Transport Phenomena in Polymeric Membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:3313-3323. [PMID: 35235312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of dominance in separation technology, progress in the design and development of high-performance polymer-based membranes has been incremental. Recent advances in materials science and chemical synthesis provide opportunities for molecular-level design of next-generation membrane materials. Such designs necessitate a fundamental understanding of transport and separation mechanisms at the molecular scale. Molecular simulations are important tools that could lead to the development of fundamental structure-property-performance relationships for advancing membrane design. In this Perspective, we assess the application and capability of molecular simulations to understand the mechanisms of ion and water transport across polymeric membranes. Additionally, we discuss the reliability of molecular models in mimicking the structure and chemistry of nanochannels and transport pathways in polymeric membranes. We conclude by providing research directions for resolving key knowledge gaps related to transport phenomena in polymeric membranes and for the construction of structure-property-performance relationships for the design of next-generation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heiranian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Ryan M DuChanois
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Cody L Ritt
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Camille Violet
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
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17
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Xiang Y, Xu RG, Leng Y. How alginate monomers contribute to organic fouling on polyamide membrane surfaces? J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Song X, Teuler JM, Guiga W, Fargues C, Rousseau B. Molecular simulation of a reverse osmosis polyamide membrane layer. In silico synthesis using different reactant concentration ratios. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Tiwari K, Modak S, Sarkar P, Ray S, Adupa V, Reddy KA, Pramanik SK, Das A, Karan S. Interfacial synthesis of large-area ultrathin polyimine nanofilms as molecular separation membrane. iScience 2022; 25:104027. [PMID: 35313692 PMCID: PMC8933715 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin film membranes of covalent organic frameworks are promising for high-permeance molecular separation. However, their synthesis needs a high temperature or longer reaction time, unsuitable for large-scale fabrication of thin film composite membranes. The ultrathin film of porous organic polymers as a separation layer of the composite membrane could be a close alternative to COF membranes. Here we report transition metal ion-catalyzed room temperature fabrication of the ultrathin (≈12 nm) polyimine nanofilms via interfacial polymerization of melamine and triformylphloroglucinol onto hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile support within a short reaction time. Composite membranes exhibit high water permeance (≈78 L m−2 h−1 bar−1), high rejection (99.6%) of brilliant blue R (825.9 g mol−1), low rejection of NaCl (≈1.8%) and Na2SO4 (≈17%), and enable efficient molecular separation. The role of metal ion catalysts for large-area fabrication of the ultrathin polyimine nanofilm membranes used for molecular separation is demonstrated. Ultrathin porous polyimine nanofilms could be a close alternative to COF membranes Large-area polyimine nanofilms are formed via interfacial polymerization Transition metal ions favor the formation of the nanofilms at room temperature Polyimine nanofilm membranes display superior permselectivity and tunable MWCO
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20
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Vickers R, Weigand TM, Miller CT, Coronell O. Molecular Methods for Assessing the Morphology, Topology, and Performance of Polyamide Membranes. J Memb Sci 2022; 644:120110. [PMID: 35082452 PMCID: PMC8786217 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecular-scale morphology and topology of polyamide composite membranes determine the performance characteristics of these materials. However, molecular-scale simulations are computationally expensive and morphological and topological characterization of molecular structures are not well developed. Molecular dynamics simulation and analysis methods for the polymerization, hydration, and quantification of polyamide membrane structures were developed and compared to elucidate efficient approaches for producing and analyzing the polyamide structure. Polymerization simulations that omitted the reaction-phase solvent did not change the observed hydration, pore-size distribution, or water permeability, while improving the simulation efficiency. Pre-insertion of water into the aggregate pores (radius ≈ 4 Å) of dry domains enabled shorter hydration simulations and improved simulation scaling, without altering pore structure, properties, or performance. Medial axis and Minkowski functional methods were implemented to identify permeation pathways and quantify the polyamide morphology and topology, respectively. Better agreement between simulations and experimentally observed systems was accomplished by increasing the domain size rather than increasing the number of ensemble realizations of smaller systems. The largest domain hydrated was an order of magnitude larger by volume than the largest domain previously reported. This work identifies methods that can enable more efficient and meaningful fundamental modeling of membrane materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Vickers
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA
| | - Timothy M. Weigand
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA
| | - Cass T. Miller
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA
| | - Orlando Coronell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA
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21
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22
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Lu C, Hu C, Ritt CL, Hua X, Sun J, Xia H, Liu Y, Li DW, Ma B, Elimelech M, Qu J. In Situ Characterization of Dehydration during Ion Transport in Polymeric Nanochannels. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14242-14252. [PMID: 34431669 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The transport of hydrated ions across nanochannels is central to biological systems and membrane-based applications, yet little is known about their hydrated structure during transport due to the absence of in situ characterization techniques. Herein, we report experimentally resolved ion dehydration during transmembrane transport using modified in situ liquid ToF-SIMS in combination with MD simulations for a mechanistic reasoning. Notably, complete dehydration was not necessary for transport to occur across membranes with sub-nanometer pores. Partial shedding of water molecules from ion solvation shells, observed as a decrease in the average hydration number, allowed the alkali-metal ions studied here (lithium, sodium, and potassium) to permeate membranes with pores smaller than their solvated size. We find that ions generally cannot hold more than two water molecules during this sterically limited transport. In nanopores larger than the size of the solvation shell, we show that ionic mobility governs the ion hydration number distribution. Viscous effects, such as interactions with carboxyl groups inside the membrane, preferentially hinder the transport of the mono- and dihydrates. Our novel technique for studying ion solvation in situ represents a significant technological leap for the nanofluidics field and may enable important advances in ion separation, biosensing, and battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Cody L Ritt
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Xin Hua
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailun Xia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingya Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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23
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Akther N, Kawabata Y, Lim S, Yoshioka T, Phuntsho S, Matsuyama H, Shon HK. Effect of graphene oxide quantum dots on the interfacial polymerization of a thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane: An experimental and molecular dynamics study. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Lu X, Elimelech M. Fabrication of desalination membranes by interfacial polymerization: history, current efforts, and future directions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6290-6307. [PMID: 34100049 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane desalination is a promising technology for addressing the global challenge of water scarcity by augmenting fresh water supply. Continuous progress in this technology relies on development of membrane materials. The state-of-the-art membranes used in a wide range of desalination applications are polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) membranes which are formed by interfacial polymerization (IP). Despite the wide use of such membranes in desalination, their real-world application is still hampered by several technical obstacles. These challenges of the TFC membranes largely stem from the inherent limitations of the polyamide chemistry, as well as the IP reaction mechanisms. In the past decade, we have witnessed substantial progress in the understanding of polyamide formation mechanisms and the development of new IP strategies that can potentially lead to the redesign of TFC membranes. In this Tutorial, we first present a brief history of the development of desalination membranes and highlight the major challenges of the existing TFC membranes. We then proceed to discuss the pros and cons of emerging IP-based fabrication strategies aiming at improving the performance of TFC membranes. Next, we present technical obstacles and recent efforts in the characterization of TFC membranes to enable fundamental understanding of relevant mechanisms. We conclude with a discussion of the current gap between industrial needs and academic research in designing high-performance TFC membranes, and provide an outlook on future research directions for advancing IP-based fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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25
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Tiwari S, Gogoi A, Anki Reddy K. Effect of an ionic environment on membrane fouling: a molecular dynamics study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5001-5011. [PMID: 33624656 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05268j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the ionic environment on membrane fouling was investigated for polyamide (PA) and graphene oxide (GO) membranes using equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. For each of these membranes, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was considered as the model foulant. The effect of the foulant on the membranes is investigated at seawater concentration and also in a normal aqueous environment. We investigated the translational and rotational motion of the protein relative to the membrane, interaction energy between the protein and the membrane surface, structural changes in the protein, and ion distribution around the protein and the membrane surface for all the systems. We found that the effects of ions were very different on both the membranes. Specifically, with an increase in ionic strength, the repulsion between the protein and membrane was observed in the case of GO, while for PA, no significant changes were observed for the same. Also, the ion distribution around the protein and the membrane surface were found to be different. In particular, for GO, there were more number of chloride ions around the protein and the membrane than that of sodium ions, which was probably the reason for the repulsion in the case of GO. However, in the case of PA, the membrane surface did not exhibit any affinity towards a specific ion, and the protein in the case of PA was surrounded by more number of sodium ions than chloride ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Tiwari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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26
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Zheng S, Sajib MSJ, Wei Y, Wei T. Discontinuous Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biomolecule Interfacial Behavior: Study of Ovispirin-1 Adsorption on a Graphene Surface. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:1874-1882. [PMID: 33586958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental understanding of biomolecular interfacial behavior, such as protein adsorption at the microscopic scale, is critical to broad applications in biomaterials, nanomedicine, and nanoparticle-based biosensing techniques. The goal of achieving both computational efficiency and accuracy presents a major challenge for simulation studies at both atomistic and molecular scales. In this work, we developed a unique, accurate, high-throughput simulation method which, by integrating discontinuous molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations with the Go-like protein-surface interaction model, not only solves the dynamics efficiently, but also describes precisely the protein intramolecular and intermolecular interactions at the atomistic scale and the protein-surface interactions at the coarse-grained scale. Using our simulation method and in-house developed software, we performed a systematic study of α-helical ovispirin-1 peptide adsorption on a graphene surface, and our study focused on the effect of surface hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking on protein adsorption. Our DMD simulations were consistent with full-atom molecular dynamics simulations and showed that a single ovispirin-1 peptide lay down on the flat graphene surface with randomized secondary structure due to strong protein-surface interactions. Peptide aggregates were formed with an internal hydrophobic core driven by strong interactions of hydrophobic residues in the bulk environment. However, upon adsorption, the hydrophobic graphene surface can break the hydrophobic core by denaturing individual peptide structures, leading to disassembling the aggregate structure and further randomizing the ovispirin-1 peptide's secondary structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Size Zheng
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, P. R. China
| | - Md Symon Jahan Sajib
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, Georgia 30597, United States
| | - Tao Wei
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
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27
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Zhang W, Qin Y, Shi W, Hu Y. Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms of Thickness-Dependent Water Dynamics in an Ultrathin Free-Standing Polyamide Membrane. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11939-11948. [PMID: 33332121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic polyamide (PA) membranes fabricated from interfacial polymerization are widely used for desalination and water treatment. The fabrication of the high-flux PA membrane requires a fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanisms of water dynamics in the PA, which is still obscure due to the limited experimental methods. Herein, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to establish an atomic model of ultrathin free-standing PA membranes with various thickness and to explore the thickness-dependent dynamics of water molecules in the PA membrane. Simulation results illustrate that the simulated PA membrane has an average pore radius of 3 Å similar to the free volume size of the experimental PA membrane measured by PALS. The PA could be identified as the swelling layer (SL) and the confined layer (CL) based on their water diffusion rates. The diffusivity of water in the confined layer of PA membrane was much lower than that in the swelling layer and thus determined the water flux of the PA membrane. The water diffusivity in the sub-8 nm PA membrane is greatly enhanced due to a very thin confined layer thickness, illustrating the mechanism of the experimentally fabricated sub-8 nm PA membrane having the dramatically enhanced water permeability. Furthermore, results show that water molecules tend to transport rapidly in the free space inside the PA membrane. Our results provide some insights into the thickness-dependent water dynamics in the PA on a molecular level and may help to design the next generation of high-flux PA membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
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Wei Y, Chin K, Barge LM, Perl S, Hermis N, Wei T. Machine Learning Analysis of the Thermodynamic Responses of In Situ Dielectric Spectroscopy Data in Amino Acids and Inorganic Electrolytes. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11491-11500. [PMID: 33284009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) can be a robust in situ technique for geochemical applications. In this study, we applied deep-learning techniques to DS measurement data to enable rapid science interrogation and identification of electrolyte solutions containing salts and amino acids over a wide temperature range (20 to -60 °C). For the purpose of searching for signs of life, detecting amino acids is a fundamental high priority for field and planetary instruments as amino acids are one of the building blocks for life as we know it. A convolutional neural network (CNN) with channel-wise one-dimensional filters is proposed to fulfill the task, using the DS data of amino acid and inorganic salt solutions. Experimental results show that the CNN with two convolutional layers and one fully connected layer can effectively differentiate solutions containing amino acids from those containing salts in both the liquid and solid (water ice) states. To complement the experimental measurements and CNN analysis, the diffusive behaviors of ions (K+, Cl-, and OH-) were further discussed with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations performed in this work as well as the quantum simulation published in the literature. Combining DS with machine-learning techniques and simulations will greatly facilitate more real-time decision-making of mobility systems for future exploratory endeavors in other worlds beyond Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wei
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, Georgia 30597, United States
| | - Keith Chin
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Laura M Barge
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Scott Perl
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Ninos Hermis
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Tao Wei
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
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29
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Li Q, Zhao K, Liu Q, Wang J. Desalination behavior analysis of interior-modified carbon nanotubes doped membrane by dielectric spectrum and molecular simulation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:315705. [PMID: 32419696 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab8988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT)-doped polyamide (PA) membranes have attracted much attention in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes due to their significant advantages of water flux and desalination. In this study, we synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)/PA RO membrane by 12-oxodidodecanoic acid methyl ester group interior-modified MWNTs (MWNT-C14H25O4). Then, their mechanism of desalination behavior was successfully analyzed by combining dielectric relaxation spectrum (DRS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. DRS analysis mainly focuses on two aspects: (1) the water volume fraction, average pore size and dielectric parameters of MWNT-C14H25O4/PA and PA membranes were obtained by model analysis of DRS data. These data of MWNT-C14H25O4/PA membrane are higher than PA membrane, which indicates that the water flux of the MWNT-C14H25O4/PA membrane was higher than that of the PA membrane. (2) Further analysis shows that the MWNT-C14H25O4/PA membranes have high average charge density, ion solvation barrier and reflection coefficient, which indicates that the added interior-modified MWNT can improve the salt rejection of PA membranes. In the microscopic aspect, the desalination behavior of the MWNT-C14H25O4/PA and PA membrane was analyzed from the aspects of free volume distribution, the dynamic diffusion process of water and ions. The results show that the microscopic data of dynamic simulation well support the conclusion of the DRS method. This study provides a convenient methodology to characterize the properties of the membrane from the aspect of membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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30
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Xiang Y, Xu RG, Leng Y. Molecular Understanding of Ion Effect on Polyzwitterion Conformation in an Aqueous Environment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7648-7657. [PMID: 32506917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyzwitterions (PZs) are promising materials for the antifouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane technology for water treatment. Fundamental understanding of the structure and molecular interactions involving zwitterions is crucial to the optimal design of antifouling in membrane separation. Here we employ the umbrella sampling and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate molecular interactions between sulfobetaine/carboxybetaine zwitterions and different metal ions (Na+, K+, and Ca2+) in an aqueous solution. The simulation results show that these ions can form stable or metastable contact ionic/solvent-shared-ionic pairs with zwitterions. Simulations at different grafting densities of PZ brush arrays reveal complex competitive association mechanisms, which are attributed to nonbonded electrostatic and van der Waals interactions among zwitterions, water molecules, and different metal ions in an aqueous environment. While the high-grafting density of the PZ brush array leads to a strong branch association between different zwitterions in water, this association is decreased at intermediate- and low-grafting densities due to strong zwitterion-water interactions. More importantly, adding ions into water at intermediate- and low-grafting densities further breaks down the zwitterion branch association, resulting in a randomly oriented and dispersed branch configuration with significant swelling of the polymers. The degree of swelling depends on the type of ions, which further changes the surface electrostatic potential of PZ coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiang
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
| | - Rong-Guang Xu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
| | - Yongsheng Leng
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
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Jahan Sajib MS, Wei Y, Mishra A, Zhang L, Nomura KI, Kalia RK, Vashishta P, Nakano A, Murad S, Wei T. Atomistic Simulations of Biofouling and Molecular Transfer of a Cross-linked Aromatic Polyamide Membrane for Desalination. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7658-7668. [PMID: 32460500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis through a polyamide (PA) membrane is an important technique for water desalination and purification. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the biofouling mechanism (i.e., protein adsorption) and nonequilibrium steady-state water transfer of a cross-linked PA membrane. Our results demonstrated that the PA membrane surface's roughness is a key factor of surface's biofouling, as the lysozyme protein adsorbed on the surface's cavity site displays extremely low surface diffusivity, blocking water passage, and decreasing water flux. The adsorbed protein undergoes secondary structural changes, particularly in the pressure-driven flowing conditions, leading to strong protein-surface interactions. Our simulations were able to present water permeation close to the experimental conditions with a pressure difference as low as 5 MPa, while all the electrolytes, which are tightly surrounded by hydration water, were effectively rejected at the membrane surfaces. The analysis of the self-intermediate scattering function demonstrates that the dynamics of water molecules coordinated with hydrogen bonds is faster inside the pores than during the translation across the pores. The pressure difference applied shows a negligible effect on the water structure and content inside the membrane but facilitates the transportation of hydrogen-bonded water molecules through the membrane's sub-nanopores with a reduced coordination number. The linear relationship between the water flux and the pressure difference demonstrates the applicability of continuum hydrodynamic principles and thus the stability of the membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Symon Jahan Sajib
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University, 2366 Sixth Street NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20059, United States
| | - Ying Wei
- School of Information Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Tan Kah Kee College, 422 Siming South Road, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363105, China
| | - Ankit Mishra
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, HED 216, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment of MOE, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ken-Ichi Nomura
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, HED 216, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, VHE 608, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, HED 216, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, VHE 608, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, 825 Bloom Walk, ACB 439, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, HED 216, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, VHE 608, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, 825 Bloom Walk, ACB 439, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, HED 216, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, VHE 608, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, 825 Bloom Walk, ACB 439, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 107, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sohail Murad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Tao Wei
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University, 2366 Sixth Street NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20059, United States
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Salestan SK, Seyedpour SF, Rahimpour A, Shamsabadi AA, Tiraferri A, Soroush M. Molecular Dynamics Insights into the Structural and Water Transport Properties of a Forward Osmosis Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Modified with Graphene Quantum Dots. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshhal Salestan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 4714781167 Babol, Iran
| | - S. Fatemeh Seyedpour
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 4714781167 Babol, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rahimpour
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 4714781167 Babol, Iran
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, 19104 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Masoud Soroush
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, 19104 Pennsylvania, United States
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Gogoi A, Anki Reddy K, Mondal PK. Influence of the presence of cations on the water and salt dynamics inside layered graphene oxide (GO) membranes. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7273-7283. [PMID: 32196024 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09288a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although over the past few years, graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising membrane material, the applicability of layered GO membranes in water purification/seawater desalination is still a challenging issue because of the undesirable swelling of GO laminates in the aqueous environment. One of the ways to tune the interlayer spacing and to arrest the undesirable swelling of layered GO membranes in the aqueous environment is to intercalate the interlayer spacing of the GO laminates with cations. Although the cation intercalation imparts stabilization to GO laminates in the aqueous environment, their effect on the performance of the membrane is yet to be addressed in detail. In the present study we have investigated the effect of cation intercalation on the performance of layered GO membranes using molecular dynamics simulation. For the same interlayer spacing, the cation intercalated layered GO membranes have a higher water flux as compared to the corresponding pristine layered GO membranes. In the presence of the cations, the water molecules inside the interlayer gallery get more compactly packed. The presence of the cations also increases the stability of the hydrogen bond network among the water molecules inside the membrane. This can be attributed to slow water reorientation dynamics inside the interlayer gallery in the presence of the cations. The synergistic effect of all these changes is that the water permeability through the cation intercalated layered GO membranes is higher as compared to that through the corresponding pristine layered GO membranes. On the other hand, the intercalation of the cations (K+, Mg2+) leads to higher rejection of Na+ ions whereas the rejection of Cl- ions slightly decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Gogoi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
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Tailoring the internal void structure of polyamide films to achieve highly permeable reverse osmosis membranes for water desalination. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li K, Li S, Huang W, Yu C, Zhou Y. MembrFactory: A Force Field and composition Double Independent Universal Tool for Constructing Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:2432-2438. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
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Wan Jusoh WZA, Abdul Rahman S, Ahmad AL, Mohd Mokhtar N. Data for molecular recognition between polyamide thin film composite on the polymeric subtract by molecular dynamic. Data Brief 2019; 24:103910. [PMID: 31193576 PMCID: PMC6535686 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper focus to examine the best molecular interaction between Polyamide Thin Film Composite (PA TFC) layers with different properties of the support membrane. The support membrane of Nylon 66 (N66) and Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was chosen to represent the hydrophilic and hydrophobic model respectively in the Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation. The Condensed-Phase Optimized Molecular Potential for Atomistic Simulation Studies (COMPASS) force field was used with the total simulation runs were set 1000 picoseconds run production ensembles. The temperature and pressure set for both ensembles were 298 K and 1 atm respectively. The validity of our model densities data was check and calculated where the deviation must be less than 6%. The comparison between hydrophobic and hydrophilic of the support membrane data was examined by the distance and magnitude of intensity of the Radial Distribution Function (RDF's) trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zulaisa Amira Wan Jusoh
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sunarti Abdul Rahman
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nadzirah Mohd Mokhtar
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Block A3, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Liu YL, Xiao K, Zhang AQ, Wang XM, Yang HW, Huang X, Xie YF. Exploring the interactions of organic micropollutants with polyamide nanofiltration membranes: A molecular docking study. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Fu Q, Verma N, Ma H, Medellin-Rodriguez FJ, Li R, Fukuto M, Stafford CM, Hsiao BS, Ocko BM. Molecular Structure of Aromatic Reverse Osmosis Polyamide Barrier Layers. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:352-356. [PMID: 35651136 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular structures of polyamide barrier layers in reverse osmosis membranes, made by interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride under different reaction and post-treatment conditions, were characterized by grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). The molecular backbone packing is consistent with two different aromatic molecular packing motifs (parallel and perpendicular) with preferential surface-induced orientation. The results suggest that the perpendicular, T-shaped, packing motif (5 Å spacing) might be associated with optimal membrane permeance, compared with the parallel packings (3.5-4.0 Å spacings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Nisha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Hongyang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Francisco J. Medellin-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, FCQ, San Luis Potosí 78210, SLP, México
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Masafumi Fukuto
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Christopher M. Stafford
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Ocko
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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40
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Cui F, Chen W, Kong X, Liu L, Shi C, Li Y. Anomalous Dynamics of Water in Polyamide Matrix. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3086-3095. [PMID: 30879304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water in polymer matrixes is likely to show anomalous dynamics, a problem that has not been well understood yet. Here, we performed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to study the water dynamics in a polyamide (PA) matrix, the bulk phase of well-known reverse osmosis membranes. For time-dependent ensemble average, water molecules experienced ballistic diffusion at a shorter time scale, followed by a crossover from subdiffusion to Brownian diffusion at a time scale ∼10 ns, and non-Gaussian diffusion, an indication of anomalous dynamics, sticks on even in the Brownian diffusion region. The anomalous dynamics mainly originates from two distinct motions including small-step continuous diffusion and jumping diffusion. The jumping motion has a mean length of 3.08 ± 0.31 Å and characteristic relaxation time of 0.218 ± 0.040 ns, which dominates the water diffusion in a fully hydrated PA matrix. It comprised low- and high-frequency jumps; the former is almost unchanged, and the latter remarkably increases with the increase of the hydration level. Surrounding neighbors of water strongly affect the jumping frequency, which exponentially or linearly decays with the increase in the number of atoms from the PA matrix. Although the PA matrix is flexible, associated with the water dynamics, the translocation of water is mainly through either tracing the position of neighboring water or jumping into the adjacent accommodation space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Wenduo Chen
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China.,School of Materials , Sun Yat-Sen University , 135 Xingang West , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Xiangxin Kong
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Lunyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Ce Shi
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Yunqi Li
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
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41
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Pipich V, Schlenstedt K, Dickmann M, Kasher R, Meier-Haack J, Hugenschmidt C, Petry W, Oren Y, Schwahn D. Morphology and porous structure of standalone aromatic polyamide films as used in RO membranes – An exploration with SANS, PALS, and SEM. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Xu F, Wei M, Zhang X, Song Y, Zhou W, Wang Y. How Pore Hydrophilicity Influences Water Permeability? RESEARCH 2019; 2019:2581241. [PMID: 31549051 PMCID: PMC6750107 DOI: 10.34133/2019/2581241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Membrane separation is playing increasingly important role in providing clean water. Simulations predict that membrane pores with strong hydrophobicity produce ultrahigh water permeability as a result of low friction. However, experiments demonstrate that hydrophilic pores favor higher permeability. Herein we simulate water molecules transporting through interlayers of two-dimensional nanosheets with various hydrophilicities using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. We reveal that there is a threshold pressure drop (ΔP T), exceeding which stable water permeability appears. Strongly hydrophobic pores exhibit extremely high ΔP T, prohibiting the achievement of ultrahigh water permeability under the experimentally accessible pressures. Under pressures < ΔP T, water flows in hydrophobic pores in a running-stop mode because of alternative wetting and nonwetting, thus leading to significantly reduced permeability. We discover that hydrophilic modification to one surface of the nanosheet can remarkably reduce ΔP T by > 99%, indicating a promising strategy to experimentally realize ultrafast membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
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43
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Song Y, Wei M, Xu F, Wang Y. Transport mechanism of water molecules passing through polyamide/COF mixed matrix membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26591-26597. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have gained significant attention due to their high water permeability without the cost of salt rejection. The mechanism of permeability promotion for PA/COFs MMMs is investigated in this work from molecular insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, and College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
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44
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Li K, Li S, Liu L, Huang W, Wang Y, Yu C, Zhou Y. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of the structure and antifouling performance of a gradient polyamide membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19995-20002. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03798e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure and the antifouling performance of the first gradient polyamide layer model are systematically disclosed using molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Lifen Liu
- Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Yuling Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
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45
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Yoshioka T, Kotaka K, Nakagawa K, Shintani T, Wu HC, Matsuyama H, Fujimura Y, Kawakatsu T. Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Polyamide Membrane Structures and RO/FO Water Permeation Properties. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:membranes8040127. [PMID: 30563257 PMCID: PMC6316748 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8040127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polyamide (PA) membranes possess properties that allow for selective water permeation and salt rejection, and these are widely used for reverse osmotic (RO) desalination of sea water to produce drinking water. In order to design high-performance RO membranes with high levels of water permeability and salt rejection, an understanding of microscopic PA membrane structures is indispensable, and this includes water transport and ion rejection mechanisms on a molecular scale. In this study, two types of virtual PA membranes with different structures and densities were constructed on a computer, and water molecular transport properties through PA membranes were examined on a molecular level via direct reverse/forward osmosis (RO/FO) filtration molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A quasi-non-equilibrium MD simulation technique that uses applied (RO mode) or osmotic (FO mode) pressure differences of several MPa was conducted to estimate water permeability through PA membranes. A simple NVT (Number, Volume, and Temperature constant ensemble)-RO MD simulation method was presented and verified. The simulations of RO and FO water permeability for a dense PA membrane model without a support layer agreed with the experimental value in the RO mode. This PA membrane completely rejected Na+ and Cl− ions during a simulation time of several nano-seconds. The naturally dense PA structure showed excellent ion rejection. The effect that the void size of PA structure exerted on water permeability was also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Yoshioka
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Kotaka
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Keizo Nakagawa
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Takuji Shintani
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hao-Chen Wu
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideto Matsuyama
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Yu Fujimura
- Research and Development Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd., 1-1 Kawada, Nogi, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 329-0105, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kawakatsu
- Research and Development Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd., 1-1 Kawada, Nogi, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 329-0105, Japan.
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46
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Liu J, Kong X, Jiang J. Solvent nanofiltration through polybenzimidazole membranes: Unravelling the role of pore size from molecular simulations. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Zhang N, Chen S, Yang B, Huo J, Zhang X, Bao J, Ruan X, He G. Effect of Hydrogen-Bonding Interaction on the Arrangement and Dynamics of Water Confined in a Polyamide Membrane: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4719-4728. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Shaomin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Boyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Jun Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Junjiang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Xuehua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
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48
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Xiang Y, Xu RG, Leng Y. Molecular Simulations of the Hydration Behavior of a Zwitterion Brush Array and Its Antifouling Property in an Aqueous Environment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:2245-2257. [PMID: 29361214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We carried out umbrella sampling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate molecular interactions between sulfobetaine zwitterions or between sulfobetaine brushes in different media. Simulation results show that it is more energetically favorable for the two sulfobetaine zwitterions or brushes to be fully hydrated in aqueous solutions than in vacuum where strong ion pairs are formed. Structural properties of the hydrated sulfobetaine brush array and its antifouling behavior against a foulant gel are subsequently studied through steered MD simulations. We find that sulfobetaine brush arrays with different grafting densities have different structures and antifouling mechanisms. At a comparably higher grafting density, the sulfobetaine brush array exhibits a more organized structure which can hold a tightly bound hydration water layer at the interface. Compression of this hydration layer results in a strong repulsive force. However, at a comparably lower grafting density, the brush array exhibits a randomly oriented structure in which the antifouling of the brush array is through the deformation of the sulfobetaine branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiang
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Rong-Guang Xu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Yongsheng Leng
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
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49
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Li K, Liu L, Wu H, Li S, Yu C, Zhou Y, Huang W, Yan D. Understanding the temperature effect on transport dynamics and structures in polyamide reverse osmosis system via molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:29996-30005. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Molecular simulations could disclose the transport dynamics, membrane structures and temperature effect on reverse osmosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Lifen Liu
- Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
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50
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Wang H, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Biguanidine functional chitooligosaccharide modified reverse osmosis membrane with improved anti-biofouling property. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41938-41949. [PMID: 35558767 PMCID: PMC9092155 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09291e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COSG-modified RO membrane with excellent anti-adhesive and antimicrobial properties was successfully fabricated by second interfacial polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Chemical Engineering Research Center
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
| | - Jixiao Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
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