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Schmidt AF, Kurokhtina AA, Larina EV, Lagoda NA. Active Pd intermediates of the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction with low reactive aryl chlorides under “ligand-free” conditions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Rajalakshmi C, Krishnan A, Saranya S, Anilkumar G, Thomas VI. A detailed theoretical investigation to unravel the molecular mechanism of the ligand-free copper-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4539-4552. [PMID: 35388388 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) represents a very efficacious method for constructing C-C bonds in organic synthesis. The ligand-free variants of SMC have been grabbing attention these days. Despite this momentousness, the mechanistic details of the ligand-free variants are scant in the literature. Herein, we have carried out a detailed mechanistic investigation into the ligand-free Cu-catalyzed SMC of unsaturated organic halides with aryl boronic acid with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations employing the conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) method. The present study elucidates that in the absence of ancillary ligands on the metal, the substrates, base, and solvent molecules could act as pseudo-ancillary ligands to facilitate the cross-coupling reaction. The investigation further revealed that unsaturated halides like alkynyl halides/vinyl halides could act as good ancillary ligands for copper by forming a Cu-π intermediate and promoting a facile transmetalation process. However, regarding the oxidative addition and reductive elimination steps, a concerted pathway is observed contrary to Pd catalyzed Suzuki coupling, owing to the instability of Cu(III) species and the favourability of Csp2-Csp bond formation. In the whole set of mechanisms explored, oxidative addition/oxidative nucleophilic substitution was the rate-determining step in all the cases. A thermodynamically stable π-coordinated intermediate species where the substrate and base molecule are coordinated to the metal center is identified as the rate-determining species for the ligand-free Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The presence of the aforesaid intermediate increases the energy span and consequently the activation barrier for the rate-determining step. This study unveiled a theoretical rationale for the high-temperature requirement in the ligand-free Cu-catalyzed SMC reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rajalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, CMS College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kottayam, Kerala, 686001, India.
| | - Anandhu Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, CMS College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kottayam, Kerala, 686001, India.
| | - Salim Saranya
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India.
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India. .,Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O, Kottayam, Kerala, India 686560
| | - Vibin Ipe Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, CMS College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kottayam, Kerala, 686001, India. .,Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O, Kottayam, Kerala, India 686560
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Experimental evidence for the direct involvement of Pd(0) and Pd(II) anionic phosphine complexes in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sahharova LT, Gordeev EG, Eremin DB, Ananikov VP. Pd-Catalyzed Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Cyclopropyl Vinyl Sulfides Reveals the Origin of High Selectivity in a Fundamental Alkyne Insertion Step. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liliya T. Sahharova
- Zelinsky institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G. Gordeev
- Zelinsky institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Eremin
- Zelinsky institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
- The Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-3502, United States
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang WQ, Sun H, Zhang K, Jian Y, Gu Q, Zhang G, Li J, Gao Z. Sustainable Ligand-Free, Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions in Water: Insights into the Role of Base. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:5265-5273. [PMID: 31724806 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient system was developed for the ligand-free Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in water under mild conditions. Quaternary ammonium hydroxides with long chains were found to be very suitable bases. This ligand-free Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction showed improved durability in water with Pd loadings decreased to ppm level. Bases were shown to stabilize active palladium species in addition to acting as a base during the catalytic process. In the catalytic system with a strong base, the soluble active PdII ion exhibited anti-reduction properties, which prevented aggregation and deactivation of Pd species. The entire catalytic system could be recycled after separating the product by simple filtration. The water-compatible and air-stable effective catalytic protocol described herein represents an attractive and green synthetic advance in Suzuki-Miyaura couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Huaming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Jian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Quan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Jiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
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Li X, Teng Y, Feng F, Hu Q, Yuan Z. Aqueous Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction with 0.6 Equiv. of Base: Green and Efficient Access to Biaryls and Unsymmetrical Terphenyls. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Li
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Yong Teng
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Fangfang Feng
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Qinghong Hu
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Zeli Yuan
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
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Zvereva EE, Katsyuba SA, Dyson PJ, Aleksandrov AV. Leaching from Palladium Nanoparticles in an Ionic Liquid Leads to the Formation of Ionic Monometallic Species. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3452-3456. [PMID: 28692296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and DFT calculations suggest that leaching of palladium species from Pd nanoparticles in ionic liquids does not involve "naked" Pd(0) atoms or neutral ArPdX species formed by oxidative addition of arylhalides. Instead, the ionic liquid contributes largely to leaching of ionic PdX- or PdAr+ species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E Zvereva
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences , Arbuzov street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation UMR CNRS UL 7565, Université de Lorraine , Boulevard des Aiguillettes 1, BP 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sergey A Katsyuba
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences , Arbuzov street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexey V Aleksandrov
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, UMR 7654, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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