1
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Smith RS, Weaver DR, King GM, Kosztin I. Chain-Length Dependence of Peptide-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Strength and Binding Kinetics: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14467-14475. [PMID: 38963062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Physical interactions between polypeptide chains and lipid membranes underlie critical cellular processes. Yet, despite fundamental importance, key mechanistic aspects of these interactions remain elusive. Bulk experiments have revealed a linear relationship between free energy and peptide chain length in a model system, but does this linearity extend to the interaction strength and to the kinetics of lipid binding? To address these questions, we utilized a combination of coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG MD) simulations, analytical modeling, and atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based single molecule force spectroscopy. Following previous bulk experiments, we focused on interactions between short hydrophobic peptides (WLn, n = 1, ..., 5) with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers, a simple system that probes peptide primary structure effects. Potentials of mean force extracted from CG MD recapitulated the linearity of free energy with the chain length. Simulation results were quantitatively connected to bulk biochemical experiments via a single scaling factor of order unity, corroborating the methodology. Additionally, CG MD revealed an increase in the distance to the transition state, a result that weakens the dependence of the dissociation force on the peptide chain length. AFM experiments elucidated rupture force distributions and, through modeling, intrinsic dissociation rates. Taken together, the analysis indicates a rupture force plateau in the WLn-POPC system, suggesting that the final rupture event involves the last 2 or 3 residues. In contrast, the linear dependence on chain length was preserved in the intrinsic dissociation rate. This study advances the understanding of peptide-lipid interactions and provides potentially useful insights for the design of peptides with tailored membrane-interacting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Smith
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Dylan R Weaver
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Gavin M King
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Ioan Kosztin
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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2
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Yamamoto R, Segawa R, Kato H, Niino Y, Sato T, Hiratsuka M, Hirasawa N. Identification of amino acids in transmembrane domains of mutated cytokine receptor-like factor 2 and interleukin-7 receptor α required for constitutive signal transduction. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184359. [PMID: 38862034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) and interleukin-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) form a receptor for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). A somatic mutation consisting of the substitution of five amino acids (SLLLL) in the transmembrane domain of CRLF2 with three amino acids, including glutamic acid, isoleucine, and methionine (insEIM), which has been identified in acute lymphocytic leukemia, causes the TSLP-independent dimerization with IL-7Rα and activation. However, the dimerization mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the involvement of the amino acids in the transmembrane domains of EIM CRLF2 and IL-7Rα in TSLP-independent activation. HEK293 cells were transfected with vectors encoding CRLF2 and IL-7Rα, or their mutants, in which the amino acid of the transmembrane domain was replaced with alanine. STAT5 phosphorylation was detected using western blotting, and receptor dimerization was analyzed using the NanoBiT assay. The substitution of glutamic acid within the insEIM mutation for alanine failed to cause the STAT5 phosphorylation in the absence of TSLP. Moreover, the alanine substation of the specific leucine residues in the transmembrane domains of both CRLF2 and IL-7Rα abrogated the TSLP-independent signal transduction and dimerization. The mutation of IL-7Rα W264 partially reduced the phosphorylation of STAT5 without affecting receptor dimerization. These results suggest that the amino acids in the transmembrane domains of EIM CRLF2 and IL-7Rα play at least three possible functions: interaction through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interaction, and signal transduction. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the function of the transmembrane domains of cytokine receptors in their dimerization and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rio Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Segawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiyori Kato
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuya Niino
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Division of Liberal Arts and Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 607-8414 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiratsuka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Hirasawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan.
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3
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Ruppelt D, Trollmann MFW, Dema T, Wirtz SN, Flegel H, Mönnikes S, Grond S, Böckmann RA, Steinem C. The antimicrobial fibupeptide lugdunin forms water-filled channel structures in lipid membranes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3521. [PMID: 38664456 PMCID: PMC11045845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, a novel cyclo-heptapeptide composed of alternating D,L-amino acids and a unique thiazolidine heterocycle, called lugdunin, was discovered, which is produced by the nasal and skin commensal Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Lugdunin displays potent antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria, including challenging-to-treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Lugdunin specifically inhibits target bacteria by dissipating their membrane potential. However, the precise mode of action of this new class of fibupeptides remains largely elusive. Here, we disclose the mechanism by which lugdunin rapidly destabilizes the bacterial membrane potential using an in vitro approach. The peptide strongly partitions into lipid compositions resembling Gram-positive bacterial membranes but less in those harboring the eukaryotic membrane component cholesterol. Upon insertion, lugdunin forms hydrogen-bonded antiparallel β-sheets by the formation of peptide nanotubes, as demonstrated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. These hydrophilic nanotubes filled with a water wire facilitate not only the translocation of protons but also of monovalent cations as demonstrated by voltage-clamp experiments on black lipid membranes. Collectively, our results provide evidence that the natural fibupeptide lugdunin acts as a peptidic channel that is spontaneously formed by an intricate stacking mechanism, leading to the dissipation of a bacterial cell's membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Ruppelt
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marius F W Trollmann
- Computational Biology, Department Biologie & Erlangen National High Perfomance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Taulant Dema
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian N Wirtz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Flegel
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sophia Mönnikes
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Grond
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rainer A Böckmann
- Computational Biology, Department Biologie & Erlangen National High Perfomance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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4
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Jog R, Han GS, Carman GM. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spo7 basic tail is required for Nem1-Spo7/Pah1 phosphatase cascade function in lipid synthesis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105587. [PMID: 38141768 PMCID: PMC10820825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nem1-Spo7 protein phosphatase complex dephosphorylates and thereby activates Pah1 at the nuclear/endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Pah1, a phosphatidate phosphatase catalyzing the dephosphorylation of phosphatidate to produce diacylglycerol, is one of the most highly regulated enzymes in lipid metabolism. The diacylglycerol produced in the lipid phosphatase reaction is utilized for the synthesis of triacylglycerol that is stored in lipid droplets. Disruptions of the Nem1-Spo7/Pah1 phosphatase cascade cause a plethora of physiological defects. Spo7, the regulatory subunit of the Nem1-Spo7 complex, is required for the Nem1 catalytic function and interacts with the acidic tail of Pah1. Spo7 contains three conserved homology regions (CR1-3) that are important for the interaction with Nem1, but its region for the interaction with Pah1 is unknown. Here, by deletion and site-specific mutational analyses of Spo7, we revealed that the C-terminal basic tail (residues 240-259) containing five arginine and two lysine residues is important for the Nem1-Spo7 complex-mediated dephosphorylation of Pah1 and its cellular function (triacylglycerol synthesis, lipid droplet formation, maintenance of nuclear/endoplasmic reticulum membrane morphology, and cell growth at elevated temperatures). The glutaraldehyde cross-linking analysis of synthetic peptides indicated that the Spo7 basic tail interacts with the Pah1 acidic tail. This work advances our understanding of the Spo7 function and the Nem1-Spo7/Pah1 phosphatase cascade in yeast lipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Jog
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gil-Soo Han
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - George M Carman
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
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5
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Michalski M, Setny P. Molecular Mechanisms behind Conformational Transitions of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Membrane Anchor. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9450-9460. [PMID: 37877534 PMCID: PMC10641832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is a fundamental process that is exploited by enveloped viruses to enter host cells. In the case of the influenza virus, fusion is facilitated by the trimeric viral hemagglutinin protein (HA). So far, major focus has been put on its N-terminal fusion peptides, which are directly responsible for fusion initiation. A growing body of evidence points also to a significant functional role of the HA C-terminal domain, which however remains incompletely understood. Our computational study aimed to elucidate the structural and functional interdependencies within the HA C-terminal region encompassing the transmembrane domain (TMD) and the cytoplasmic tail (CT). In particular, we were interested in the conformational shift of the TMD in response to varying cholesterol concentration in the viral membrane and in its modulation by the presence of CT. Using free-energy calculations based on atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we characterized transitions between straight and tilted metastable TMD configurations under varying conditions. We found that the presence of CT is essential for achieving a stable, highly tilted TMD configuration. As we demonstrate, such a configuration of HA membrane anchor likely supports the tilting motion of its ectodomain, which needs to be executed during membrane fusion. This finding highlights the functional role of, so far, the relatively overlooked CT region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Michalski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Setny
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Lander AJ, Mercado LD, Li X, Taily IM, Findlay BL, Jin Y, Luk LYP. Roles of inter- and intramolecular tryptophan interactions in membrane-active proteins revealed by racemic protein crystallography. Commun Chem 2023; 6:154. [PMID: 37464011 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan is frequently found on the surface of membrane-associated proteins that interact with the lipid membrane. However, because of their multifaceted interactions, it is difficult to pinpoint the structure-activity relationship of each tryptophan residue. Here, we describe the use of racemic protein crystallography to probe dedicated tryptophan interactions of a model tryptophan-rich bacteriocin aureocin A53 (AucA) by inclusion and/or exclusion of potential ligands. In the presence of tetrahedral anions that are isosteric to the head group of phospholipids, distinct tryptophan H-bond networks were revealed. H-bond donation by W40 was critical for antibacterial activity, as its substitution by 1-methyltryptophan resulted in substantial loss of activity against bacterial clinical isolates. Meanwhile, exclusion of tetrahedral ions revealed that W3 partakes in formation of a dimeric interface, thus suggesting that AucA is dimeric in solution and dissociated to interact with the phosphate head group in the presence of the lipid membrane. Based on these findings, we could predict the tryptophan residue responsible for activity as well as the oligomeric state of a distant homologue lacticin Q (48%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Lander
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Laura Domínguez Mercado
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Richard J. Renaud Science Complex, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Xuefei Li
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Irshad Maajid Taily
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Brandon L Findlay
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Richard J. Renaud Science Complex, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Yi Jin
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Louis Y P Luk
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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7
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Situ AJ, Ulmer TS. Comparison of Integrin αIIbβ3 Transmembrane Association in Vesicles and Bicelles. Biochemistry 2023. [PMID: 37279176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane proteins are commonly reconstituted in membrane mimics exhibiting discontinuous lipid bilayers. In contrast, the continuous membranes of cells are conceptually best represented by large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). Here, we compared the thermodynamic stability of the integrin αIIbβ3 transmembrane (TM) complex between vesicles and bicelles to assess the consequence of this simplification. In LUVs, we further evaluated the strength of the αIIb(G972S)-β3(V700T) interaction that corresponds to the hydrogen bond interaction postulated for β2 integrins. An upper limit of 0.9 kcal/mol was estimated for superior TM complex stabilization in LUVs relative to bicelles. Compared to the αIIbβ3 TM complex stability in LUVs of 5.6 ± 0.2 kcal/mol, this limit is modest, indicating that bicelles performed well relative to LUVs. The implementation of β3(V700T) alleviated αIIb(G972S) destabilization by 0.4 ± 0.2 kcal/mol in confirmation of relatively weak hydrogen bonding. Interestingly, the hydrogen bond adjusts the TM complex stability to a level that is not achievable by merely varying the residue corresponding to αIIb(Gly972).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Situ
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Tobias S Ulmer
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
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8
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Jaumaux F, Petit K, Martin A, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, Vermeersch M, Perez-Morga D, Gabant P. Selective Bacteriocins: A Promising Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections Reveals Insights into Resistant Mutants, Vancomycin Resistance, and Cell Wall Alterations. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:947. [PMID: 37370267 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus has become a major public health concern, necessitating the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds. Given that the skin microbiome plays a critical role in the host defence against pathogens, the development of therapies that target the interactions between commensal bacteria and pathogens in the skin microbiome offers a promising approach. Here, we report the discovery of two bacteriocins, cerein 7B and cerein B4080, that selectively inhibit S. aureus without affecting S. epidermidis, a commensal bacterium on the skin. Our study revealed that exposure of S. aureus to these bacteriocins resulted in mutations in the walK/R two-component system, leading to a thickening of the cell wall visible by transmission electron microscopy and subsequent decreased sensitivity to vancomycin. Our findings prompt a nuanced discussion of the potential of those bacteriocins for selective targeting of S. aureus on the skin, given the emergence of resistance and co-resistance with vancomycin. The idea put forward implies that by preserving commensal bacteria, selective compounds could limit the emergence of resistance in pathogenic cells by promoting competition with remaining commensal bacteria, ultimately reducing chronical infections and limiting the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Jaumaux
- Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques (SFMB), ULB-Campus Plaine Building BC 3rd Floor Wing C, Blvd Triomphe Access 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Syngulon, 1402 Seraing, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Marjorie Vermeersch
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de Charleroi-Gosselies (Biopark)-CP 300, Rue Prof. Jeener & Brachet, 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - David Perez-Morga
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de Charleroi-Gosselies (Biopark)-CP 300, Rue Prof. Jeener & Brachet, 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de Charleroi-Gosselies (Biopark)-CP 300, Rue Prof. Jeener & Brachet, 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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9
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Floch A, Lomas-Francis C, Vege S, Burgos A, Hoffman R, Cusick R, de Brevern AG, Westhoff CM. Two new Scianna variants causing loss of high prevalence antigens: ERMAP model and 3D analysis of the antigens. Transfusion 2023; 63:230-238. [PMID: 36349441 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scianna (Sc) antigens, seven high and two of low prevalence, are expressed on erythrocyte membrane-associated protein (ERMAP). We investigated SC (ERMAP) in individuals who made antibodies to high prevalence Scianna antigens, and propose a 3D model for ERMAP to precisely localize the residues associated with the known antigens. METHODS Serological testing and DNA sequencing was performed by standard methods. A 3D structural model was built using a multi-template homology approach. Protein structures representing missense variants associated with the loss or gain of an antigen were generated. Residue accessibility and intraprotein interactions were compared with the wild-type protein. RESULTS Two new SC alleles, one with c.349C > T (p.Arg117Cys) in a woman from South India with anti-Sc3 in her plasma, and a c.217_219delinsTGT (p.Arg73Cys) in an African-American woman with an antibody to a new high prevalence antigen, termed SCAC, were identified. Six structural templates were used to model ERMAP. 3D analysis showed that residues key for Scianna antigen expression were all exposed at the surface of the extracellular domain. The p.Arg117Cys change was predicted to abolish interactions between residues 93 and 117, with no compensating interactions. CONCLUSION We confirm the extracellular location of Scianna residues responsible for antigen expression which predicts direct accessibility to antibodies. Loss of intraprotein interactions appear to be responsible for a Sc null and production of anti-Sc3 with p.117Cys, SC*01 N.03, and for loss of a high prevalence antigen with p.73Cys, termed SCAC for Sc Arg to Cys. Comparative modeling aids our understanding of new alleles and Scianna antigen expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Floch
- Immunohematology and Genomics Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Laboratoire de Biologie Medicale de Reference en Immunohematologie Moleculaire, Etablissement francais du sang Ile-de-France, Creteil, France.,Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM U955 Equipe « Transfusion et maladies du globule rouge », IMRB, Creteil, France
| | - Christine Lomas-Francis
- Immunohematology and Genomics Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sunitha Vege
- Immunohematology and Genomics Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Anna Burgos
- Immunohematology and Genomics Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Roser Hoffman
- Vitalant Reference and Transfusion Services, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Alexandre G de Brevern
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge UMR_S1134, Inserm, Université de la Réunion, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Connie M Westhoff
- Immunohematology and Genomics Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA
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10
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Gössweiner-Mohr N, Siligan C, Pluhackova K, Umlandt L, Koefler S, Trajkovska N, Horner A. The Hidden Intricacies of Aquaporins: Remarkable Details in a Common Structural Scaffold. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202056. [PMID: 35802902 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evolution turned aquaporins (AQPs) into the most efficient facilitators of passive water flow through cell membranes at no expense of solute discrimination. In spite of a plethora of solved AQP structures, many structural details remain hidden. Here, by combining extensive sequence- and structural-based analysis of a unique set of 20 non-redundant high-resolution structures and molecular dynamics simulations of four representatives, key aspects of AQP stability, gating, selectivity, pore geometry, and oligomerization, with a potential impact on channel functionality, are identified. The general view of AQPs possessing a continuous open water pore is challenged and it is depicted that AQPs' selectivity is not exclusively shaped by pore-lining residues but also by the relative arrangement of transmembrane helices. Moreover, this analysis reveals that hydrophobic interactions constitute the main determinant of protein thermal stability. Finally, a numbering scheme of the conserved AQP scaffold is established, facilitating direct comparison of, for example, disease-causing mutations and prediction of potential structural consequences. Additionally, the results pave the way for the design of optimized AQP water channels to be utilized in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Siligan
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstr. 40, Linz, 4020, Austria
| | - Kristyna Pluhackova
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, University of Stuttgart, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2075, Universitätsstr. 32, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Linnea Umlandt
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstr. 40, Linz, 4020, Austria
| | - Sabina Koefler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstr. 40, Linz, 4020, Austria
| | - Natasha Trajkovska
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstr. 40, Linz, 4020, Austria
| | - Andreas Horner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstr. 40, Linz, 4020, Austria
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11
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Matsuoka R, Fudim R, Jung S, Zhang C, Bazzone A, Chatzikyriakidou Y, Robinson CV, Nomura N, Iwata S, Landreh M, Orellana L, Beckstein O, Drew D. Structure, mechanism and lipid-mediated remodeling of the mammalian Na +/H + exchanger NHA2. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:108-120. [PMID: 35173351 PMCID: PMC8850199 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Na+/H+ exchanger SLC9B2, also known as NHA2, correlates with the long-sought-after Na+/Li+ exchanger linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in humans. Despite the functional importance of NHA2, structural information and the molecular basis for its ion-exchange mechanism have been lacking. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of bison NHA2 in detergent and in nanodiscs, at 3.0 and 3.5 Å resolution, respectively. The bison NHA2 structure, together with solid-state membrane-based electrophysiology, establishes the molecular basis for electroneutral ion exchange. NHA2 consists of 14 transmembrane (TM) segments, rather than the 13 TMs previously observed in mammalian Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) and related bacterial antiporters. The additional N-terminal helix in NHA2 forms a unique homodimer interface with a large intracellular gap between the protomers, which closes in the presence of phosphoinositol lipids. We propose that the additional N-terminal helix has evolved as a lipid-mediated remodeling switch for the regulation of NHA2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Matsuoka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Fudim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sukkyeong Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chenou Zhang
- Center for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Norimichi Nomura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - So Iwata
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michael Landreh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Orellana
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Beckstein
- Center for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - David Drew
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Pal S, Koeppe RE, Chattopadhyay A. Membrane electrostatics sensed by tryptophan anchors in hydrophobic model peptides depends on non-aromatic interfacial amino acids: implications in hydrophobic mismatch. Faraday Discuss 2021; 232:330-346. [PMID: 34549729 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00065e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
WALPs are synthetic α-helical membrane-spanning peptides that constitute a well-studied system for exploring hydrophobic mismatch. These peptides represent a simplified consensus motif for transmembrane domains of intrinsic membrane proteins due to their hydrophobic core of alternating leucine and alanine flanked by membrane-anchoring aromatic tryptophan residues. Although the modulation of mismatch responses in WALPs by tryptophan anchors has been reported earlier, there have been limited attempts to utilize the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of this class of peptides in mismatch sensors. We have previously shown, utilizing the red edge excitation shift (REES) approach, that interfacial WALP tryptophan residues in fluid phase bilayers experience a dynamically constrained membrane microenvironment. Interestingly, emerging reports suggest the involvement of non-aromatic interfacially localized residues in modulating local structure and dynamics in WALP analogs. In this backdrop, we have explored the effect of interfacial amino acids, such as lysine (in KWALPs) and glycine (in GWALPs), on the tryptophan microenvironment of WALP analogs in zwitterionic and negatively charged membranes. We show that interfacial tryptophans in KWALP and GWALP experience a more restricted microenvironment, as reflected in the substantial increase in magnitude of REES and apparent rotational correlation time, relative to those in WALP in zwitterionic membranes. Interestingly, in contrast to WALP, the tryptophan anchors in KWALP and GWALP appear insensitive to the presence of negatively charged lipids in the membrane. These results reveal a subtle interplay between non-aromatic flanking residues in transmembrane helices and negatively charged lipids at the membrane interface, which could modulate the membrane microenvironment experienced by interfacially localized tryptophan residues. Since interfacial tryptophans are known to influence mismatch responses in WALPs, our results highlight the possibility of utilizing the fluorescence signatures of tryptophans in membrane proteins or model peptides such as WALP as markers for assessing protein responses to hydrophobic mismatch. More importantly, these results constitute one of the first reports on the influence of lipid headgroup charge in fine-tuning hydrophobic mismatch in membrane bilayers, thereby enriching the existing framework of hydrophobic mismatch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreetama Pal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India. .,CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Roger E Koeppe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, AR 72701, USA
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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13
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Tryptophan, an Amino-Acid Endowed with Unique Properties and Its Many Roles in Membrane Proteins. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11091032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan is an aromatic amino acid with unique physico-chemical properties. It is often encountered in membrane proteins, especially at the level of the water/bilayer interface. It plays a role in membrane protein stabilization, anchoring and orientation in lipid bilayers. It has a hydrophobic character but can also engage in many types of interactions, such as π–cation or hydrogen bonds. In this review, we give an overview of the role of tryptophan in membrane proteins and a more detailed description of the underlying noncovalent interactions it can engage in with membrane partners.
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14
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Situ AJ, Kim J, An W, Kim C, Ulmer TS. Insight Into Pathological Integrin αIIbβ3 Activation From Safeguarding The Inactive State. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166832. [PMID: 33539882 PMCID: PMC11025565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of physiological activation pathways of the platelet adhesion receptor integrin αIIbβ3 may fail to prevent fatal thrombosis, suggesting that the receptor is at risk of activation by yet an unidentified pathway. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of a structural motif that safeguards the receptor by selectively destabilizing its inactive state. At the extracellular membrane border, an overpacked αIIb(W968)-β3(I693) contact prevents αIIb(Gly972) from optimally assembling the αIIbβ3 transmembrane complex, which maintains the inactive state. This destabilization of approximately 1.0 kcal/mol could be mitigated by hydrodynamic forces but not physiological agonists, thereby identifying hydrodynamic forces as pathological activation stimulus. As reproductive life spans are not generally limited by cardiovascular disease, it appears that the evolution of the safeguard was driven by fatal, hydrodynamic force-mediated integrin αIIbβ3 activation in the healthy cardiovascular system. The triggering of the safeguard solely by pathological stimuli achieves an effective increase of the free energy barrier between inactive and active receptor states without incurring an increased risk of bleeding. Thus, integrin αIIbβ3 has evolved an effective way to protect receptor functional states that indicates the availability of a mechanical activation pathway when hydrodynamic forces exceed physiological margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Situ
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tobias S Ulmer
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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15
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Shigedomi K, Osada S, Jelokhani-Niaraki M, Kodama H. Systematic Design and Validation of Ion Channel Stabilization of Amphipathic α-Helical Peptides Incorporating Tryptophan Residues. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:723-732. [PMID: 33553860 PMCID: PMC7853622 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic interactions such as π-π interaction and cation-π interaction are present in membrane proteins and play important roles in both structure and function. To systematically investigate the effect of aromatic residues on the structural stability and ion permeability of peptide-formed ion channels, we designed several peptides with one or two tryptophan (Trp) residues incorporated at different positions in amphipathic α-helical peptides. Circular dichroism (CD) studies revealed the preferable position of Trp residues for self-association in these designed peptides. Systematically designed di-substituted peptides with two Trps at each helix termini demonstrated intermolecular Trp-Trp interactions caused by aggregation. In the presence of liposomes, Trp on the hydrophilic face of the peptide enhanced interaction with the lipid membrane to increase the amphipathic α-helical contents. Appropriate incorporation and positioning of Trp enabled peptides to form more stable channels and had notable effects with Trp di-substituted peptides. The ion channel forming capability of a series of these peptides showed that the cation-π interactions between Trp and Lys residues in adjacent transmembrane helices contribute to remarkable stabilization of the channel structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Shigedomi
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osada
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Masoud Jelokhani-Niaraki
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier
University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3C5, Canada
| | - Hiroaki Kodama
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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16
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Liu L, Zhao L, Liu L, Yue S, Wang J, Cao Z. Influence of Different Aromatic Hydrophobic Residues on the Antimicrobial Activity and Membrane Selectivity of BRBR-NH 2 Tetrapeptide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15331-15342. [PMID: 33295774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ultrashort linear antimicrobial tetrapeptide BRBR-NH2 with an unnatural residue biphenylalanine (B) has potent and rapid antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity but lacks hemolytic activity. The anti-MRSA activity of BRBR-NH2 is 8-fold more potent than that of WRWR-NH2 and 16-fold more potent than that of FRFR-NH2. However, how to influence their antimicrobial activities and mechanisms through the substitution of different aromatic hydrophobic residues is still unclear. In this work, to study the effects of varying hydrophobic interactions and membrane selectivities of BRBR-NH2, we performed multiple long-time (1000 ns) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the interactions of a red blood cell (RBC) membrane and a Gram-positive bacterial cell membrane with three different tetrapeptides (BRBR-NH2, WRWR-NH2, and FRFR-NH2) under different ratios of peptides and lipids and also explored the changes in the membrane and structural characteristics of peptides. The binding energy results show that BRBR-NH2 interacts weakly with the RBC membrane, while not all BRBR-NH2 can be adsorbed to the RBC membrane surface. The MD simulation results produced significant local membrane thinning of multiBRBR-NH2 peptides in the Gram-positive bacterial cell membrane. An in-depth analysis of structural features and peptide-membrane interactions suggests that the aggregation of BRBR-NH2 on the membrane surface plays a crucial role in the destruction of the cell membrane. Taken together with the observed local membrane thinning, the in-depth analysis demonstrated that the interactions between the lipid bilayer and the BRBR-NH2 aggregation surface result in a local disturbance of the membrane structure. It can be concluded that the high anti-MRSA activity of BRBR-NH2 is attributed to the aggregation of BRBR-NH2 on the membrane surface. On the other hand, WRWR-NH2 and FRFR-NH2 peptides tend to bind with the membrane surface in a monomeric form and cover the membrane surface in a carpet-like manner. Therefore, these results provide an advanced microscopic understanding of how hydrophobic interactions or hydrophobic residues affect the antimicrobial activity and mechanism of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Liling Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Zanxia Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
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17
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Liang Z, Li J, Zhu B. Lung Cancer Combination Treatment: Evaluation of the Synergistic Effect of Cisplatin Prodrug, Vinorelbine and Retinoic Acid When Co-Encapsulated in a Multi-Layered Nano-Platform. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4519-4531. [PMID: 33149550 PMCID: PMC7602907 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s251749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer remains the leading cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Cisplatin (CIS) was often used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prodrug is an effective strategy to improve the efficiency of drugs and reduce the toxicity. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize CIS prodrug, vinorelbine (VNR), and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) co-delivered multi-layered nano-platform, evaluating their antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Methods Cisplatin prodrug (CISP) was synthesized. A multi-layered nano-platform contained CISP, VNR and ATRA were prepared and named CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP. The physicochemical properties of CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP were investigated. In vitro cytotoxicity against CIS-resistant NSCLC cells (A549/CIS cells) and Human normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) was investigated, and in vivo anti-tumor efficiency was evaluated on mice bearing A549/CIS cells xenografts. Results CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP were spherical particles with particle size and zeta potential of 158 nm and 12.3 mV. CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP (81.36%) was uptake by cancer cells in vitro. CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP could significantly inhibit the in vivo antitumor growth and suspended the tumor volume from 1440 mm3 to 220 mm3. Conclusion It could be concluded that the CISP/VNR/ATRA MLNP may be used as a promising system for lung cancer combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Day Oncology Unit, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Budong Zhu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Day Oncology Unit, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
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18
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Modification and Targeted Design of N-Terminal Truncates Derived from Brevinin with Improved Therapeutic Efficacy. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080209. [PMID: 32781587 PMCID: PMC7464788 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of molecules that play an essential role in innate immune regulation. The Brevinin-1 family are AMPs that show strong pharmacological and antimicrobial potential. A novel peptide, B1A, was designed based on the primary structure of brevinin-1PLb and brevinin-1PLc. Subsequently, a synthesised replicate was subjected to a series of bioassays and was found to display antimicrobial activity. However, it also displayed high levels of haemolysis in a horse red blood cell haemolytic assay, suggesting potential toxicity. Therefore, we rationally designed a number of B1A analogues with aim of retaining antimicrobial activity, lowering toxicity, and to explore the structure–activity relationship of its N-terminus. B1A and its analogues still retained the “Rana Box” and the FLP-motif, which is a feature of this subfamily. However, the introduction of Lys and Trp residues into the peptide sequences revealed that antimicrobial activity of these analogues remained unchanged once the hydrophobicity and the charge reached the threshold. Hence, the idea that the hydrophobicity saturation in different situations is related to antimicrobial activity can be understood via the structure–activity relationship. Meanwhile, it could also be the starting point for the generation of peptides with specific antimicrobial activity.
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19
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Kim J, Lee J, Jang J, Ye F, Hong SJ, Petrich BG, Ulmer TS, Kim C. Topological Adaptation of Transmembrane Domains to the Force-Modulated Lipid Bilayer Is a Basis of Sensing Mechanical Force. Curr Biol 2020; 30:1614-1625.e5. [PMID: 32169208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cells can sense and respond to various mechanical stimuli from their surrounding environment. One of the explanations for mechanosensitivity, a lipid-bilayer model, suggests that a stretch of the membrane induced by mechanical force alters the physical state of the lipid bilayer, driving mechanosensors to assume conformations better matched to the altered membrane. However, mechanosensors of this class are restricted to ion channels. Here, we reveal that integrin αIIbβ3, a prototypic adhesion receptor, can be activated by various mechanical stimuli including stretch, shear stress, and osmotic pressure. The force-induced integrin activation was not dependent on its known intracellular activation signaling events and was even observed in reconstituted cell-free liposomes. Instead, these mechanical stimuli were found to alter the lipid embedding of the integrin β3 transmembrane domain (TMD) and subsequently weaken the αIIb-β3 TMD interaction, which results in activation of the receptor. Moreover, artificial modulation of the membrane curvature near integrin αIIbβ3 can induce its activation in cells as well as in lipid nanodiscs, suggesting that physical deformation of the lipid bilayer, either by mechanical force or curvature, can induce integrin activation. Thus, our results establish the adhesion receptor as a bona fide mechanosensor that directly senses and responds to the force-modulated lipid environment. Furthermore, this study expands the lipid-bilayer model by suggesting that the force-induced topological change of TMDs and subsequent alteration in the TMD interactome is a molecular basis of sensing mechanical force transmitted via the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonha Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Soon Jun Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian G Petrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tobias S Ulmer
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Situ AJ, Ulmer TS. Universal principles of membrane protein assembly, composition and evolution. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221372. [PMID: 31415673 PMCID: PMC6695178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural diversity in α-helical membrane proteins (MP) arises from variations in helix-helix crossings and contacts that may bias amino acid usage. Here, we reveal systematic changes in transmembrane amino acid frequencies (f) as a function of the number of helices (n). For eukarya, breaks in f(n) trends of packing (Ala, Gly and Pro), polar, and hydrophobic residues identify different MP assembly principles for 2≤n≤7, 8≤n≤12 and n≥13. In bacteria, the first f break already occurs after n = 6 in correlation to an earlier n peak in MP size distribution and dominance of packing over polar interactions. In contrast to the later n brackets, the integration levels of helix bundles continuously increased in the first, most populous brackets indicating the formation of single structural units (domains). The larger first bracket of eukarya relates to a balance of polar and packing interactions that enlarges helix-helix combinatorial possibilities (MP diversity). Between the evolutionary old, packing and new, polar residues f anti-correlations extend over all biological taxa, broadly ordering them according to evolutionary history and allowing f estimates for the earliest forms of life. Next to evolutionary history, the amino acid composition of MP is determined by size (n), proteome diversity, and effective amino acid cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Situ
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Tobias S. Ulmer
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Talandashti R, Mahdiuni H, Jafari M, Mehrnejad F. Molecular Basis for Membrane Selectivity of Antimicrobial Peptide Pleurocidin in the Presence of Different Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Model Membranes. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:3262-3276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Talandashti
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Mahdiuni
- Bioinformatics Lab., Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, P.O. Box 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Majid Jafari
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Mehrnejad
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Mork-Jansson AE, Eichacker LA. A strategy to characterize chlorophyll protein interaction in LIL3. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:1. [PMID: 30622623 PMCID: PMC6320596 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of proteins is at large determined by cofactors selectively bound to protein structure. Without chlorophyll specifically bound to protein, light harvesting and photosynthesis would not be possible. The binding of chlorophyll to light harvesting proteins has been extensively studied in reconstitution assays using proteins expressed in vitro; however, the mechanism of the reconstitution reaction remained unclear. We have shown that membrane integral light-harvesting-like protein, LIL3, binds chlorophyll a with a Kd of 146 nM in vitro by thermophoresis. Here, reconstitution of chlorophyll binding to LIL3 has been characterized by four different methods. RESULTS Structural changes in the reconstitution process have been investigated by light-scattering and differential Trp-fluorescence. For characterization of the chlorophyll binding site at LIL3, the analysis of LIL3 mutants has been conducted using native PAGE and thermophoresis. We find that the oxidized state of dithiothreitol is the essential component for reconstitution of chlorophyll binding to LIL3 in n-Dodecyl β-d-maltoside micelles at RT. Chlorophyll increased the polydispersity of the micellar states while dithiothreitol maintained LIL3 in a partially unfolded state at RT. Dimerization of LIL3 was abolished if amino acids N174, R176, and E171 were mutated to Ala; while, chlorophyll binding to LIL3 was abolished in mutant N174A, but retained in E171A, and R176A albeit at an about six- and five-fold decreased dissociation constant. Results show that N174 of LIL3 is essential for binding chlorophyll a. CONCLUSIONS Chlorophyll binding to LIL3 can be shown by thermophoresis, and native gel electrophoresis, while analysis of reconstitution conditions by dynamic light scattering and differential scanning fluorometry are of critical importance for method optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutz Andreas Eichacker
- Centre for Organelle Research, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway
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23
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Iyer BR, Vetal PV, Noordeen H, Zadafiya P, Mahalakshmi R. Salvaging the Thermodynamic Destabilization of Interface Histidine in Transmembrane β-Barrels. Biochemistry 2018; 57:6669-6678. [PMID: 30284812 PMCID: PMC6284319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The ability of histidine to participate in a wide range of stabilizing polar interactions preferentially populates this residue in functionally important sites of proteins. Histidine possesses an amphiphilic and electrostatic nature that is essential for amino acids residing at membrane interfaces. However, the frequency of occurrence of histidine at membrane interfaces, particularly transmembrane β-barrels, is lower than those of other aromatic residues. Here, we carry out comprehensive energetic measurements using equilibrium folding of the outer membrane enzyme PagP to address the contribution of a C-terminal interface histidine to barrel stability. We show that placing histidine at the C-terminus universally destabilizes PagP by 4.0-8.0 kcal mol-1 irrespective of the neighboring residue. Spectroscopic and electrophoretic measurements indicate that the altered stability may arise from a loss of barrel compaction. Isoleucine, methionine, and valine salvage this destabilization marginally (in addition to tyrosine, which shows an exceptionally high folding free energy value), when placed at the penultimate position, at the expense of an altered folding pathway. Double-mutant cycle analysis indicates that the coupling energy between the terminal and penultimate residues in PagP-X160H161 increases when the level of intrinsic destabilization by the terminal H161 is high. Our observations that neighboring residues cannot salvage the energetic destabilization of histidine may explain why histidine is less abundant at membrane interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Ramasubramanian Iyer
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal 462066 , India
| | - Pallavi Vijay Vetal
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal 462066 , India
| | - Henna Noordeen
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal 462066 , India
| | - Punit Zadafiya
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal 462066 , India
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal 462066 , India
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24
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McKay MJ, Martfeld AN, De Angelis AA, Opella SJ, Greathouse DV, Koeppe RE. Control of Transmembrane Helix Dynamics by Interfacial Tryptophan Residues. Biophys J 2018; 114:2617-2629. [PMID: 29874612 PMCID: PMC6129553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein domains often contain interfacial aromatic residues, which may play a role in the insertion and stability of membrane helices. Residues such as Trp or Tyr, therefore, are often found situated at the lipid-water interface. We have examined the extent to which the precise radial locations of interfacial Trp residues may influence peptide helix orientation and dynamics. To address these questions, we have modified the GW5,19ALP23 (acetyl-GGALW5(LA)6LW19LAGA-[ethanol]amide) model peptide framework to relocate the Trp residues. Peptide orientation and dynamics were analyzed by means of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to monitor specific 2H- and 15N-labeled residues. GW5,19ALP23 adopts a defined, tilted orientation within lipid bilayer membranes with minimal evidence of motional averaging of NMR observables, such as 2H quadrupolar or 15N-1H dipolar splittings. Here, we examine how peptide dynamics are impacted by relocating the interfacial Trp (W) residues on both ends and opposing faces of the helix, for example by a 100° rotation on the helical wheel for positions 4 and 20. In contrast to GW5,19ALP23, the modified GW4,20ALP23 helix experiences more extensive motional averaging of the NMR observables in several lipid bilayers of different thickness. Individual and combined Gaussian analyses of the 2H and 15N NMR signals confirm that the extent of dynamic averaging, particularly rotational "slippage" about the helix axis, is strongly coupled to the radial distribution of the interfacial Trp residues as well as the bilayer thickness. Additional 2H labels on alanines A3 and A21 reveal partial fraying of the helix ends. Even within the context of partial unwinding, the locations of particular Trp residues around the helix axis are prominent factors for determining transmembrane helix orientation and dynamics within the lipid membrane environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McKay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Ashley N Martfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Anna A De Angelis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Stanley J Opella
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Denise V Greathouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Roger E Koeppe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas.
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